Soft Tissue Diseases

Question 1

Name four common musculoskeletal disorders.

Answer 1

Back pain, inflammatory disorders, osteoarthritis and soft tissue disorders

Question 2

Name four causes of soft tissue pain in the wrist/hand/

Answer 2

• De Quervains tenosynovitis
• Trigger finger
• Carpal tunnel syndrome
• Dupuytren’s contracture

Question 3

What is De Quervains tenosynovitis?

Answer 3

Inflammation of tendons on the side of the wrist at the base of the thumb. These tendons include the extensor pollicis brevis and the abductor pollicis longus tendons, which extend the joints of the thumb

Question 4

What is trigger finger?

Answer 4

A defect in a tendon causing a finger to jerk or snap straight when the hand is extended.

Question 5

What is carpal tunnel syndrome?

Answer 5

Compression of the median nerve as it travels through the wrist at the carpal tunnel leading to hand of benediction

Question 6

What conditions is carpal tunnel syndrome associated with?

Answer 6

Hypothyroidism, rheumatoid arthritis, pregnancy, acromegaly, amyloidosis and excessive computer use

Question 7

What is Dupuytren’s contracture?

Answer 7

Where there is fibrosis of the palmar aponeurosis. It is more common in men, heavy drinkers, smokers and diabetics.

Question 8

Where pain be referred if there is an issue with the neck?

Answer 8

In the lower arm and forearm

Question 9

Where may pain be referred if there is glenohumeral, subacromial or rotator cuff issues?

Answer 9

Pain in the top of the shoulder

Question 10

Name four conditions that could cause pain at the elbow

Answer 10

Referred pain from neck, epicondylitis bursitis, articular damage (trauma/osteoarthritis) and tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis)

Question 11

What may cause rashes and swellings over the extensor surface of the forearm?

Answer 11

Olecranon bursitis or rhueumatoid nodules

Question 12

Name five causes for pain in the shoulder

Answer 12

Rotator cuff tendonitis
Bicipital tendonitis
Frozen shoulder
Subacromial bursitis
Degenerative arthritis in AC joint

Question 13

How would rotator cuff tendinitis present?

Answer 13

Painful arc on active and resisted abduction

Question 14

How would rotator cuff tendinitis be treated?

Answer 14

With physiotherapy and steroid injection

Question 15

What issues may lead to referred pain at the hip?

Answer 15

Pelvis issues, spinal issues or meralgia paraesthetica (numbness in outer thigh due to injury to lateral cutaneous nerve)

Question 16

Name three causes for hip pain

Answer 16

Referred pain, articular pain (OA, RA etc.) and peri-articular pain (bursitis and bone disease etc.)

Question 17

What is a frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis)?

Answer 17

It’s where there is fibrosis of tissue around the shoulder joint which leads to restriction of movements.

Question 18

What is tennis elbow?

Answer 18

It’s lateral epicondylitis

Question 19

What is plantar fascitis?

Answer 19

Irritation of the plantar aponeurosis

Question 20

What is a march fracture?

Answer 20

A fracture of the distal third of one of the metatarsals usually occurring due to recurrent stress

Question 21

What is a Morton’s neuroma?

Answer 21

A benign neuroma of an intermetatarsal plantar nerve, most commonly of the second and third intermetatarsal spaces, which results in the entrapment of the affected nerve

Question 22

What is meralgia paraesthetica?

Answer 22

Numbness or pain in the outer thigh not caused by injury to the thigh, but by injury to the lateral cutaneous nerve that extends from the spinal column to the thigh