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science > SOL science prep 6th grade weather unit > Flashcards

SOL science prep 6th grade weather unit Flashcards

1
Q

solar energy can be _____, ________, or ________.

A

reflected, absorbed, scattered

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2
Q

_______ is a way to keep track of energy transfers in or out of the Earth’s system.

A

Earth’s Energy budget

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3
Q

The sun generates energy through the process of ________ ________.

A

nuclear fusion

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4
Q

Nuclear Fusion occurs when two types of ______ atoms combine to make a heavier _____ atom and an extra ____.

A

hydrogen, helium, neutron

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5
Q

The suns energy travels to earth on ____ waves.

A

Electromagnetic

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6
Q

Heat is circulated through fluids such as air or water

A

convection

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7
Q

soup heating in a pot (convection, conduction, or radiation)

A

convection

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8
Q

heat that moves through an object. (needs to touch)

A

conduction

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9
Q

a frying pan on the burner (convection, conduction, or radiation)

A

conduction

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10
Q

heat that is moved or transferred between two objects that are not touching.

A

radiation

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11
Q

a hand near an iron to see if its hot (convection, conduction, or radiation)

A

radiation

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12
Q

heat is transferred from the _____ (warmer or colder) object to the ______ (warmer or colder) object

A

warmer, colder

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13
Q

air is lighter and will rise (warm or cold)

A

warm

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14
Q

air is heavy and will sink (warm or cold)

A

cold

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15
Q

during the ____, heat rises over the hot landmass and falls over the cooler ocean.

A

day

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16
Q

what causes ocean currents?

A

convection currents (heat rising and cool air falling)

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17
Q

during the _______, heat rises over the warmer ocean and falls over the cooled landmass

A

night

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18
Q

______ ____ flow within the mantle which causes the tectonic plates to move.

A

convection

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19
Q

_______ ________ flow within the ocean and cause the ocean’s currents.

A

convection currents

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20
Q

______ ________ flow in the atmosphere when hot air rises and cool air falls. This forms wind.

A

convection currents

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21
Q

where can you find convection currents?

A

Earth’s Mantle
Earth’s Oceans
Earth’s Atmosphere (wind)

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22
Q

long term
average temperatures

A

climate

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23
Q

short term
humidity, clouds, storms

A

weather

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24
Q

measures the amount of rain

A

rain gauge

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25
Q

measures the temperature

A

thermometer

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26
Q

measures air pressure

A

barometer

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27
Q

measures wind speed

A

anemometer

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28
Q

measures wind direction

A

wind vane

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29
Q

measures humidity (moisture in the air)

A

hygrometer

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30
Q

what are the components of making a cloud?

A

heat (usally the sun)
water/water vapor
dust particles
cool air

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31
Q

how is a cloud formed?

A

water evaporates into water vapor
the water vapor rises
water vapor condenses onto dust
lots of droplets come together to form a cloud

32
Q

which type of cloud indicates change in weather?

A

cirrus

33
Q
A

cirrus

34
Q

which type of cloud indicates fair weather?

A

cumulus

35
Q
A

cumulus

36
Q

which cloud is a sign of rain or snow?

A

stratus

37
Q

which clouds form fog?

A

stratus

38
Q
A

stratus

39
Q

which clouds have rain or snow falling from them?

A

nimbus

40
Q
A

nimbus

41
Q

what percent of air is nitrogen?

A

78%

42
Q

what percent of air is oxygen?

A

21%

43
Q

what percent of air is carbon dioxide?

A

less than 1%

44
Q

layer closest to earth
eat, sleep, and play here
most air pollution
weather and clouds
has 99% of water vapor and 75% of gas

A

troposphere

45
Q

absorbs harmful rays from the sun
many jets fly in this layer
ozone layer

A

stratosphere

46
Q

protects Earth’s surface from meterorids
coldest layer
shooting star (meteors)

A

mesosphere

47
Q

satellite orbit
auroras occur
thickest
air is thin
warmest

A

thermosphere

48
Q

atmosphere merges with space

A

exosphere

49
Q

name the layers of the atmosphere in order from closest to furthest away from earth.

A

troposphere
stratosphere
mesosphere
Thermosphere
exosphere
( test scores make teachers exited)

50
Q

clockwise winds
low humidity
cool, dry air
air sinks in center
no clouds
clear, sunny

A

high pressure

51
Q

counterclockwise winds
high humidity
warm, moist air
air rises in center
clouds
precipitation

A

low pressure

52
Q

air pressure moves from _ to______

A

high, low

53
Q
A

high pressure

54
Q
A

low pressure

55
Q
A

cold fount

56
Q

cumulonimbus clouds
heavy precipitation
after there are clear skies and cool temperature

A

cold front

57
Q
A

warm front

58
Q

stratus clouds
slow steady precipitation
after it passes increase in temperature & high humidity

A

warm front

59
Q
A

stationary front

60
Q

stratus clouds
many days of rain

A

stationary front

61
Q
A

occluded front

62
Q

where air masses meet but do not mix

A

front

63
Q

how does a cold front form?

A

fast cold air meets slow warm air

64
Q

how does a warm front form?

A

fast warm air meets slow cold air

65
Q

how does a occluded front form?

A

warm air meets cold air and is pushed up and out of way

66
Q

how is a stationary front formed?

A

cold air meets warm air and neither move

67
Q

polar maritime

A

temperature: cold
humidity: high (wet)

68
Q

polar continental

A

temperature: cold
humidity: low (dry)

69
Q

tropical maritime

A

temperature: hot
humidity: high (wet)

70
Q

tropical continental

A

temperature: hot
humidity: low (dry)

71
Q

winds greater than 35 mph
at least 3 hours long
visibility less than 1/4 mile
winter
snow

A

blizzard

72
Q

south & Midwest
summer months
lasts months to years
low rainfall

A

drought

73
Q

winds 74 mph or more
warm
heavy rain
lasts up to 2 weeks
forms near equator

A

hurricane

74
Q

spring or summer
occurs anywhere
couple of mins to hours
heavy rain
thunder & lightning

A

thunderstorm

75
Q

winds up to 250 mph
few feet to 2 miles wide
lasts seconds to over hour
rapidly whirling, funnel-shaped
south: march-may
north: summer

A

tornado

science (12 decks)

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