AREA-1 Flashcards
Any physical soil manipulation which changes the structure of the soil, kills weeds, and rearranges dead plant materials.
Tillage
Designed to plant seeds continuously in rows with row spacing greater than 36 cm.
Row-crop drill planter
Designed to plant one or more seeds or plants in rows and in hills.
Hill-drop planter
Planters designed to plant seeds or plants in patterns which do not allow subsequent entry of machinery.
Solid planters
A criterion that is well accepted in computing the pump capacity.
the crop’s highest daily water requirement
According to the National Irrigation Administration (NIA), the water requirement for rice production is
10 mm/day
Placement of a single seed in a hill within the row at a uniform depth and at a uniform environment for germination of each seed.
Precision planting
The planting of rice seeds on dry land or on saturated soil without covering the seed with water or mud.
Aerobic seeding
Similar to aerobic seeding except that it is carried out on land that has not been puddled.
Dryland seeding
Ratio of the grain mass to the mass of non-grain material.
Grain/non-grain ratio
The rate at which grain or seed is delivered to the threshing cylinder by the combine header or by the manual feeder in the axial-flow thresher.
Grain feed rate
The sum of the non-grain feed rate and the grain feed rate.
Total feed rate
Threshed grain or seed that are included in the straw and discharged from the rear of the machine.
Walker loss
Unthreshed grain coming out from the straw rack or in the cleaning shoe.
Cylinder loss
Threshed seed or grain discharge over the rear of the cleaning shoe.
Shoe loss
Consist of unthreshed grains and the panicle materials to which they are attached.
Tailings
The optimum range of moisture content of palay for harvesting is
21% (dry season) to 24% (rainy season)
The angle between the horizontal diameter of the disk face and the direction of travel and is normally ___ to ____.
42 to 45 degrees (disk angle)
The angle that the disk is tilted backwards from the vertical usually at an angle from ___ to ___.
15 to 25 degrees (tilt angle)
Reciprocal of the radius of curvature of the disk.
Concavity of a disk.
In seeding, the recommended proper placement of the seed and fertilizer in the soil:
Depth of placement - 2 to 3 cm from the soil surface.
Soil compaction - soil on top is loose, compact around the seed, and slightly compact at the bottom of the seed.
Fertilizer placement - 5 cm to the side and 5 cm deep.
Seeding or planting placed at the bottom or furrow
Furrow planting
Seed or plant placed on flat or level surface
Flat planting
One row is planted on the ridge of the furrow.
Bed planting
Two or more rows are planted on the broad bed top.
Broad bed planting
Employed mostly for front-mounted cultivators where raising and lowering of the gang or tool bar result in equal changes in the depths of all shovels and does not change the pitch of the shovels.
Parallel link hitches
Rear-mounted with 4 categories with dimensions corresponding to the different ranges of maximum drawbar power.
Three-point hitch converging link type
A type of restrained link system in which the depth is automatically adjusted to maintain a pre-selected, constant draft
Automatic draft control
A fixed cost if the machine life is determined by obsolescence or if the machine is assumed to have a life span or fully depreciated before it wears out.
Depreciation
Estimated arbitrarily by estimate of years to obsolescence or years to wear out.
Machine life
Reflects the prevailing interest rates. The interest cost reflects the opportunities foregone for other financial investment with that money because it has been tied up in the purchase of the machine
Interest on investment
Repair cost is estimated as ___% of the initial cost.
15
Modern method of leveling land using the straightness and non-spreading properties of laser beam to indicate the elevation of an object relative to a benchmark.
Laser leveling
Connected at a single hitch point and pulled by the power unit without any other support from it.
Pull-type or trailed implement
Attached to the tractor through a hitch linkage, normally by the standard 3-point hitch and is completely supported by the tractor when in raised position.
Mounted implement
Attached to the tractor through a horizontal or nearly horizontal hinge axis and is only partially and never completely supported by the tractor.
Semi-mounted implement
Has its own built-in propelling power unit
Self-propelled machine
Length of time it takes to recover the investment or until the net benefits equal the investment cost.
Payback period (PBP)
Level of operation where the investment neither produces a profit nor incurs a loss.
Break-even point (BEP)
The time value of money is taken into consideration through the process called discounting.
Discounted measure
Ratio of the present worth of the benefit stream over the present worth of cost stream extending over a period of time usually the life of the machine.
Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR). Decision rule is to accept projects with BCR >/= 1.
The difference of the present value of the benefit stream and the present value of the cost stream extending over a period of time usually the life of the machine.
Net Present Value (NPV). The decision rule is to accept projects with NPV >/= 0.
The maximum interest rate the project can pay for the use of money if the project is to break-even.
Internal Rate of Return (IRR). At this point, the NPV = 0 and BCR = 1. The decision rule that the IRR of the project should be higher than the prevailing interest rate of the bank.
Application, use and management of various agricultural machines, tools and equipment used for production and post- production operations.
Agricultural machinery
Machinery and equipment for the production, harvesting, processing, storage, manufacture, transportation and distribution of agricultural and fishery products.
Agricultural and fisheries machinery
Utilization of hand tools, implements for draft animals, and mechanically-powered machines for agricultural land development, production, harvesting and on-farm processing.
Agricultural mechanization
A 9:1 mixture of unleaded gasoline and alcohol is called as
gasohol
A device that collects solar radiant energy and transform it to some other useful form of energy.
Solar collector
A device used to convert solar energy directly to electricity.
Photovoltaic cell
Amount of solar energy received per unit time on a unit area of surface perpendicular to the radiation and at outer limit of earth atmosphere when the earth is at mean distance from the sun.
Solar constant (1353 W/m2)
The solar radiation received by the earth’s atmosphere without having been deflected/intercepted or absorbed by the atmosphere.
Direct radiation (1000 W/m2)
With more than 32 hp engine.
Standard class tractor
With 32 hp or less engine.
Compact class tractor
Transmit power from the flywheel, absorbs impact load, for gradual application of load to engine, permits the change in gear without stopping the engine.
Clutch
Supply different speed and direction of travel, supply the needed torque for different work applications.
Gear box
Supply different speeds for ground wheels when turning. It also functions as second speed reduction point in the power train.
Differential
Used to reduce the speed or stop the tractor
Brake system
Provides space in w/c the piston operates.
Cylinder and cylinder block
Provides pocket or space above the cylinder and piston known as combustion chamber.
Cylinder head
A device that is used to draw in fuel, compress, and receive the power impulse of the expanding gas.
Piston and piston rings
Are used to retain compression and reduce wall contact to a minimum.
Piston rings.
Tubular steel w/c attaches the piston to the upper end of the connecting rod.
Piston pin
Transmit the power received from the piston to the crankshaft.
Connecting rod
Receives the power from the connecting rod and transforms the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion.
Crankshaft
Acts as balance wheel to make the engine turn evenly.
Flywheel
Supports and encloses the crankshaft and camshaft and provides a reservoir for lubricating oil.
Crankcase
Provides the engine with openings or gates for the entry of fresh fuel and air, exhaust of the products of combustion.
Valve system
Provides for uninterrupted supply of clean and combustible mixture of fuel and air.
Fuel supply system
Provides for the supply of low and high voltage electricity needed to operate the spark plugs and produce combustion.
Ignition and electrical system
Maintains engine’s operating temperature, it also assists in the rapid engine warm up.
Cooling system
Reduce friction and wear on moving engine parts.
Lubricating system
Maintains engine speed and power at any operating condition.
Governing system
Mixture of fuel when the air is more than what is desired.
Lean mixture (ex. 18:1)
Mixture of fuel when air is less than what is desired.
Rich mixture (ex. 10:1)
Anti-knock quality of gasoline determined by comparing it with standard reference fuel.
Octane rating. (Isooctane + heptane)
Ignition quality of diesel fuel determined by comparing it with standard reference fuel.
Cetane rating (cetane + aphamethylnapthalene)
A device added to the exhaust system to reduce hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide pollutants in the exhaust gas.
Catalytic converter
A device that forces more air or fuel mixture into the cylinder than would be drawn under normal condition, thus increasing the volumetric efficiency and power output of the engine.
Turbocharger/supercharger
Seek to limit the vehicle’s toxic gas in hope to attain a cleaner, breathable air.
Euro emission standard
A type of cell that is when fully discharged or dead, can only be restored to its original condition by renewing the materials that had been so changed.
Primary cell
A type of cell that can be restored to its original condition by sending and electric current through it in the direction opposite to that of discharge.
Secondary cell
A type of battery commonly used on tractors.
Lead acid battery (2 volts/cell. 2.2 volts max’m)
Solution used on lead acid batteries. It consists of 2 parts sulfuric acid.
Electrolyte
Most common type of battery trouble. It is the formation of lead sulfate at the bottom of the container due to delayed charging.
Sulfation
Ignition voltage requirement.
25,000 to 40,000 volts
A type of spark plug used on high compression, high speed engines with short heat path for quick heat dissipation.
Cold plug
A device connected to the ignition that eliminates arcing of the breaker points.
Condenser/capacitor
A device necessary in multi-cylinder ignition system to distribute the secondary voltage to each spark plug.
Distributor
A heat sensitive device installed along the flow of coolant. It restricts the flow of coolant depending on water temperature.
Thermostat
A semi solid or non-flowing lubricant used on wheel bearings, universal joints, and shackles.
Grease
Relatively thin, free flowing oil for engines.
Motor oil
Heavier, high viscosity oil for transmission gears and bearings.
Gear oil
Most important quality of lubricating oil
Viscosity
Viscosity number for lubricating oils.
SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers)
Oils with viscosity classification numbers for winter and summer use.
Multi-grade oil (SAE 15W-40)
API stands for?
American Petroleum Institute
ASTM stands for?
American Society for Testing Materials
Oil classification to provide specific quality of oil for different types of engines, various conditions under which engines are operated, and kind and quality of fuel used.
API Engine Oil Service Classification
Chemicals added to oil that improve its lubricating properties.
Oil additives
Non-naturally occurring product made by chemical reaction of two or more simpler chemical compounds.
Synthetic lubricant
The uneven or irregular speed of the engine caused by the governor, quick speed and sudden drop in engine speed.
Governor Hunting
The mechanical injection of each fuel charge into the hot compressed air.
Direct or solid injection
Used on modern high speed automotive diesel engines
CRDI (Common rail direct injection)
Cold weather starting aid. Electrically operated heater placed in the intake manifold or pre-combustion chamber.
Glow plugs
Sum of incremental elongation
True Strain
Property of the material that enables it to resist permanent deformation, penetration, indenction.
Hardness
Property of a material that enables it to be drawn out or elongated to an appreciable extent before rupture occurs.
Ductility
Special case of ductility where it can be rolled into thin sheets.
Malleability
Opposite of ductility. Little deformation before fracture and failure suddenly occurs without any warning.
Brittleness
Property of a material that enables it to resist shock and impact by storing energy.
Resilience
Capacity of a material to absorb energy without fracture.
Toughness
When a member is subjected to a constant load over a long period of time it undergoes a slow permanent deformation, and this is termed as?
Creep
Practice of planting short-term annual crop with long-term annual or biennial crop.
a. Inter-planting
b. Inter-cropping
c. Inter-culture
d. AOTA
a. Inter-planting
Practice of growing more than one crop on the same land in one year.
a. Mixed crop
b. Multiple cropping
c. Inter-cropping
d. NOTA
b. Multiple cropping
Practice of growing two or more crops simultaneously and intermingled with no row arrangement.
a. Mixed cropping
b. Inter cropping
c. Multiple cropping
d. NOTA
a. Mixed cropping
Practice of growing two or more crops in alternate rows.
a. Inter-planting
b. Inter-cropping
c. Inter-culture
d. AOTA
b. Inter-cropping
Practice of cultivating one crop underneath a perennial crop.
a. Inter-planting
b. Inter-cropping
c. Inter-culture
d. AOTA
c. Inter-culture
Mechanical manipulation of soil for any desired purpose
a. Land grading
b. Tillage
c. Earth moving
d. NOTA
b. Tillage
General fragmentation of soil mass resulting from the action of tillage forces.
a. Soil reaction
b. Soil shatter
c. Soil sliding
d. NOTA
b. Soil shatter
Which of the following is not basic to tillage operation?
a. Reduction of volume of the soil
b. Cutting of soil
c. Deformation of soil mass
d. NOTA
d. NOTA
Operation that constitutes the initial major soil working operation.
a. Primary tillage
b. Secondary tillage
c. AOTA
d. NOTA
a. Primary tillage
Operation intended to create refined soil conditions.
a. Primary tillage
b. Secondary tillage
c. AOTA
d. NOTA
b. Secondary tillage
Primary tillage operation includes:
a. pulverizing
b. mulching
c. plowing
d. AOTA
c. plowing
Secondary tillage operation includes:
a. listing
b. subsoiling
c. harrowing
d. AOTA
c. harrowing
Tillage operation traditionally performed in preparing seedbeds for a given crop commonly grown in a given geographical area.
a. Conventional tillage
b. Conservation tillage
c. Strip tillage
d. NOTA
a. Conventional tillage
Primary tillage operation that manipulates the soil to a depth greater than 300 mm.
a. Reservoir tillage
b. Deep tillage
c. Ridge tillage
d. NOTA
b. Deep tillage
Minimum soil manipulation necessary for crop production or for meeting tillage requirements under existing soil condition.
a. No-tillage planting
b. mulch tillage
c. minimum tillage
d. NOTA
c. minimum tillage
Tillage or soil preparation in which plant residues are specifically left on or near the surface.
a. Strip tillage
b. Mulch tillage
c. Optimum tillage
d. NOTA
b. mulch tillage
Tillage system that operates with fewer or lesser energy compared with that of the conventional tillage.
a. minimum tillage
b. no-till tillage
c. reduce tillage
d. AOTA
c. reduce tillage
When 30% or less of the soil surface is tilled, the tillage operation employed is _____.
a. minimum tillage
b. strip tillage
c. ridge tillage
d. AOTA
b. strip tillage
Which of the following affects the energy requirement in tillage operation?
a. type and condition of the soil
b. shape, working depth and speed of the tool
c. AOTA
d. NOTA
c. AOTA
Equipment, which displaces and shatters soil, used to reduce soil strength and to bury or mix plant materials and fertilizes in the tilled layer.
a. Primary tillage equipment
b. Secondary tillage equipment
c. Seeding and planting equipment
d. NOTA
a. Primary tillage equipment
Pushing or rolling of soil by a steeply inclined blade.
a. Bulldozing
b. Chiseling
c. Subsoiling
d. NOTA
a. Bulldozing
Soil-tool reaction in which soil slides along the surface of the tillage tool without significant adhesion.
a. Sliding
b. Scouring
c. Soil cutting
d. NOTA
c. Scouring
Primary or secondary tillage implement used for broadcast or for strip tillage and also used as a chemical incorporator prior to planning.
a. roller tiller
b. roller harrow
c. packer
d. none of the above.
a. roller tiller
Secondary tillage implement consisting of one or two in-line gang rollers used for crushing soil clods and for compacting the soil.
a. roller tiller
b. packer
c. roller harrow
d. NOTA
c. Packer
Tillage and land-forming operation using a tool that splits the soil and turns two furrows laterally in opposite directions, thereby providing a ridge-and-furrow soil configuration.
a. listing
b. harrowing
c. chiseling
d. NOTA
a. listing
Secondary tillage operation which pulverizes, smoothens and packs the soil during seedbed preparation and also controls weeds.
a. Harrowing
b. Listing
c. Chiseling
d. NOTA
a. Harrowing
Deep chiseling, below 16 inches, for the purpose of loosening the soil for root growth and/or for water movement.
a. ridging
b. chiseling
c. subsoiling
d. NOTA
c. subsoiling
Secondary tillage implement used to stir the soil using multiple number of disk blades arranged on a gang.
a. Spike-tooth harrow
b. Disk harrow
c. Disk plow
d. NOTA
b. Disk harrow
Tillage implement which shatters the soil without complete burial or mixing of surface materials.
a. Chisel plow
b. lister plow
c. disk plow
d. NOTA
a. Chisel plow
Primary tillage equipment used for small rice fields.
a. moldboard
b. rotary
c. spiral
d. AOTA
d. AOTA
Tillage implement consisting of two or four gangs of concave disks.
a. Disk plow
b. Disk harrow
c. Cultivator
d. NOTA
b. disk harrow
Primary-tillage plow for rice farming that is attached to the power tiller as a replacement for the cage wheel.
a. rotary
b. spiral
c. disk
d. AOTA
b. Spiral
Tool that cuts plant materials and soil ahead of another tool.
a. Coulter
b. Jointer
c. Injector
d. two of the above.
d. Two of the above (Coulter and Jointer)
Power requirement of a rotary tiller for primary tillage.
a. 50 kW/m
b. 30 kW/m
c. 70 kW/m
d. AOTA
b. 30 kW/m
When a material is to be inserted into the soil, the tillage use is _____.
a. jointer
b. coulter
c. injector
d. AOTA
c. injector
Machine designed for use with small plow or harrow.
a. Puddling-type floating tiller
b. power tiller
c. Hydro tiller
d. AOTA
b. Power tiller
Secondary tillage implement used to stir the soil using multiple number of disk blades arranged on a gang.
a. Spike tooth harrow
b. Disk harrow
c. two of the above
d. NOTA
b. Disk harrow
Hand-operated tractor, which is suitable for both primary and secondary tillage, used when the field has been soaked for at least half a day to soften the soil.
a. Power tiller
b. Puddling-type floating tiller
c. Reaper
d. NOTA
b. Puddling-type floating tiller
Optimum puddler speed for puddling-type floating tiller is _____.
a. 100-150 rpm
b. 200-250 rpm
c. 300-350 rpm
d. NOTA
b. 200-250 rpm
Tillage implement resembling a double moldboard used to make ridges and beds for planting and trenches for irrigation and drainage purposes.
a. Excavator
b. Trencher
c. Furrower
d. AOTA
c. Furrower
Special type walking-tractor with front-mounted tilling wheel and equipped with a floatation structure commonly used in tilling water-logged areas.
a. Float-assisted tiller
b. Puddling-type floating tiller
c. Hydro tiller
d. AOTA
d. AOTA
Device consisting of a single or a pair of wheels with radially-mounted tilling blades attached to a common shaft and supported and powered by the transmission drive of a float-assisted tiller.
a. Drive wheel
b. Tilling wheel
c. Tines
d. AOTA
b. Tilling wheel
Minimum peak transmission efficiency for power tillers.
a. 75%
b. 85%
c. 95%
d. NOTA
b. 85%
The size of the bottom of a furrower is measured from ______.
a. the distance between the plow bottoms.
b. the left and to the right wing of the share of the plow bottom
c. the height of the share tip to the highest tip of the moldboard
b. the left and to the right wing of the share of the plow bottom
Trench left when the plow bottom cuts and turns the furrow slice.
a. furrow
b. furrow crown
c. furrow depth
d. NOTA
a. furrow
Unbroken side of the furrow is called _____.
a. dead furrow
b. furrow wall
c. back furrow
d. NOTA
b. furrow wall
Raise ridge left at the center of the strip of land when plowing is started from center to side.
a. Back furrow
b. Dead furrow
c. Furrow crown
d. NOTA
a. Back furrow
Open trench left between the adjacent strips of land after plowing.
a. Furrow crown
b. Furrow depth
c. Dead furrow
d. None of the above
c. Dead furrow
Depth of plowing for common paddy field.
10 to 15 cm
Depth of cultivated topsoil layer big practiced in modern upland farming
20 cm to 30 cm
In paddy field plowing operation using a four wheel tractor, which of the following is true:
a. Smaller plots are much efficient to plow than larger plots.
b. Larger plots are much efficient to plow than smaller plots.
c. Smaller or larger plots have the same plowing efficiency.
d. None of the above
b. Larger plots are much efficient to plow than smaller plots.
It is a wheel-less cultivator that is used for domestic gardening.
Motor tiller
It is the percentage ratio of the time a machine is effectively operating to the total time the machine is committed to the operation.
Time efficiency
Machine performance is determined by _____________
the rate and quality at which the operations are accomplished
The rate of machine performance is usually expressed in terms of _______.
quantity per unit time
It is the time spent by the machine in the field to replace or renew parts that have become inoperative
Repair time
It is the time used in refueling, lubricating, tightening of chain, etc of the machine.
Maintenance time
Which of the following statement is true?
a. Theoretical field capacity is less than effective field capacity.
b. Effective field capacity is more than effective field capacity.
c. Theoretical field capacity is equal to the effective field capacity.
d. None of the above
d. None of the above
Which of the following statement is true?
a. Field efficiency decreases with the increase in theoretical field capacity.
b. Field efficiency decreases with the increase in effective field capacity.
c. Field efficiency does not increase with the increase in theoretical field
capacity.
d. None of the above
d. None of the above
It is the radius of the circle within which the implement can make its shortest run in the field.
Turning radius
It is the travel of the machine across or around a field from a selected starting point adjacent to the first.
Round
One half of the travel from one end of the field to the other.
Trip
It describes the practice of dividing the field into sub-areas and operating on these sub-areas individually.
Operating in lands
__________ unprocessed area that provide room for making turns.
Turn strips
Field operating pattern where it has a trips that parallel with each other, are
incremented successively by the operating width of the implement, and initiated at
one boundary and terminated at the opposite.
Headland pattern
It describes the operation of the implement operation paralleling each land’s
boundaries and is commonly describes as “going around the field.”
Circuitous pattern
It is sometimes used in processing established row crops and a modification of
continuous pattern.
Alternation pattern
Pattern efficiency of headland pattern in a square field.
93.0%
Which of the following is not a source of energy for farming?
a. Solar energy
b. Wind energy
c. Biomass energy
d. All of the
e. None of the above
e. None of the above
A conventional source of energy.
a. Human power
b. Draft Animal
c. Fossil fuel
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
d. All of the above
A non-conventional sources of energy
a. Biomass
b. Solar
c. Wind
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
d. All of the above
A steam engine is an example of ______________.
an external combustion engine
A constant volume cycle engine
Gasoline engine
A constant pressure cycle
Diesel engine
A fuel commonly used for external combustion engine.
Biomass
An internal combustion engine that produces two power stroke in two revolution
of the crankshaft.
Two-stroke cycle engine
Fuel used for constant volume cycle internal combustion engine.
Gasoline
Fuel used for constant pressure cycle internal combustion engine
Diesel
How many fuel injection pump are there in 4 cylinder four stroke cycle diesel
engine?
1
How many fuel injection pump are there in 4 cylinder four stroke cycle gasoline
engine?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 4
d. None of the above
d. None of the above
Which of the following do belong to crop maintenance equipment?
a. Plow and harrow
b. Weeder
c. Sprayer
d. All of the above
a. Plow and harrow
Compression ring is usually located ____________ .
on top of the oil ring
Engine piston displacement will increase if the ____________ .
a. piston diameter is increased
b. piston stroke is increased
c. All of the above
d. None of the above
c. All of the above
Increasing the engine clearance volume will _____________ .
a. increase the compression ratio
b. decrease the compression ratio
c. have the same compression ratio
d. None of the above
b. decrease the compression ratio
A 16-valve diesel engine usually have ___________ .
a. a single-piston cylinders
b. a six-piston cylinders
c. an eight-piston cylinders
d. None of the above
c. an eight-piston cylinders
Ignition of fuel in a gasoline fuel engine usually starts when the piston is
__________ .
a. at the top dead center
b. moving downward the bottom dead center
c. approaching the top dead center
d. None of the above
c. approaching the top dead center
At the downward stroke of a two-stroke cycle gasoline engine, which of the
following events takes place?
a. Power, Exhaust, and Intake
b. Compression, Exhaust, and Power
c. Compression, Power, and Intake
Power, Exhaust, and Intake
Compression pressure for small gasoline engine.
a. 40 to 70 psi
b. 75 to 125 psi
c. 150 to 410 psi
d. None of the above
75 to 125 psi
A process of providing the engine with additional amount of air and fuel using a
small turbine propelled by engine exhaust gas to increase power by about 30%.
a. Turbo charging
b. Supercharging
c. Air and fuel injecting
d. None of the above
Turbo charging
Which of the following engine requires frequent maintenance?
a. Compression ignition engine
b. Spark-ignition engine
c. Air cooled compression ignition engine
d. All of the above
Spark-ignition engine
The direction of a crawler-type tractor can be maneuvered by __________
a. stopping the engine
b. stopping one of its wheels
c. using the stirring wheel
d. None of the above
stopping one of its wheels
A crawler-type tractor of the same weight provides __________ soil compacting
pressure than wheel type tractor.
a. higher
b. lower
c. the same
d. None of the above
lower
Turbo charging tractor engine will increase the power output approximately by
_____ .
a. 10 – 20 %
b. 20 - 30 %
c. 30 – 40 %
d. None of the above
20 - 30 %
Power implements are usually connected to the ________ of the tractor.
a. wheel axle drive
b. power take-off drive
c. front wheel drive
d. None of the above
b. power take-off drive
Integral mounted implement are usually attached to the tractor through a ______.
a. single point hitch system of the tractor
b. double-hitch system of the tractor
c. three-point hitch system of the tractor
d. None of the above
c. three-point hitch system of the tractor
A semi-integral mounted type implements are usually attached to the tractor
through a _________ .
a. single point hitch system of the tractor
b. double-hitch system of the tractor
c. three-point hitch system of the tractor
d. None of the above
c. three-point hitch system of the tractor
A trailing-type implements are usually attached to the tractor through a
_________ .
a. single point hitch system of the tractor
b. double-hitch system of the tractor
c. three-point hitch system of the tractor
d. None of the above
single point hitch system of the tractor
Seed produced by the Seed Production and Health Division form UP ad certified
100% pure by the Seed Quality Control Services of the Bureau of Plant Industry.
a. Certified Seeds
b. Registered Seeds
c. Foundation Seeds
d. Breeder Seeds
e. None of the above
Breeder Seeds
Seed produced from breeder seeds and distributed to all members of the Seed Net
and selected seed producers in every province for further multiplication.
a. Certified Seeds
b. Registered Seeds
c. Foundation Seeds
d. Breeder Seeds
e. None of the above
Foundation Seeds
Seed produced from Foundation Seed and being distributed to all accredited seed
producers for mass production.
a. Certified Seeds
b. Registered Seeds
c. Foundation Seeds
d. Breeder Seeds
e. None of the above
b. Registered Seeds
Seed produced from the Registered Seed by accredited seed producers and
distributed to farmers for commercial production.
a. Certified Seeds
b. Registered Seeds
c. Foundation Seeds
d. Breeder Seeds
e. None of the above
a. Certified Seeds
Machine operation in which there are two or more machines performing their own
respective operation in sequence.
a. Individual operation
b. Parallel operation
c. Series operation
d. None of the above
c. Series operation
Machine operation in which one or more similar machines are operated as one
unit.
a. Individual operation
b. Parallel operation
c. Series operation
d. None of the above
a. Individual operation
It is the amount paid for hiring equipment and operator services to perform a
certain task.
a. Machine fixed cost
b. Machine variable cost
c. Machine custom cost
d. None of the above
c. Machine custom cost
It is the useful service life of the machine before it becomes unprofitable for its
original purpose due to obsolescence or wear.
a. Machine economic life
b. Machine life span
c. Machine service life
d. None of the above
a. Machine economic life
A kilogram fuel consumed by an engine per hr per amount of brake power is the
_______.
a. fuel consumption rate
b. specific fuel consumption rate
c. specific fuel
d. None of the above
b. specific fuel consumption rate
A tractor type designed for operation with advantage under trees.
a. Standard tractor
b. All-purpose row crop tractor
c. Orchard tractor
d. All of the above
c. Orchard tractor
Tractor size is determined by _______________________.
a. weight, horsepower, and size and number of wheels
b. implement capacity, weight, and size and number of wheels
c. weight, horsepower, and implement capacity
d. All of the above
c. weight, horsepower, and implement capacity
Which of the following is not driven by PTO shaft?
a. Rotary tiller
b. Power harrow
c. Moldboard plow
d. All of the above
c. Moldboard plow
A three-bottom disc plow is to be connected to a tractor, what tractor hitch system
would your recommend for the plow?
a. Drawn bar hitch type
b. Semi-mounted type
c. Direct mounted type
d. None of the above
c. Direct mounted type
It is a circular flat tool placed ahead of a plow used to cut plant material and soil.
a. Jointer
b. Pinion plow
c. Coulter
d. None of the above
c. Coulter
It is the minimum vertical distance between the soil surface and a potentially
obstructing machine element.
a. Vertical clearance
b. Machine height
c. Ground clearance
d. All of the above
c. Ground clearance
Angle in vertical plane perpendicular to the direction of travel between the tool
axis and the soil surface.
a. Tilt angle
b. Side angle
c. Lift angle
d. None of the above
a. Tilt angle
Angle in the soil surface plane perpendicular to the direction of travel between the
tool axis and the line which is perpendicular to the direction of travel.
a. Tilt angle
b. Side angle
c. Lift angle
d. None of the above
b. Side angle
Angle in vertical plane parallel to the direction of travel between a tool axis and
the soil surface.
a. Tilt angle
b. Side angle
c. Lift angle
d. None of the above
c. Lift angle
A trench left when the plow bottom cuts and turns the furrow slice.
a. Back furrow
b. Dead furrow
c. Furrow
d. All of the above
c. Furrow
A raised ridge left at the center of the strip of land when plowing started center to
center.
a. Back furrow
b. Dead furrow
c. Furrow
d. All of the above
a. Back furrow
An open trench left between the adjacent strips of land after finishing the plowing
operation.
a. Back furrow
b. Dead furrow
c. Furrow
d. All of the above
b. Dead furrow
It is the peak of the turned furrow slice.
a. Furrow crown
b. Furrow slice
c. Furrow wall
d. None of the above
a. Furrow crown
A soil mass cut, lifted , pulverized, inverted, and thrown to one side of the plow
bottom.
a. Furrow crown
b. Furrow slice
c. Furrow wall
d. None of the above
b. Furrow slice
It is the undisturbed or broken side of the furrow.
a. Furrow crown
b. Furrow slice
c. Furrow wall
d. None of the above
c. Furrow wall
It refers to the arrangement of soil particles in the soil layer.
a. Soil texture
b. Soil structure
c. Soil moisture
d. All of the above
b. Soil structure
It refers to the relative proportion of the soil separates in a given soil.
a. Soil texture
b. Soil structure
c. Soil moisture
d. All of the above
a. Soil texture
Which of the following do not belong to seeder parts.
a. Furrow opener
b. Metering device
c. Covering device
d. Seed tube
e. None of the above
f. All of the above
e. None of the above
Which of the following statement is true?
a. The velocity of the flat belt of a reaper is faster than its forward velocity.
b. The velocity of the flat belt of a reaper is slower than its forward velocity.
c. The velocity of the flat belt of a reaper is the same with the forward
velocity.
d. None of the above
e. all of the above
The velocity of the flat belt of a reaper is faster than its forward velocity.
Which of the following statement is true?
a. The velocity of the knife of a reaper is faster than its forward velocity.
b. The velocity of the knife of a reaper is slower than its forward velocity.
c. The velocity of the knife of a reaper is the same with the forward velocity.
d. None of the above
a. The velocity of the knife of a reaper is faster than its forward velocity.
The difference between a stripper and a reaper is that __________________.
a. the stripper cuts the panicle during harvesting
b. the reaper detach the grain during harvesting
c. the stripper detach the grains while the reaper cuts the panicle during
harvesting
d. None of the above
c. the stripper detach the grains while the reaper cuts the panicle during
harvesting
A drum seeder is highly suitable for rice seeds that was _______________ .
a. freshly stored before planting
b. pre-germinated before planting
c. milled before planting
d. All of the above
b. pre-germinated before planting
During seeding and planting, which of the crop production activities is
simultaneously in operation?
a. Weeding
b. Irrigating
c. Fertilizing
d. Spraying
e. None of the above
c. Fertilizing
The metering device of a seeder basically is used to uniformly feed the seed into
the _______________ .
a. covering device
b. seed tube
c. furrow opener
d. None of the above
b. seed tube
Part of a rice transplanter that places the seedlings into the prepared paddy field.
a. Feed tray
b. Picker
c. Handle
d. None of the above
b. Picker
If you are an engineer to mechanize a lowland rice farm that is usually flooded,
what primary tillage implement would you recommend?
a. Spiral-type tiller
b. Disc-type tiller
c. Puddling-type tiller
d. None of the above
c. Puddling-type tiller
Which of the following primary tillage equipment for small rice farm with higher
field capacity?
a. Disc plow
b. Spiral plow
c. Puddling-type tiller
d. Comb harrow
e. None of the above
c. Puddling-type tiller
Heavy-duty type power tiller basically consists of _______ axles?
a. single
b. double
c. triple
d. None of the above
b. double
A type of disk harrow that is not directly parallel in position with the tractor
during operation.
a. Single action disk harrow
b. Double action disk harrow
c. Offset disk harrow
d. All of the above
c. Offset disk harrow
The power that is required in pulling an implement.
a. Brake horsepower
b. Drawbar horsepower
c. Power takeoff horsepower
d. All of the above
b. Drawbar horsepower
The power that is required in driving a pump shaft.
a. Brake horsepower
b. Drawbar horsepower
c. Power takeoff horsepower
d. All of the above
a. Brake horsepower
The power required in driving power harrows, rotary tiller, and other related
equipment.
a. Brake horsepower
b. Drawbar horsepower
c. Power takeoff horsepower
d. All of the above
c. Power takeoff horsepower
Variables affecting the drawbar horsepower::
a. Implement speed and width
b. Implement width and pulling force
c. Implement pulling force and speed
d. None of the above
c. Implement pulling force and speed
PS is a German acronym for ________________ .
a. Pferdestark
b. Pferdstark
c. Pferdestarke
d. None of the above
c. Pferdestarke
cv is a French acronym for ____________ .
a. Cheval-vapeur
b. Chevapeur
c. Chevalvapour
d. None of the abov
a. Cheval-vapeur
pk is Dutch acronym for ____________ .
a. Paardekracht
b. Pardkract
c. Padkracht
d. None of the above
a. Paardekracht
1 PS is equal to _________ watts
a. 735.49
b. 740.12
c. 760.00
d. None of the above
a. 735.49
1 pk is equal to ____________ watts
a. 735.49
b. 740.12
c. 760.00
d. None of the above
a. 735.49
1 cv is equal to _________ watts
a. 735.50
b. 740.12
c. 760.00
d. None of the above
a. 735.50
A farm is planed be planted with corn at a spacing of 30 cm x 60 cm. As
engineer in-charge of the mechanization program of the farm which of the
following equipment would you recommend?
a. Drill
b. Row Crop Planter
c. Broadcaster
d. None of the above
b. Row Crop Planter
Which of the following are the basic functions of a seeder and planter?
a. Open the seed furrow
b. Meter the seeds
c. Deposit the seeds
d. Cover the seeds
e. None of the above
f. All of the above
f. All of the above
Instrument for measuring the speed of a shaft.
a. Odometer
b. Anemometer
c. Tachometer
d. All of the above
c. Tachometer
Instrument for measuring low-pressure head.
a. Dial type pressure gauge
b. Manometer
c. Orifice
d. None of the above
b. Manometer
Instrument for measuring furnace temperature.
a. Glass bulb thermometer
b. Dial type bimetallic thermometer
c. Thermocouple wire thermometer
d. All of the above
c. Thermocouple wire thermometer
It is a set of concave discs.
a. Gang
b. Disc set
c. Disc frame
d. None of the above
a. Gang
It is a set of sprinkler nozzles.
a. Boom
b. Sprinkler laterals
c. Sprayer nozzle set
d. None of the above
a. Boom
A central part of a plow where the share, moldboard, and landside are attached.
a. Frame
b. Frog
c. Shank
d. None of the above
b. Frog
It is an auxiliary plow-working element, mounted above the shin which deposits
the upper edge of the furrow in the furrow bottom.
a. Tail piece
b. Thrash board
c. Coulter
d. None of the above
b. Thrash board
The size of a moldboard plow is determined ________________ .
a. from the wing of the share to the landside
b. from tip of the moldboard to the landside
c. from the top of the moldboard to the point of the share
d. None of the above
a. from the wing of the share to the landside
Component parts of a seeder that is used to calibrate the seed metering device.
a. Furrow wheel
b. Ground wheel
c. Support wheel
d. All of the above
b. Ground wheel
It is a part of the plow that connects the plow bottom and the frame.
a. Upper hitch point
b. Boom
c. Shank
d. None of the above
c. Shank
A six-bottom moldboard plow is to be used to plow a heavy soil. How many
scrapers are there in the plow?
a. 2
b. 4
c. 6
d. None of the above
d. None of the above
Material recommended by PAES for use as implement frame.
a. Mild steel
b. Cold rolled steel
c. Spring steel
d. None of the above
a. Mild steel
Material recommended by PAES in the manufacture of disk blade.
a. Mild steel
b. Carbon steel
c. Cast iron
d. None of the above
b. Carbon steel
When a disk harrow consists of a front and rear gangs and is centrally positioned
with the tractor, it is classified as _________ ?
a. Single action harrow
b. Double action harrow
c. Offset harrow
d. None of the above
b. Double action harrow
When a disk harrow consists of a front gangs only and is centrally positioned with
the tractor, it is classified as _________ ?
a. Single action harrow
b. Double action harrow
c. Offset harrow
d. None of the above
a. Single action harrow
When a disk harrow consists of a front and/or rear gangs and is not centrally
positioned with the tractor, it is classified as _________ ?
a. Single action harrow
b. Double action harrow
c. Offset harrow
d. None of the above
c. Offset harrow
It is the traverse distance between two adjacent discs.
a. Disk distance
b. Disk clearance
c. Disk spacing
d. None of the above
c. Disk spacing
The angle between the axis of the set of disks and the line perpendicular to the
direction of the implement.
a. Disk angle
b. Gang angle
c. Implement angle
d. None of the above
b. Gang angle
It is a self-propelled machine having a single axle designed primarily to pull and
propel trailed or mounted agricultural implement and machinery.
a. Walking-type tractor
b. Pedestrian tractor
c. Hand tractor
d. None of the above
e. All of the above
e. All of the above
Warranty period for hand tractor from the purchase of the machine.
a. 4 months
b. 6 months
c. 12 months
d. All of the above
b. 6 months
Engine cooling method.
a. air cooled
b. water cooled
c. air and water cooled
d. None of the above
e. All of the above
e. All of the above
Engine whose piston that requires two movements to complete one cycle.
a. Single-cycle
b. Two-cycle
c. Four-cycle
d. None of the above
d. None of the above (two-stroke engine)
An engine valve arrangement wherein the intake and exhaust valves are located in
the cylinder head.
a. I - head arrangement
b. L- head arrangement
c. X- head arrangement
d. None of the above
a. I - head arrangement
An engine valve arrangement wherein the intake and exhaust valves are located
on one side of the cylinder block.
a. I - head arrangement
b. L- head arrangement
c. X- head arrangement
d. None of the above
b. L- head arrangement
Percentage engine output to be attained when testing based on the maximum rated
power output.
a. 60%
b. 80%
c. 100%
d. All of the above
b. 80%
Basic hand tools for engine maintenance:
a. Open wrench
b. Adjustable wrench
c. Screw driver (Philip and Flat)
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
d. All of the above
It is an articulated connection between a link and the implement.
a. Hitch point
b. Link point
c. Implement point
d. All of the above
a. Hitch point
It is an articulated connection between a link and the tractor.
a. Hitch point
b. Link point
c. Implement point
d. All of the above
b. Link point
It is the center to center distance between two front or rear wheels.
a. Wheel clearance
b. Wheel tread
c. Wheel distance
d. None of the above
b. Wheel tread
A type of four-wheel tractor where power is transmitted to all wheels of the tractor.
a. Two-wheel drive tractor
b. Four-wheel drive tractor
c. Hydraulic drive tractor
d. None of the above
b. Four-wheel drive tractor
A type of four-wheel tractor where power is transmitted to rear wheels with small
front wheels being pushed along.
a. Two-wheel drive tractor
b. Four-wheel drive tractor
c. Hydraulic drive tractor
d. None of the above
a. Two-wheel drive tractor
Auxiliary gear shift lever of a tractor is usually located at the ____________.
a. right side of the operator seat
b. left side of the operator seat
c. front of the operator seat
d. None of the above
a. right side of the operator seat
Hydraulic control level of a tractor are usually located at the ____________ .
a. right side of the operator seat
b. left side of the operator seat
c. front of the operator seat
d. None of the above
b. left side of the operator seat
Drawbar types:
a. Fixed drawbar
b. Swinging drawbar
c. Link drawbar
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
d. All of the above
PAES recommended thickness of drawbar for four-wheel agricultural tractor.
a. Not more than 32 mm
b. 32 mm
c. More than 32 mm
d. None of the above
a. Not more than 32 mm
PAES recommended diameter of hole in the drawbar for four-wheel agricultural
tractor.
a. 30 mm
b. 33 mm
c. 36 mm
d. None of the above
b. 33 mm
Front tread of four-wheel agricultural tractor is usually adjusted by ______ .
a. changing bolt position of the front axle
b. changing the size of wheel
c. changing the front axle
d. None of the above
a. changing bolt position of the front axle
The rear wheel for two-wheel and four wheel drive tractors are adjusted by
_____ .
a. inverting the wheel disc
b. changing the rear axle
c. changing the position of the bolt of the rear axle
d. None of the above
a. inverting the wheel disc
Types of brake system for agricultural tractors:
a. Internal expansion type
b. External expansion type
c. Disk type
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
d. All of the above
Acceptable level wheel slip for two-wheel drive tractor on a firm soil.
a. 7 - 11%
b. 10 - 15%
c. 16 - 20%
d. None of the above
a. 7 - 11%
Acceptable level wheel slip for two-wheel drive tractor on a tilled or soft soil.
a. 7 - 11%
b. 10 - 15%
c. 16 - 20%
d. None of the above
b. 10 - 15%
It is a single or pair of wheels with radially mounted tilling blades attached to a
common shaft or axle of a puddling-type floating tiller.
a. Cage wheel
b. Tilling wheel
c. Hydro wheel
d. None of the above
b. Tilling wheel
Common designs of floatation structure for puddling-type floating tiller.
a. Elliptical-shaped
b. Boat type
c. Saucer type
d. Pontoon type
e. All of the above
f. None of the above
e. All of the above
Another term for puddling-type floating tiller
a. Rotary tiller
b. Float-assist tiller
c. Garden tiller
d. None of the above
b. Float-assist tiller
Manufacturer’ specification for float assisted tiller field capacity based on PAES
Standard.
a. 1.0 to 2.5 kph
b. 2.5 to 4.0 kph
c. 4.0 to 6.5 kph
d. None of the above
b. 2.5 to 4.0 kph
Recommended chain and sprocket drive for tractor powered by 3.73 to 5.22 kW
gasoline engine.
a. ANSI chain number 50
b. ANSI chain number 60
c. ANSI chain number 70
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
a. ANSI chain number 50
Recommended chain and sprocket drive for tractor powered by 5.22 kW and
above gasoline engine.
a. ANSI chain number 50
b. ANSI chain number 60
c. ANSI chain number 70
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
b. ANSI chain number 60
When heat alone is used to melt and flow metal together, the process is know as
_______.
a. Soldering
b. Pressure welding
c. Fusion Welding
d. None of the above
c. Fusion Welding
The most common form of gas welding uses the gases _______ .
a. Acetylene and air
b. Acetylene and hydrogen
c. Acetylene and oxygen
d. All of the above
c. Acetylene and oxygen
Welding by heating and then forcing the pieces together is called ______ .
a. Fusion welding
b. Pressure welding
c. Inertia Welding
d. All of the above
b. Pressure welding
Spot welding is a form of welding known as ________ .
a. Flow welding
b. Resistance welding
c. Forge welding
d. None of the above
b. Resistance welding
The metal that is melted from a piece being joined is called the _________ .
a. Filler metal
b. Weld metal
c. Base metal
d. None of the above
a. Filler metal
A form of resistance welding used for welding sheet metal is ________ .
a. Arc welding
b. Gas welding
c. Spot Welding
d. None of the above
c. Spot Welding
The size of screw driver is measured by ___________ .
a. the length of the blade
b. its overall length
c. its diameter
d. None of the above
a. the length of the blade
What type of fastener is used to fasten a metal part to wood?
a. Machine bolt
b. Lag screw
c. Carriage bolt
d. None of the above
c. Carriage bolt
What property of metal refers to its ability to resist penetration?
a. Hardness
b. Toughness
c. Strength
d. All of the above
a. Hardness
Metals high in weldability are usually high in __________ .
a. Fusibility
b. Malleability
c. Ductility
d. All of the above
a. Fusibility
Ferrous metals are metals that contain __________ .
a. Copper
b. Aluminum
c. Iron
d. All of the above
c. Iron
