Social Policy Implementation Flashcards
means to carry out, fulfill, produce and compete; converts a policy into an action program.
Implementation
point to a desired causal chain of events, between initial conditions and
desired future events.
Policies
is the action plan to bridge the gap
between the two.
Implementation
5 Policy-Making Process
- Agenda Setting
- Policy Formulation
- Policy Legitimation
- Policy Implementation
- Policy Evaluation
is defined as the ability to bring about some change in the behavior of
others in the manner which one desires, and/ or prevent one’s way to be
modified in the manner in which one does not desire.
Power
Policy Implementation Plan should consider the following:
AiRFbTF
Relevant actors and their interests
Required resources and who might provide them
Facilitators and barriers likely to be encountered
Reasonable time frame
Actors in Policy Implementation
Oversight committees
Regulatory Agency
Local Government Units (Provincial, Municipal,
City, Barangay)
National government agencies (DOH, DSWD,
DILG, etc), including their attached agencies/units
Private Agencies/ consultants
Professional organizations
Citizens, Interest Groups, other bodies
- implementation is a continuation of the rational planning and decision-making process that is used to determine which policies to adopt
- knowable and certain outcomes
Rational Organizational Design
- implementation is a continuation of the politics that results in the adoption of public policies
- outcomes are uncertain
Interactive Model
Political action is viewed as a command backed up usually with force. It is a
system of interaction which performs certain functions by means of
legitimate action.
Power Control/ Imperative Model
Refers to situations where two or more players must reach agreement
regarding how to distribute an object or monetary amount. Each player
prefers to reach an agreement in these games, rather than abstain from doing
so; however, Each prefers that agreement which most favors his interests.
Bargaining
A type of negotiation between decision makers and groups/ unions aimed at
reaching agreements (e.g. the bargaining involved in a labor union and the
directors of a company negotiating wage increases, the dispute between two
communities about the distribution of a common territory, the conditions
under which two countries can start a program of nuclear disarmament.
Collective Bargaining
Deals with non-zero-sum-games, in which both (all) parties have a common
interest in bargaining for a solution which improves the outcome for at least
some and worsens it for none.
Bargaining Theory
Is a study of strategy and tactics. The objective is to minimize losses and
maximize gains.
Gaming
Is the study of rational decisions in situations which two or more participants have choices to make and the outcome depends on the
choices made by each of the team.
Game Theory
Is a dialogue intended to resolve disputes, to produce an agreement upon
courses of action, to bargain for individual or collective advantage, or to
craft outcomes to satisfy various interests.
Negotiation
Is a framework of strategies that
guide trained crisis negotiation
personnel towards a successful
conflict resolution.
Negotiation Model
Are obstacle, hindrance, or
difficulty standing in the way of
progress or understanding.
Political Stumbling Blocks
An act of supporting/ or favoring some person, group or institution. In politics, it is defined as the practice by holders of political office appointing their followers or fellow party members to position. It is used to describe the corrupt use of state resources to advance the interests of groups, families, ethnicities or races in exchange for electoral support.
Patronage
It is a privilege gain or profit to regular salary or wage. Qualification required as a necessary condition for something to follow, such as admission, advancement, award, benefit, privilege, etc. it is a protection from being sued for libel or slander for making otherwise actionable statements in a context or forum where open and candid expression is deemed desirable for reasons of public policy.
Prerequisite / Privilege
Conditions for Effective Implementation
SULAN
- There must be sound theory that link target group behavior to the objectives of the program
- Unambiguous objectives to maximize the
compliance of the target group
- There must be leaders/ champions who have the skills and are supportive of the objective
- There must be active support from potentially affected parties
- There must be no conflict with other public policies
Conditions for Effective Implementation
Non-compliance may result from:
Non-compliance may result from:
- Breakdown in communication of the policy to the intended target
- Target population does not have the time, skill, resources, or mental ability to comply
- Target population disagrees with the policy
- Actions required to achieve compliance are too burdensome
- Government is perceived as acting illegally, lack of respect for authority
- Probability of punishment is seen as small
Conditions for Effective Implementation
Negative Sanctions
- Threat of prosecution, fines and imprisonment
- Revocation, modification or suspension of
licenses and other privileges - Seizure and destruction of good and property
- Cease and desist orders
Conditions for Effective Implementation
Positive Sanctions
- Tax credits, rewards
- Subsidies, loans
- Favorable publicity
- Direct services or benefits
Types of Policy Implementation
AD AR ALP
Administrative decision-making
Administrative rule-making
Adjudication
Law enforcement
Program operation