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Wala lang trip lang > Soil and Water Conservation Engineering > Flashcards

Soil and Water Conservation Engineering Flashcards

1
Q

Slope of the upstream face of the embankment.
A. Downstream slope
B. Outside slope
C. Inside slope
D. Upstream slope

A

C. Inside slope

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2
Q

Inside bottom or sill of the conduit.
A. Invert
B. Inside base
C. Inside sill
D. Bottom sill

A

A. Invert

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3
Q

Closed conduit designed to convey canal water in full and under pressure running condition, to convey canal water by gravity under roadways, railways, drainage channels and local depressions.
A. Close siphon
B. Pressurized conduit
C. Siphon
D. Inverted siphon

A

D. Inverted siphon

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4
Q

_______ water requirement is the amount of water required in lowland rice production which includes water losses through evaporation, seepage, percolation and land soaking.
A. Land preparation
B. Irrigation
C. Crop
D. Field

A

A. Land preparation

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5
Q

_________ water requirement is the amount of water required in lowland rice production which is a function of the initial soil moisture and the physical properties of the soil.
A. Land preparation
B. Irrigation
C. Crop
D. Land soaking

A

D. Land soaking

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6
Q

Spacing between irrigation laterals.
A. Ditch spacing
B. Lateral spacing
C. Horizontal spacing
D. Irrigation spacing

A

B. Lateral spacing

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7
Q

Deep percolation of water beyond the root zone of plants, resulting in loss of salts or nutrients.
A. Vertical percolation
B. Root zone percolation
C. Leaching
D. Salt leaching

A

C. Leaching

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8
Q

Canal with impermeable material (usually concrete) for channel stabilization and/or reduced seepage.
A. Line canal
B. Lined canal
C. Unlined canal
D. Impermeable canal

A

B. Lined canal

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9
Q

Allowable pollutant-loading limit per unit of time, which the wastewater generator is permitted to discharge into any receiving body of water or land.
A. Pollutant limit
B. Loading limit
C. Allowable limit
D. Waste limit

A

B. Loading limit

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10
Q

Portion of the pipe network between the mainline and the laterals.
A. Diversion pipe
B. Manifold
C. Main-lateral pipe
D. Reducer

A

B. Manifold

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11
Q

Spillway which is not excavated such as natural draw, saddle or drainage way.
A. Surface spillway
B. Flood spillway
C. Natural spillway
D. Earth spillway

A

C. Natural spillway

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12
Q

Constant flow depth along a longitudinal section of a channel under a uniform flow condition.
A. Critical depth
B. Constant depth
C. Laminar depth
D. Normal depth

A

D. Normal depth

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13
Q

Maximum elevation of the water surface which can be attained by the spillway-type dam or reservoir without flow in the spillway.
A. Normal storage
B. Maximum storage
C. Critical elevation
D. Design depth

A

A. Normal storage

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14
Q

Maximum elevation of the water surface which can be attained in an open channel without reaching the freeboard.
A. Normal storage
B. Maximum storage
C. Critical elevation
D. Design depth

A

D. Design depth

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15
Q

In what condition is the open channel freeboard used for water conveyance?
A. Maximum flow
B. Emergency flow
C. Inundation
D. Rainy days

A

C. Inundation

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16
Q

The primary purpose in limiting water flow not to go below minimum velocity.
A. Avoid percolation
B. Avoid sedimentation
C. Avoid critical depth
D. Optimize flow

A

B. Avoid sedimentation

17
Q

Open channel flow is water flow that is conveyed in such a manner that top surface is exposed to the atmosphere such as flow in canals, ditches, drainage channels, culverts, and pipes under _____ flow conditions
A. Full
B. Partially full
C. Normal
D. Critical

A

B. Partially full

18
Q

Part of the system that impounds the runoff.
A. Storage
B. Reservoir
C. Impounding
D. Runoff collector

A

B. Reservoir

19
Q

Slope at the downstream face of the embankment
A. Outside slope
B. Inside slope
C. Side slope
D. Soil gradient

A

A. Outside slope

20
Q

Ratio between reference evapotranspiration and water loss by evaporation from an open water surface of a pan.
A. Pan coefficient
B. Evaporation ratio
C. Reference pan ratio
D. ET ratio

A

A. Pan coefficient

21
Q

Rate of water loss by evaporation from an open water surface of a pan.
A. Surface evaporation
B. Sunken evaporation
C. Pan evaporation
D. Evaporation loss

A

C. Pan evaporation

22
Q

Vertical flow of water below the root zone which is affected by soil structure, texture, bulk density, mineralogy, organic matter content, salt type and concentration.
A. Leaching
B. Percolation
C. Infiltration
D. Seepage

A

B. Percolation

23
Q

Vertical flow of water to carry salts contained in water.
A. Leaching
B. Percolation
C. Infiltration
D. Seepage

A

A. Leaching

24
Q

Method to determine the rate of flow under laminar flow conditions through a unit cross sectional area of soil under unit hydraulic gradient.
A. Permeability test
B. Laminar test
C. Flow test
D. Hydraulic test

A

A. Permeability test

25
Q

The process by which the soil is removed from its natural place.
A. Soil removal
B. Runoff
C. Soil erosion
D. Leaching

A

C. Soil erosion

26
Q

A kind of terrace which consists of a series of flattened areas.
A. Broad-base terrace
B. Bench terrace
C. Conservation terrace
D. Rice terrace

A

B. Bench terrace

27
Q

The practice where legumes are plowed or incorporated into the soil.
A. Legume incorporation
B. Legume maturing
C. Green manuring
D. Manuring

A

C. Green manuring

28
Q

Farming practice where plowing and harrowing are done along the contour.
A. Contouring
B. Strip cropping
C. Crop row aligning
D. Contour plowing

A

A. Contouring

29
Q

The simplest method of determining soil erosion over a period of time.
A. Catchment method
B. Erometer method
C. Plumb bob method
D. Pin method

A

D. Pin method

30
Q

Advance form of erosion.
A. Rill erosion
B. Gully erosion
C. Sheet erosion
D. Advanced erosion

A

B. Gully erosion

31
Q

Dam which resists water flow of water by its weight.
A. Resisting dam
B. Buttress dam
C. Gravity dam
D. Arc dam

A

C. Gravity dam

32
Q

Dam consisting of stones enclosed in cyclone wires which allows water passage.
A. Gabion dam
B. Stone dam
C. Cyclone dam
D. Interlink dam

A

A. Gabion dam

33
Q

Material used to cover the soil to minimize evapotranspiration.
A. Plastic
B. Mulch
C. Leaves
D. Soil cover

A

B. Mulch

34
Q

Geological formation shaped by the dissolution of a layer or layers of soluble bedrock, usually carbonate rocks such as limestone or dolomite.
A. Geological layer
B. Dissolved layer
C. Soluble layer
D. Karst topography

A

D. Karst topography

35
Q

Scientific name of carabao grass commonly used in vegetated open channels.
A. Glerisedia sepium
B. Paspalum conjagatum
C. Cyperus rotundos
D. Leucaena leucocepala

A

B. Paspalum conjagatum

36
Q

Philippine geographical constant for determining terrace vertical interval.
A. 0.5
B. 0.8
C. 1
D. 1.5

A

A. 0.5

37
Q

Constant for soil erodibility and cover conditions for erodible soil and poor cover.
A. 0.5
B. 0.8
C. 1
D. 1.5

A

C. 1

38
Q

Estimate the peak runoff rate in cubic meters per second from a 20-hectare drainage basin if rainfall depth for 6 hours reach 60 mm. Use typical runoff coefficient of 0.35.
A. 2
B. 0.02
C. 0.2
D. 2.2

A

C. 0.2

Determining rainfall intensity I
I = 60 mm/6 hours = 10 mm/hr
Determining Peak Runoff Rate, q
q = 0.0028CIA
q = 0.0028(0.35)(10 mm/hr)(20 has) = 0.2 m3/s

39
Q

Estimate the runoff volume in cubic meters from a 20-hectare drainage basin if rainfall depth for 6 hours reach 60 mm and duration of runoff is about 3 hours. Use typical runoff coefficient of 0.35.
A. 1080
B. 1800
C. 1008
D. 8100

A

A. 1080

Determining rainfall intensity I
I = 60 mm/6 hours = 10 mm/hr
Determining Peak Runoff Rate, q
q = 0.0028CIA
q = 0.0028(0.35)(10 mm/hr)(20 has) = 0.2 m3/s
Determining Total Runoff Volume, Q
Q = 0.5 x Peak runoff rate x Duration
Q = 0.5qT
Q = 0.5(0.2 cu.m/s)(3 hrs x 3600 s/hr)
Q = 1080 cubic meters

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