Origins of Intelligence Testing - (Module 60) Flashcards
Intelligence
Ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and adapt to new solutions.
Eugenics
Improving a human population by controlled breeding in order to increase desirable heritable characteristics.
Alfred Binet and intelligence
Developed questions that would predict children’s future progress in school (placement for regular classes, or honors classes).
Paris, France, 1905
Mental Age (Binet)
Chronological age corresponds to a given level of performance.
Ex. Real age of 16, but mental age of 20 makes you more mature.
IQ/ IQ Formula
Mental Age / Chronological age x 100 = IQ
Lewis Terman and the Stanford-Binet Test
Adapted Binet’s test for American school children.
Flynn Effect
A finding that intelligence has increased with each new generation.
Charles Spearman’s General Intelligence (g) Theory
The idea that general mental capacity can be expressed by a single intelligence score,
Measured by intelligence test.
Factor Analysis
Statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items (called factors) on a test.
Howard Gardner’s Multiple Intelligence Theory
We do not have one intelligence but rather multiple intelligences that are independent of each other.
Savant Syndrome
Person is limited in mental ability but has an exceptional specific skill.
Ex. guy who can sculpt really good
Robert Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory
Three intelligences:
Analytical (assessed by intelligence tests)
Creative (adapt to multiple situations)
Practical (required for everyday tasks, street smarts).
Emotional Intelligence (Daniel Goleman)
Ability to perceive, understand, and use emotions.
GRIT
Non-cognitive trait based on an individual’s passion for a particular long-term goal coupled with a powerful motivation to achieve.
