Chapter 3: Social Inequality And Social Class

Question 1

Who developed conflict theory?

Answer 1

Karl Marx

Question 2

Marx believed the core struggle in human societies was the _______

Answer 2

Class struggle

Struggle over who owns the means of production

Question 3

Marx believed there were two classes of people, the ________ and the ___________. The __________ are the capitalists, and the __________ are the workers

Answer 3

Bourgeoise (capitalists)

Proletariat (workers)

Question 4

Surplus value

Answer 4

Excess value produced by workers (profit)

Pay workers little and make more $€£¥

Question 5

Ideology

Answer 5

Systems of conscious and unconscious beliefs and ideas that govern people’s lives

Question 6

Meritocracy

Answer 6

The ability for anyone to reach the top (started from the bottom now we’re here)

Question 7

Class consciousness

Answer 7

Term used for marxists theory to explain how people see their social class position and their class interests

Question 8

“Class IN itself”

Answer 8

Refers to a category of people with a common relation to the means of production

Workers / proletariat

Question 9

“Class FOR itself”

Answer 9

Refers to a catagory of people organized in pursuit of their own interests

Unionized workers pushing for better conditions

Question 10

Max Weber looked at how _______ drives human _______

Answer 10

Power

Behaviour

Question 11

Weber thought ______ was defined by the chance a person or group of people had to realize their _____ despite opposition

Answer 11

Power

Will

Question 12

Weber argued there are 3 primary bases of power in society, what are they?

Answer 12

1) class (large capitalists, small capitalists, specialists, the working class)
2) status
3) parties (seek to exercise power over groups of people)

Question 13

Socio-economic inequality (SES)

Answer 13

How income inequality is measured in Canada

Question 14

Social mobility

Answer 14

Refers to an individuals movement up or down within the economic system

Question 15

Achievement based stratification system

Answer 15

Social mobility occurs in an achievement based system

Question 16

Ascription based stratification system

Answer 16

Determines an individuals rank by their ascribed characteristics

Question 17

Poverty

Answer 17

State in which cultural and material resources are lacking

Question 18

Relative poverty

Answer 18

Deprivation of one individual compared to another

Question 19

Absolute poverty

Answer 19

Deprivation that threatens the individuals survival (food, shelter, medicine)

Question 20

2 types of poverty

Answer 20

Relative poverty

Absolute poverty

Question 21

Slide 13

Answer 21

Where you left off

Question 22

Basic income

Answer 22

Guaranteed annual income that aims to reduce inequality and eliminate poverty

Question 23

Living on ________ is a real struggle to survive

Answer 23

Minimum wage

Question 24

_______ are more likely than _______ to live in poverty. People who live in __________ are less likely to live in poverty than ______________.

Answer 24

Women
Men

Famalies

Question 25

What helped poor elderly people?

Answer 25

Canadian pension plan

Question 26

The Canada pension plan helps everyone age ___ and higher

Answer 26

65

Question 27

People who have low income jobs, poor health, and little education find themselves in the “______________”

Answer 27

Circle of poverty

Question 28

Consequences of poverty

Answer 28

Inefficient and expensive for the individual

Leads to inadequate housing

Leads to poor nutrition

Leads to Lower life expectancy

Question 29

World systems theory is a ______________. This includes: _________, ___________, and _________.

Answer 29

3 level hierarchy

Core, periphery, and semi-peripherary

Question 30

______ countries are countries that are dominant capitalist countries that exploit ________ countries for labor and raw materials

Answer 30

Core

Peripherary

Question 31

________ countries depend on ______ countries for capital

Answer 31

Peripheral

Core

Question 32

_______ countries share characteristics of both core and peripheral countries

Answer 32

Semi-peripheral

Question 33

Structural social mobility

Answer 33

Occurred when large numbers of people move around the hierarchy due to larger societal changes (class Vs caste system)

Question 34

_______ is essential for movement

Answer 34

Lanaguage

Question 35

Linguistic positionality

Answer 35

Describes position of any linguistic being in any linguistic field and it includes their language ability, dispositions, and mental, emotional, and social ability - agency to communicate at any given time

Question 36

Guests lecture important word

Answer 36

Linguistic positionality

Question 37

Petitebourgeousise

Answer 37

Like a small shop owner

Mom and Dad working in the restaurant

Question 38

Lumpenproletariet

Answer 38

Slum workers

Lowest workers possible, beggars, prostitutes