Social Psychology Ch. 3

Question 0

Self-Concept

Answer 0

The sum total of a person’s thought and feelings that define the self as an object.

Question 1

Self

Answer 1

A symbol-using social being who can reflect on his/her own behavior.

Question 2

Self-Esteem

Answer 2

A person’s evaluation of his or her self-concept.

Question 3

Self-Awareness

Answer 3

A psychological state in which one takes oneself as an object of attention.

Question 4

Self-Consciousness

Answer 4

The habitual tendency to engage in self-awareness.

Question 5

Self-Regulation

Answer 5

The ways in which people control and direct their own actions.

Question 6

Control Theory of Self-Regulation

Answer 6

A theory contending that, through self-awareness, people compare their behavior to a standard, and if there is a discrepancy, they work to reduce it.

Question 7

Self-Discrepancies

Answer 7

Discrepancies between our self-concept and how we would ideally like to be (ideal self) or believe other think we should be (ought self).

Question 8

Multiple Self-Aspects Framework

Answer 8

A theory that describes self-concept as a collection of multiple self-aspects that organize and guide a person’s behavior when they are activated in specific situations.

Question 9

Independent Self

Answer 9

A way of conceiving the self in terms of unique, personal attributes and as a being that is separate and autonomous from the group.

Question 10

Interdependent Self

Answer 10

A way of conceiving the self in terms of social roles and as a being that is embedded in and dependent on the group.

Question 11

Cultural Frame Switching

Answer 11

The process by which biculturalists switch between different culturally appropriate behaviors depending on the context.

Question 12

Gender Identity

Answer 12

The identification of oneself as a male or a female.

Question 13

Social Identities

Answer 13

Aspects of a person’s self-concept based on his or her group memberships.

Question 14

Ethnic Identity

Answer 14

An individual’s sense of personal identification with a particular ethnic group.

Question 15

Strategic Self-Presentation

Answer 15

Conscious and deliberate efforts to shape other people’s impressions in order to gain power, influence, sympathy, or approval.

Question 16

Self-Handicapping

Answer 16

Actions that people take to sabotage their performance and enhance their opportunity to excuse failure.

Question 17

Self-Monitoring

Answer 17

The tendency to use cues from other people’s self-presentations in controlling one’s own self-presentations.

Question 18

Self-Enhancement

Answer 18

The process of seeking out and interpreting situations so as to attain a positive view of oneself.

Question 19

Self-Verification

Answer 19

The process of seeking out and interpreting situations so as to confirm one’s self-concept.

Question 20

Explicit Self-Esteem

Answer 20

A person’s conscious and deliberate evaluation of his or her self-concept.

Question 21

Implicit Self-Esteem

Answer 21

A person’s unintentional, and perhaps unconscious, evaluation of his or her self-concept.

Question 22

Self-Evaluation Maintenance Model

Answer 22

A theory predicting under what conditions people are likely to react to the success of others with either pride or jealousy.