Socialism key thinkers Flashcards
Karl Marx background
- Born in Treir Germay
- Studied law and philosphy
- Married Jenny von and became stateless due to his political publications and lived in exile with his wife and children in london before he continued to develop his though with frejrick engels
Published his writings researching in the reading room of the British Museum
Karl Marx Key works
Fredrich Engles background
Marx view of capitalism
Impact of capitalism on human nature
Impact of classess society on human nature
Marx Key ideas
Social class is central to socialims
Human nature is socially determined and can only be expressed undr communism
Marx Historical Materliams
Marx Dialetic
Marx Class consciousness
Marx view of revolution
Marx Key quotes
Beatrice Webb background
Beatrice Webb key ideas
The inevitability of gradualness establising socialism peacefully by passing democratic reforms through existing parliamentary instituions
The expansion of the state will deliver socialism
Beatrice Webb key works
Beatrice Webb view of marxism
Beatrice Webb “the inevitability of gradualism”
Beatrice Webbs view of capitalism
Beatrice Webb fabian society
BW view on human nature + working classes
BW Role of the state
BW KEY QUOTE - ,“to secure a national minimum of civilised life … open to all alike, of both sexes and all classes, by which we meant sufficient nourishment and training when young, a living wage when able-bodied, treatment when sick, and modest but secure livelihood when disabled or aged”. What did she mean by this?
BW KEY QUOTE - “Nature still obstinately refuses to co-operate by making the rich people innately superior to the poor people”
BW KEY QUOTE - “The inevitability of gradualism”
Rosa Luxemburg Background
Rosa Luxemburg Key ideas
Evolutionary socialism is not possible as capitalism is based on economic exploitation
Struggle by the proletariat crates the class consciousness needed to overthrow the capitalist state
RL view of capitalism
RL view on social democracy
How did she disagree with marx and engels about how a revolution could happen
RL KEY QUOTE “freedom is how free your opponent is”
RL KEY QUOTE- “There is no socialism without democracy and no democracy without socialism” What did she mean by this?
RL key quote “Without freedom of the press, freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, without the free battle of opinions, life in every public institution withers away, becomes a caricature of itself, and bureaucracy rises as the only deciding factor”. What did she mean by this?
RL KEY QUOTE - “All war is male” What did she mean by this?
Anthony Crossland background
Anthony Crossland Key ideas
The inherent contraditictions in capitalism
State managed capitalism
AC Key Works
Anthony Giddens background
Anthony Giddens Key ideas
Anthony Giddens Key works
Anthony giddens
Karl Marx view on Human nature (summary)
- Humans are naturally altruistics
However capitalism instils them with false consciousness of bourgeois values
Karl Marx view on the state
Capitalism must be destroyed by revolution
The state will temporarily replaced by the dictatorship of the proletariat and will wither away when communism is established
Karl Marx view on the state
Karl Marx view on economy
Rosa Luxemburg human nature
Rosa Luxemburg State
Rosa Luxemburg society
Rosa Luxemburg society
Rose Luxemburg economy
BW Human nature
BW the state
BW society
Society under socialist state management will produce equality of outcome
BW economy
The free market economy would be gradually nationalised as the workers obtain common ownership of the means of production
AC STATE
The state should ne managed by metocratic managers and classless technocrats
AC HUMAN NATURE
Human nature is innately fair, inequalities of outcome and opportunity hinder collective human progress
AC SOCIETY
State management will affect societal change and create
AC ECONOMY
Rejected webbs gradualism and argued for a mixed economy and keynesian capitalism and largely been reformed of its exploitative tendencies
AG HUMAN NATURE
Human nature is shaped by socioeconomic conditions more focus on humans as borh individual and collective creatures
AG THE STATE
The state should invest in social investment and infrastructure and refrain from economic and social engineering
AG SOCIETY
Society will embrace Equality of oppotunity and communal responsibility instead of class conflict
AG ECONOMY
A neo liberal economy with a free market is more effcient than all socialist economic models and the tax revenues they generate can finance greater equality of opportunity
