Social Psychology Flashcards
(47 cards)
Scientific study of how we think about, about, influence, and relate to one another
Social psychology
Theory that we explain someone’s by crediting either the situation or the persons disposition
Attribution theory
The tendency for observers, when analyzing another’s behavior, to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of the personal disposition
Fundamental attribution error
Feelings, often influenced by our beliefs, that predispose us to respond in a particular way to objects, people, and events
Attitude
Attitude change path in which interested people focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thoughts
Central route persuasion
Attitude change path in which people are influenced by incidental cues, such as a speakers attractiveness
Peripheral route persuasion
The tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request
Foot in the door phenomenon
A set of expectations (norms) about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave
Role
The theory that we act to reduce the discomfort we feel when two of our thoughts are inconsistent.
Cognitive dissonance theory
Adjusting ones behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard
Conformity
Influence resulting from a persons desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval
Normative social inlfuence
Informational social influence influence resulting from ones willingness to accept others opinions about reality
Informational social influence
Stronger responses in simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others
Social facilitation
The tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable
Social loafing
The loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity
Deindividuation
The enhancement of a group’s prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group
Group polarization
The mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives
Groupthink
The enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values, and traditions shared by a group of people and transmitted form one generation to the next
Culture
An understood rule for accepted and expected behavior.
Norm
The buffer zone we like to maintain around our bodies
Personal space
An unjustified attitude toward a group and its members. Prejudice generally involves stereotyped beliefs, negative feelings, and a predisposition to discriminatory action
Prejudice
A generalized(sometimes accurate but often over generalized) belief about a group of people
Stereotype
Unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group and its members
Discrimination
Us–people with whom we share a common identity
Ingroup
