How Memory Works (Module 31)

Question 1

Encoding

Answer 1

Input of Memory

Question 2

Visual encoding

Answer 2

Picture images

Question 3

Acoustic encoding

Answer 3

Sound of words

Question 4

Semantic encoding

Answer 4

Meaning of words

Question 5

Storage

Answer 5

File system of memories

Question 6

Retrieval

Answer 6

Getting information out of memory.

Question 7

Parallel Processing

Answer 7

We encode numerous sensory experiences simultaneously.

Question 8

Sensory Memory

Answer 8

Initial recording of sensory information.

Function - holds sensory information long enough to be processed or transferred to the center of the brain.

Question 9

Iconic Memory / Echoic Memory

Answer 9

Iconic = visual
Echoic = auditory

Question 10

Working Memory (Short-Term Memory

Answer 10

-Conscious processing of information

-Holds 7+/- 2 items

-20-30 seconds

Question 11

Long-Term Memory

Answer 11

A relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system.

Question 12

Explicit memory (Declarative)

Answer 12

Facts and experiences that one can consciously know and decare (conscious recall).

Question 13

Implicit memory (Procedural)

Answer 13

Memories of how to do things; procedures (without conscious recall).

Question 14

Effortful Processing

Answer 14

Requires attention and conscious effort, focused and paying attention.

Question 15

Herman Ebbinghaus and Rehearsal (Repetition)

Answer 15

The amount we remember correlates with time sprent learning.

Forgetting Curve - memories of meaningless information are lost shortly after learning.