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Solid State Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the two types of solids ?

A

Crystalline solids and amorphous solids.

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2
Q

What can you say about crystalline solids ?

A

They have definite shape. They have long range order. They have sharp melting points. Their Enthalpy of fusion is definite. They are hard and rigid solids. They possess definite crystal system. They are true solids. They are malleable and ductile.

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3
Q

What do you know about amorphous solids ?

A

They do not have definite geometrical shape. They have short range order. They do not have sharp melting point. Entalpy of fusion is not definite. They are comparatively soft and not very rigid. They have crystal system absent. They are pseudo solids. They are isotopic.

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4
Q

What are the four types of ionic solids ?

A

They are ionic solids , molecular solids , covalent metwork solids. , and metallic solids.

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5
Q

Order of crystal system.

A

Cubic-tetrahedral-orthogonal-hexagonal-rhombohedral-monoclinic-triclinic.

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6
Q

What are the bravias lattice of cubic crystal system?

A

3- Primitive, Face centred , Body centred.

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7
Q

What are the bravias lattice of orthorhombic crystal system?

A

4- primitive, face centred, body centered, end centered.

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8
Q

Which cystal system have only two bravias lattice?

A

Monoclinic and tetragonal have 2 bravias lattice. They are primitive and end centered for monoclinic and primitive and body centered for tetragonal.

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9
Q

Which crystal system have just 1 bravias lattice ?

A

Rhombohedral, triclinic and hexagonal have just one bravias lattice. (ie Primitive)

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10
Q

What can you say about BCC?

A

Atomic radius r= a*(3^1/2)/4
Z=2
Co ordination number = 8
Packing fraction= 0.68

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11
Q

What can you say about FCC?

A

R=a*(2^1/2)/4
Z=4
Co ordination number = 12
Packing fraction = 0.74

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12
Q

Why are the two types of packing ?

A

Hexagonal close packing(HCP) and Cumnock closest packing (CCP)

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13
Q

What can you say about Hexagonal close packing (HCP)?

A

Coordination number= 12
Z=6
Packing fraction= 0.74
Type of packing - ABAB……

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14
Q

What do you know about cubic closest packing (CCP)?

A

Coordination number=12
Z=4
Packing fraction= 0.74
Type of packing = ABCABC…

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15
Q

What are the four types pf void ?

A

Triangular void
Tetrahedral void
Octahedral void
Cubic void

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16
Q

What do you know about triangular void ?

A

r(void)/r(sphere)=0.155

Coordination number = 3

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17
Q

Why do you know about tetrahedral void ?

A

r(void)/r(sphere)= 0.225

Coordination number= 4

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18
Q

What do you know about octahedral void ?

A

r(void)/r(sphere)=0.414

Coordination number = 6

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19
Q

What do you know about cubic void ?

A

r(void)/r(sphere)=0.732

Coordination number =8

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20
Q

Limiting radius ratio

A

Coordination number = 2

Shape = linear

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21
Q

Limiting radius ratio

0.155-0.225

A

Coordination number = shape = planar triangle

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22
Q

Limiting radius ratio

0.225-0.414

A

Coordination number = 4

Shape= Tetrahedral

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23
Q

Limiting radius ratio

0.414-0.732

A

Coordination number = 6

Shape = octahedral

24
Q

Limiting radius ratio

0.732-0.999

A

Coordination number = 8

Shape= like body central cubic

25
Q

What are the 5 types of ionic structure ?

A 
Rock salt (NaCl)
Zinc blend (ZnS)
CsCl
Fluorite structure (CaF2)
Anti fluorite structure (Na2O)
26
Q

Two types of point defect?

A

Stochiometric and non stochiometric

27
Q

3 types of stochiometric defect

A

Vacancy - constituent particle missing
Frenkel- dislocation of ions
Schottky- ion pair missing

28
Q

Non stochiometric defects

A

Metal excess defect- due to presence of extra cations in interstitial state
Metal deficiency defect- due to presence of extra anions in interstitial state.

29
Q

Facts about diamagnetic substances

A

Repelled by magnetic field.
All paired electrons.
Used as an insulator.

30
Q

Facts about paramagnetic substances

A

Attracted by magnetic field.
At least one unpaired electron.
Used in electronic appliances

31
Q

Facts about ferromagnetic substances

A

Permanent magnetism.
Dipoles aligned in same direction.
Eg: Fe,Ni,Co

32
Q

Facts about antiferromagnetic substances

A

Net dipole moment alignment is zero

Eg: MnO,MnO2

33
Q

Fact about ferrimagnetic substance

A

Net dipole exists

Eg= Fe3O4

34
Q

Coordination numb of Rock Salt ( NaCl) type

A

6

35
Q

Coordination number of zinc blend ( ZnS )

A

4

36
Q

Coordination number of CsCl type

A

8

37
Q

Coordination number of Flourite structure type ( CaF2 )

A 
Ca= 8
F= 4
38
Q

Coordination number of anti Flourite structure ( Na2O) type

A 
O= 8
Na= 4
39
Q

No of nearest neighbours in FCC

A

12

40
Q

Number of next nearest neighbours in BCC?

A

6

41
Q

Distance of nearest neighbour in BCC

A

√3/2 a

42
Q

Distance of next nearest neighbour in FCC

A

1 a

43
Q

Distance of next nearest neighbour in simple cubic cell

A

√3 a

44
Q

Number of plane of symmetry in cubic unit cell

A

9

45
Q

Number of axis of symmetry in cubic unit cell

A

13

46
Q

Height of HCP unit cell

A

√32/ 3

47
Q

Distance between two successive layers in CCP

A

√8/3

48
Q

Volume of HCP unit cell

A

24√2

49
Q

Number of tetrahedral void in CCP

A

8

50
Q

Number of octahedral void in CCP

A

4

51
Q

Number of tetrahedral void in HCP

A

12

52
Q

Number of octahedral void in HCP

A

6

53
Q

Number of carbon atoms in unit cell of diamond

A

8

54
Q

In solid state , density d=?

A

d= ZM/N₀a³
; a= edge length.
M= Molecular weight

55
Q

In solid state , Packing fraction = ?

A

Packing Fraction = ZV(atom)/V(unit cell)

56
Q

In solid state what is Coordination no. =?

A

Coordination number = No of first neighbours.

Chemistry (20 decks)

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