Pathophysiology of Lymph Nodes Flashcards
Is the B cell area in the outer or inner cortex of the LN?
Outer
What is the mantle zone?
Area of unstimulated B cells around a germinal centre
Where do B cells complete their maturation into plasma cells?
Medullary cords
Reed-Sternberg cells are characteristic of which disease?
Hodgkin lymphoma
Where do afferent lymphatics enter the LN?
Through the capsule
CD20 is a marker for which cell type?
B cells
Where do efferent lymphatics leave the LN?
The hilum
What is the name of the acute lymphadenopathy seen commonly in microbial infection?
Acute non-specific lymphadenitis
What are the major differences between lymphoma and leukaemia?
Lymphoma are discrete masses in tissue while leukaemia generally has more blood involvement
When do you get paracortical lymphadenopathy?
From stimuli that activate cellular immune responses eg viral infections, certain drugs
When is lymphadenopathy painful?
When there is rapid expansion of the LNs due to oedema and rapid cell infiltration
In general, what are the morphological differences between acute and chronic leukaemia?
Acute cells generally show features of blasts
Chronic show features of cells further along the differentiation pathway
What are the medullary cords?
Extension of the T cell area into the medulla
What is a LN primary follicle?
A unstimulated B cell area
What are stimulated B cell areas called?
Germinal centre
How big must lymph nodes be for there to be concern?
>1-2cm
What are some causes of primary tumours lymphadenopathy?
Hodgkin lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma
What are the two main groups of lymphoma?
Hodgkin lymphoma
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
When do you get follicular hyperplasia lymphadenopathy?
From stimuli that activate humoral immune responses eg autoimmune, microbial infection
What is the name of the T cell area in the LN?
Paracortex
What maintains EBV latency in B cells?
T cell response
Which vessel carries T cells into the LN?
High endothelial venuoles
What are some major risk factors for lymphoma?
Immunosuppression or immunodeficiency
Some autoimmune diseease
EBV, H. pylori other infectious agents
Environmental
