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Oral Pathology > Soft Tissue Tumors > Flashcards

Soft Tissue Tumors Flashcards

1
Q

irritation / traumatic fibroma

A

most common “tumor” of the oral cavity

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2
Q

common locations of irritation / traumatic fibroma

A

buccal mucosa > labial mucosa, tongue, gingiva

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3
Q

etiology of irritation / traumatic fibroma

A

happens along lines that teeth contact soft tissue

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4
Q

clinical features of giant cell fibroma

A

-not associated with trauma or irritation
-asymptomatic, sessile, or pedunculate nodules
-younger age than fibroma (50% less than 30)

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5
Q

location of giant cell fibroma

A

-mandibular gingiva, tongue, palate
-papillar surface common

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6
Q

microscopic appearance of giant cell fibroma

A

-thin, atrophic epithelium
-loose fibrous CT
-large multinuclear stellate fibroblasts

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7
Q

retrocuspid papilla

A

anatomical structure, part of normal oral anatomy!

resembles giant cell fibroma histopathologically

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8
Q

location of retrocuspid papilla

A

-common (25-99%) in children and adolescents
-only 6-19% of adults

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9
Q

histology of retrocuspid papilla

A

resembles giant cell fibroma histopathologically

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10
Q

epulis fissuratum (other names)

A

inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia
denture injury tumor
denture epulis
denture granuloma

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11
Q

etiology of epulis fissuratum

A

associated with the flange of an ill fitting denture

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12
Q

demographics of epulis fissuratum

A

-middle aged or older adults
-maxilla = mandible
-anterior&raquo_space; posterior
-F&raquo_space; M (2-3:1)

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13
Q

clinical appearance of epulis fissuratum

A

-single or multiple folds in vestibular tissue (usually labial or buccal)
-denture flange fits in between the folds
-variable inflammation and ulceration
-variable size
-chronic inflammation and ulceration (due to chronic trauma)
-occasional osseous and chrondromatous metaplasia

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14
Q

management of epulis fissuratum

A

surgical removal
denture reline / remake
good prongosis

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15
Q

another name ofr inflammatory papillary hyperplasia

A

denture papillomatosis

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16
Q

location of inflammatory papillary hyperplasia

A

-multiple papillary growths on hard palate
-usually asymptomatic

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17
Q

etiology of inflammatory papillary hyperplasia

A

-ill fitting denture
-poor denture hygiene (contsant wear)
-mouth breathing

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18
Q

treatment of inflammatory papillary hyperplasia

A
  1. surgical excision
  2. denture reline
  3. leave denture out at night
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19
Q

3 Ps of benign gingival mass

A

periperal ossifying fibroma
peripheral giant cell granuloma
pyogenic granuloma

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20
Q

clinical features of peripheral ossifying fibroma

A

-thought to arise form the PDL
-gingival growth, young adults, anterior jaws, females, often ulcerated

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21
Q

histopathological features of peripheral ossifying fibroma

A

spindle cell proliferation with variable calcificaitons

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22
Q

treatment of peripheral ossifying fibroma

A
  1. excision, removal of local irritants
  2. full thickness flap to remove
23
Q

rate of recurrence of peripheral ossifying fibroma

A

15%

24
Q

clinical features of peripheral giant cell granuloma

A
  1. alveolar or gingival mass, adults (40-50)
  2. blush-red mass, may be ulcerated, may cause “cupping” of ulderlying bone
  3. soft consistencly
  4. arise from PDL space
25
Q

histopathological features of perihperal giant cell granuloma

A
  1. abundant multinucleate giant cells
    2.marked hemorrhages -> hemosiderin
  2. acute and chronic inflammation
  3. occasional reactive bone or dystrophic calcification
26
Q

treatment of peripheral giant cell granuloma

A
  1. local surgical excision
  2. aggressive SRP
27
Q

rate of recurrence of peripheral giant cell granuloma

A

10-18%

28
Q

clinical features of pyogenic granuloma

A
  1. rapidly growing, painless, reddish mass
  2. children and young adults
  3. any body surface; bleeds easily
  4. gingiva, lipds, tongue
  5. frequently during prengancy
29
Q

histopathological features of pyogenic granuloma

A

granulation tissue

30
Q

treatment of pyogenic granuloma

A

excise
remove irritants

31
Q

rate of recurrence of pyogenic granuloma

A

15%

32
Q

lipoma

A

benign tumor of adipose (fatty tissue)

33
Q

features of lipoma

A
  1. adult patients
  2. slow growing, non-tender, soft, doughy, usually encapsulated
  3. common in head and neck; occassionally found intraorally
  4. yellow if clsoe to the surface
  5. tend to float in formalin
  6. demarcated or encapsulated collection of mature fat cells
34
Q

treatment of lipoma

A

excisional biopsy
no recurrence

35
Q

traumatic neuroma

A

uncommon reaction to sectioning of a nerve (amputation neuroma)

36
Q

clinical features of traumatic neuroma

A
  1. smooth surfaced, dome shaped papules, usually less than 1cm
  2. tongue, buccal vestibule (mental foramen region common affected)
  3. may be tender on palpation
37
Q

histology of traumatic neuroma

A
  1. microscopically, a tangled mass of peripheral nerve fibers is seen
  2. usually set in a collagenous background
38
Q

management of traumatic neuroma

A

surgical excision

-lack of sensation in supplied areas
-revent resurrected ends from meeting

39
Q

neurilemmoma / schwannoma

A

benign tumor of schwann cell origin (myelin)

40
Q

clinical features of neurilemoma

A
  1. most identified in adults
  2. slow growing, solitary, encapsulated, fubbery-firm, nontender mass
  3. 25-48% in head and neck including oral cavity
  4. lips, tongue, buccal mucosa
  5. may be seen within the mandible
41
Q

histology of neurilemoma

A
  1. well developed connective tissue capsule
  2. benign proliferaiton of spindle shaped schwann cells
  3. antoni a and antoni B patterns seen
42
Q

management and prognosis of neurilemoma

A

conservative exision

43
Q

neurofirboma

A

benign tumor of neural fibroblast origin

-over 90% are solitary; remainder are multiple and associated with neurofibromatosis
-soft dome shaped nontender superficial nodule affecting skin or mucosa
-demarcated but encapsulated

44
Q

neurofibromatosis

A

one of the most common autosomal genetic problems that affect humans

-approximatley half are transmitted as autosomal dominant trait; other half appear to be new mutations

45
Q

clinical features of neurofibromatosis

A

-highly variable gene expression
-variety of manifestations, both cutaneous and oral
-skin lesions
-lisch nodules (benign pigmented nodule of iris)
-oral lesions consist of neurofbiromas that may affect the tongue, gingiva, or bone
-multiple comorbidities

46
Q

skin lesiosn of neurofibromatosis

A

cafe aulait spots
multiple neurofibromas
axillary freckinling (crowe sign)

47
Q

lisch nodules

A

benign pigmented nodules of iris

48
Q

comorbidities of neurofibromatosis

A

hypertension
CNS tumors
macrocephaly
mental defect
seizures

49
Q

malignant transformation of neurofibromatosis

A

-treatment consist of removing traumatized neurofibromas or disfiguring lesions
-genetic counseling
-decreased longevity
-follow for potential malignant transofmraiotn
-potential to beome malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor

50
Q

MEN

A

multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes

51
Q

MEN1

A

parathyroid, pancreatic tumors, phaeochromocytoma, pituitary tumors

-ajority of tumors in people with MEN1 are benign
-however, approximatley 1/3 pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors and mediastinal neuroendocrine tumors are malignant
-all benign tumors

52
Q

MEN2a

A

men1 and medullary carcinoma of thyroid

53
Q

MEN2b

A

men 2a and neuromas

54
Q

features of type 2b

A

autosomal dominant

Oral Pathology (14 decks)

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