Memory Storage and Retrieval - (Module 31, 32) Flashcards
Automatic Processing
Unconscious encoding of the incidental information, such as space, time, and frequency, and of well-learned information.
Does not involve effort
Mnemonics
Acronym for each word in a sentence.
Ex. King Henry Died by Drinking Chocolate Milk.
Chunking
Organizing items into familiar, manageable units, includes acronyms.
Ex ROY G BIV
Methods of Loci
Items are mentally associated with specific physical locations.
Spacing Effect
By distributing practice, you are able to remember things better than through mass practice.
Testing Effect
Enhanced memory after retrieving (test yourself as you go).
Shallow Processing
Encoding on structure or appearance of words.
Deep Processing
Encoding on the meaning of words (semantic encoding), best retention.
Semantic Encoding
The meaning of something is encoded.
Hippocampus
Processes explicit (declarative) memories.
Flashbulb Memory
Highly emotional moments may give rise to a clear, strong, and persistent memory, not free from errors.
Cerebellum
Processes implicit (procedural) memories.
Long Term Potentiation (LTP)
Increase in a synapses’ firing potential.
Priming
An individual’s exposure to a certain stimulus influences his or her response to a different stimulus, without any awareness of the connection.
Retrieval Cue
Any word, place, emotion that triggers a memory.
Recognition
Identifying an item amongst other choices.
Ex. A multiple choice test
Recall
Accessing your memory, remembering the information or events that were previously encoded and stored in the brain.
Relearning
Assesses the amount of time saved when learning material for a second time through comparison.
Déjà vu
Cues from the current situation may subconsciously trigger retrieval of an earlier similar experience.
