Social Movements

Question 1

Social change

Answer 1

The transformation of culture and social institutions over time

Question 2

Social change can happen through institutional channels, particularly through the ______

Answer 2

State

Question 3

Social change can also happen outside the state’s institutions, through ________ or _________

Answer 3

Cultural change

Social movements

Question 4

Social movements

Answer 4

Sustained challlenges to existing holders of power in the name of a wronged population

Question 5

Members of movements engage in _____, occupying buildings, ______, and striking to achieve social change

Answer 5

Protesting

Sending emails to political leaders

Question 6

Charles Tilly theorized that social movements require 5 main elements

Answer 6

1) offering sustained challenge to power holders demonstrating commitment
2) engaging those with power by people with less power
3) representing a wronged population
4) disrupting the daily routines of power holders using tactics outside of politics
5) depending on the worthiness, unity, numbers, and commitment of its members

Question 7

Early work on social movements argued that participation in movements was ________

Answer 7

Irrational

Question 8

Collective action (free rider) problem

Answer 8

People avoid going to protest all they don’t believe it will make a difference

People tend to avoid participating in collective actions because they’ll still benefit from the action regardless if they’re there or not

Question 9

Social movements often fight for ____________

Answer 9

Public goods

Question 10

Many people participate in social movements. Name the various ways

Answer 10

1) some might join social movement organizations
2) others may not join an organization but still attend events like protests
3) other do things to support social movements causes

Question 11

Different methods of engaging in social movements vary along two main dimensions

Answer 11

1) the risks associated with the activity

2) the cost of engaging

Question 12

The risk associated with the activity

Answer 12

Potential participants must weigh what risks they are willing to take for the level of risk they are comfortable with determines how long they participate

Question 13

Cost of engaging

Answer 13

Potential participants must think about how much in terms of time and resources they are willing to incur to participate

Question 14

Compared to other countries, Canadians are quite _____ in social movements

Answer 14

Active

Question 15

Participation in social movements requires four main Elements

Answer 15

1) idealogy
2) resources
3) biographical availability
4) social ties and identity

Question 16

____________ is important because it makes people at least cognitively available to participate in a movement

Answer 16

Ideological commitment

Question 17

Efficacy is important in social movements, why?

Answer 17

People gotta feel they have a chance to win!

Question 18

Individuals must have the _______ to allow them to participate in social movements

Answer 18

Resources (SES being the #1 predictor if someone joins a movement or not)

Question 19

When individuals are ______________ to participate in social movements, they have the opportunity to convert their idealogy and resources into action

Answer 19

Biographically available

Question 20

If you have a lot of friends involved in social changes, you are likely to be involved

Answer 20

True dat young bass

Question 21

Identities

Answer 21

The names that people give to themselves and others in the course of social interaction

Question 22

Frames

Answer 22

Ways of interpreting the world that allow individuals to understand and label occurrences in their daily lives

Question 23

The process of ______ is about selecting certain parts of the world to emphasize and other to de-emphasize

Answer 23

Framing

Question 24

Frames have 3 key parts:

Answer 24

Diagnostic

Prognostic

Motivational

Question 25

Selection bias

Answer 25

Involves media editors choices of small number of protest events from a much larger pool

Question 26

Issue attention cycles

Answer 26

Events are likely to be reported if their focus can be used to illustate an issue that is already on the media’s radar

There are times where the public is more likely to be concerned about a problem and attempt to solve it

Question 27

Description bias

Answer 27

The way the media depicts the actions of the collective action

How they base the information is based on either organizational or ideological methods

Question 28

For activists to get their issue covered, they must connect it to some event or matter that is ______, ______, or _______

Answer 28

Increasing

Spreading

Intensifying

Question 29

Editors tend to favour _______ reporters instead of ________

Answer 29

Generalist

Specialists

Question 30

Why do they prefer generalist reporters

Answer 30

Eliminates need for multiple reporters

They are cheaper and easier to hire

Rely on government sources for info, so the news represents interests with power

Question 31

There is a more concentrated effort on the part of the media, political, and corporate elite to control the information in the news

These large power sources mean that

Answer 31

The news is carefully selected and isn’t always represented fairly

Question 32

Public sociology

Answer 32

Refers to the use of the sociological imagination to engage with wider audiences outside traditional academic circles

Herbet Gans

Question 33

Examples of free spaces

Answer 33

Studnets lounges, union halls, and neighboiurhood groups

Question 34

Organizaitnal Model of the media

Answer 34

Media acts as a gate keeper

They care more for events that are actually changing the world opposed to the most important events

Question 35

Protest Paradigm

Answer 35

The specific way that the media tend to cover protest events