Soft Tissue Infections Flashcards
What is the species name of Grp A strep?
Str. pyogenes
What are the three techniques neutrophils use to kill pathogens?
Phagocytosis
Release of toxic mediators
NETs
What are the major gram positive bacteria that colonise the skin?
Staph epidermidis
Staph aurea
Diptheroids
Streptococci
What type of bacteria is Clostridia?
Gram + rods
Anaerobes
Spore-forming
What are the bacterial causes of impetigo?
Staph aureus
GAS (beta haemolytic)
How do you treat gas gangrene?
Surgery + penicillin G +/- hyperbaric O2
What is eczema herpeticum?
A primary herpes infection in patients with eczema
What is the species name of grp B strep?
Str. agalactiae
What do you treat diabetic foot infections with?
Co-amoxyclav and metronidazole
What is impetigo?
A spreading infection of the epidermis
What is the most common cause of folliculitis and abscess?
Staph aureus
What does saprophyticus predominantly infect?
Urinary Tract
What are the predominant bacterial causes of skin infections?
Staph aureus
Strep. pyogenes
clostridia
What pathogens has M-protein?
Grp A strep (pyogenes
How do you treat abscesses?
Drain them
Consider oral antibiotics
How does GAS cause damaged?
Cytolethal toxins and enzymes
Superantigens
Activation of autoimmunity
Why is S. aureus such a successful skin pathogen?
It has a plethera of virulence factors that allows it to avoid the neutrophil response
What is folliculitis?
Infection of hair follicle
What biochemical factor is characteristic of S. aureus?
It is coagulase positive
What do you treat impetigo and cellulitis with?
Flucloxacillin or dicloxacillin
What are two type of localised bacterial infections?
Folliculitis
Abscess
What is the difference between erysipelas and cellulitis?
Cellulitis has a similar presentation but also involves subcutaneous fat
What is erysipelas?
Rapidly spreading superficial erythematous infection with well-defined borders, plus pain and fever
What 2 types of fungi cause skin and soft tissue infections?
Dermatophytes
Yeasts
What is CHIPS?
Virulence factor that blocks complement receptor to inhibit chemotaxis
What are the different ways in which impetigo can present?
Bullous
Crusted
Pustular lesions
