Health Psychology Ch. 5 Flashcards
Neurons
Nerve Cells
The results of stress in the body result from our _______ ________’s responses to our __________.
- Nervous System’s
- Environment
The human nervous system contains billions of individual cells called _______.
Neurons
Neurotransmitters
Chemicals that are released by neurons and that affect the activity of other neurons.
The two major divisions of the nervous system are the _____ ______ ______ and the ______ ________ _______.
- Central Nervous System (CNS)
- Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
What does the CNS consist of?
The BRAIN and SPINAL CORD.
What does the PNS consist of?
All other neurons , which extend from the spinal cord to all other parts of the body.
What are the two parts that the Peripheral Nervous System is divided into?
- The Somatic Nervous System
- The Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
The Somatic Nervous System primarily serves the _____ and the _______ _______.
Skin and Voluntary Muscles
The Autonomic Nervous System primarily serves ________ _________ and is therefore important in understanding responses to stress.
Internal Organs
What are the TWO subdivisions of the Autonomic Nervous System?
- Sympathetic Nervous System
- Parasympathetic Nervous System
The _______ division of the ANS mobilizes the body’s resources in emergency, stressful, and emotional situations.
Sympathetic
The _______ division of the ANS promotes relaxation, digestion, and normal growth functions.
Parasympathetic
Neurons in the ANS are activated by neurotransmitters, principally _________ and _________.
- Acetylcholine
- Norepinephrine
Endocrine System
The system of the body consisting of ductless glands.
Neuroendocrine System
Those endocrine glands that are controlled by and interact with the nervous system.
Glands of the endocrine and Neuroendocrine systems secrete chemicals knows as ________.
Hormones
Hormones
Chemical substances released into the blood and having effects on other parts of the body.
In the Nervous System, chemicals that are released are called _______; in the endocrine system, they are called ________.
- Neurotransmitters
- Hormones
This gland is sometimes referred to as the “Master Gland”.
Pituitary Gland
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
A hormone produced by the anterior portion of the pituitary gland that acts on the adrenal gland and is involved in the stress response.
Adrenal Glands
Endocrine glands, located on top of each kidney, that secrete hormones and affect metabolism.
Thyroid
Produces hormones that regulate metabolic rate.
Cortisol
A type of glucocorticoid that provides a natural defense against inflammation and regulates carbohydrate metabolism.
Epinephrine is sometimes referred to as ______.
Adrenaline.
Walter Cannon terms this configuration of responses the “______ ___ ______” reaction because of this array of r spouses prepares the body for either option.
“Fight or Flight”
Walter Cannon terms this configuration of responses the “______ ___ ______” reaction because of this array of r spouses prepares the body for either option.
“Fight or Flight”
