Pain Therapeutics Flashcards
Channelopathy-associated insensitivity to pain is a disorder of which receptor?
Nav1.7
What is contraindicated in labour pain? What is used instead?
Opioids - cause fetal resp depression
Inhalational of NO
When is gabapentin administered?
Prior and after surgery
What type of drug is lamotrigine?
An antiepileptic drug
A deficiency of which enzyme causes an inability to convert codeine to morphine?
CYP2D6
What is the advantage of multimodal pain management?
Target multiple receptors - peripheral and central
Synergistic analgesic effect
Reduce opioid requirement
Where does amitryptilline act?
At the spinal cord level
Which mediators make up the inflammatory soup?
Bradykinin
Serotonin
Histamine
Prostaglandins
Cytokines
What is the mechanism of action for opioids?
Act pre-synaptically to decrease neurotransmitter release
And post-synaptically to hyperpolarise dorsal root neurons
What is the mechanism of action of gabapentin?
Binds to N type-voltaged calcium channel receptors to antagonise the transmission of pain
What are the long-term changes that occur in peripheral sensitization?
Increasep production of receptors, ion channels and neurotransmitters
What are the three types of pain?
Nociceptive
Inflammatory
Neuropathic
What is multimodal analgesia?
The use of smaller doses of opioids in combination with non-opioid analgesic drugs
What happens when the periacqueductal grey matter is stimulated?
Profound analgesia
What are some side effects of opioids?
Ventilatory depression
Drowsiness and sedation
Postoperative nausea and vomiting
Constipation
