Social psychology Flashcards

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1
Q

Social Group

A

2 or more people sharing common goals and interests interact and influence behavior of the other.

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2
Q

Norms

A

Either implicit or explicit rules that govern the behavior of group members.

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3
Q

In-Groups

A

Groups of which we belong and tend to favor.

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4
Q

Out-Groups

A

Groups to which we don’t belong, we tend to attribute negative qualities to out groups.

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5
Q

Roles

A

Social positions and defined behavior expectations in groups.

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6
Q

Social Loafing

A

The tendency of individuals to put less effort into group projects than when they are individually held accountable.

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7
Q

Deindividuation

A

Loss of self awareness and self restraint in situations that promote high arousal and anonymity in groups.

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8
Q

Social Facilitation

A

Improved performance of well learned tasks in front of others.

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9
Q

Group Polarization

A

Like minded people share ideas resulting in a more extreme position for every individual.

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10
Q

Altruism

A

The unselfish concern of one individual for the welfare of another.

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11
Q

Social Cognition

A

The way people gather, use, and interpret info about their social world.

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12
Q

Attribution Theory

A

A way to understand how people explain other’s behavior.

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13
Q

Dispositional Factors

A

Individual personality characteristics that affect a person’s behavior.

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14
Q

Situational Factors

A

Environmental stimuli that effect a person’s behavior.

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15
Q

Fundamental Attribution Error

A

Tendency when judging other’s behaviors to overestimate the role of personal factors and underestimate situational factors.

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16
Q

Self serving bias

A

To take personal credit for our own achievements and blame our failures on situational factors.

17
Q

Self fulfilling prophecy

A

A tendency to let preconceived expectations influence one’s behavior this evoking those very expectations.

18
Q

Actor observer bias

A

Tendency to attribute our behavior to situational factors and other’s behavior to dispositional factors.

19
Q

Ethnocentrism

A

Belief that our culture or social group is superior to others.

20
Q

Just world phenomenon

A

Tendency to believe in fairness, that people get what they deserve and deserve what they get.

21
Q

Out group homogeneity

A

Belief that members of another group are more similar in their attitudes then they really are.

22
Q

Contact Theory

A

If members of two opposing groups are brought together in an emergency situation, group cooperation will reduce prejudicial thinking.

23
Q

Jigsaw Classroom

A

Students are dependent on one another in different groups to learn a lesson.

24
Q

Conformity

A

The adoption of attitudes and behaviors shared by a particular group of people.

25
Q

Compliance

A

Engaging in a particular behavior at another person’s request.

26
Q

Reciprocity

A

Small gifts make others feel obligated to agree to a later request.

27
Q

Mere exposer effect

A

Increased liking for a person or another stimulus resulting from repeated presentation.

28
Q

Elaboration likelihood model

A

(ELM) attitudinal change through two routes; central or peripheral.

29
Q

Central route of persuasion

A

Relatively stable change by carefully scrutinizing facts, statistics, and other info.

30
Q

Peripheral route of persuasion

A

Pairs superficial positive factors (celebrity) with an argument leading to less stable change in attitudes.

31
Q

Informational social influence

A

Accepting other’s opinions about reality, especially under conditions of uncertainty.

32
Q

Normative social influence

A

Going along with the decisions of a group in order to gain its social approval.

33
Q

Aggression

A

The intention to do harm to others.

34
Q

Instrumental Aggression

A

Aggression to achieve some goal.

35
Q

Hostile Aggression

A

Aggression to inflict pain upon someone else.

36
Q

Social psychology

A

Study of how groups influence individual’s attitudes and behavior.