Corruption Flashcards
Pertains to the misuse of public office for private gain.
Corruption
Refers to the questionable acquisition of wealth by a person in office.
Graft
the abuse of entrusted power for private gain.
• this erodes trust, weakens democracy, hampers economic development and further exacerbates inequality, poverty, social division and the environmental crisis.
Corruption
Personalistic character of our politics. Political relationships as systems of exchange.
Patron-Client Political Culture
A single corrupt individual may be able to benefit unfairly from conservation-derived revenue, but if several individuals help themselves to proceeds or extort bribes, then the entire initiative may lose credibility and collapse
Corruption in conservation
is a system for government, codified as a written document, which contains fundamental laws and principles. It usually contains fundamental political principles and establishes the structure, procedures, powers and duties, of a government.
Constitution
Nature and purpose of constitution
- It serves as the supreme or fundamental law.
- It establishes basic framework and underlying principles of government.
A kind of constitution that created through a Constitutional Convention
Conventional or enacted
A kind of constitution that developed as a part of the history of a particular nation
Cumulative or evolved
A kind of constitution where the provisions as all contained in a single
document
Written
provisions are not contained in
a single document, considered as part of the land’s fundamental law
Unwritten/uncompiled
Is the agency/instrumentality of a state through which the will of the people is formulated, expressed and carried out.
Three Branches the Government:
1. Executive – implement/administer the laws.
2. Legislative – enact, amend, repeal or revise the laws.
3. Judicial – interpret/construe the meaning or substance of the law
Government
Is the supreme power of the state to exact obedience to its laws upon its citizens
Sovereignty
Four elements of state
People, Territory, Government, Sovereignty
Kinds of government where all powers are centralized in the national government and devolved into the local government units.
Unitary
Kind of govn. Where there is a division of powers and functions between the federal government and local government units.
Federal
Kind of government, based on separation of powers. The powers of the executive, legislative and judicial branches of the government are separated from one another; however they are coordinated and co-equal.
Presidential
Kind if government, where – the executive and legislative powers are fused or merged into one through the creation of a Parliament.
Parliamentary
the government has a rightful title but no actual power or control
over the people to execute its functions
De Jure
the government is exercising actual power or control over the people but without a rightful title to execute such functions.
De Facto
is a fundamental right of a state to enact laws or regulations to promote the general welfare of the people in relation to the right of and enjoyment of persons to life and propert
Police Power
Is the power of the State to levy or impose charges upon persons,
property or institutions, as may be defined by law in order to defray the expenses of the government and to enable it to fully discharge its
functions.
Taxation
• is the power of the state to acquire, confiscate, or take private property for public use upon payment of just compensation.
• can be exercised by private authorities.
Eminent Domain
one man rule. The power is usually vested in the King or
Queen of a Royal Family.
Monarchy
