Chapter 3: Social Inequality And Social Class Flashcards
Who developed conflict theory?
Karl Marx
Marx believed the core struggle in human societies was the _______
Class struggle
Struggle over who owns the means of production
Marx believed there were two classes of people, the ________ and the ___________. The __________ are the capitalists, and the __________ are the workers
Bourgeoise (capitalists)
Proletariat (workers)
Surplus value
Excess value produced by workers (profit)
Pay workers little and make more $€£¥
Ideology
Systems of conscious and unconscious beliefs and ideas that govern people’s lives
Meritocracy
The ability for anyone to reach the top (started from the bottom now we’re here)
Class consciousness
Term used for marxists theory to explain how people see their social class position and their class interests
“Class IN itself”
Refers to a category of people with a common relation to the means of production
Workers / proletariat
“Class FOR itself”
Refers to a catagory of people organized in pursuit of their own interests
Unionized workers pushing for better conditions
Max Weber looked at how _______ drives human _______
Power
Behaviour
Weber thought ______ was defined by the chance a person or group of people had to realize their _____ despite opposition
Power
Will
Weber argued there are 3 primary bases of power in society, what are they?
1) class (large capitalists, small capitalists, specialists, the working class)
2) status
3) parties (seek to exercise power over groups of people)
Socio-economic inequality (SES)
How income inequality is measured in Canada
Social mobility
Refers to an individuals movement up or down within the economic system
Achievement based stratification system
Social mobility occurs in an achievement based system
Ascription based stratification system
Determines an individuals rank by their ascribed characteristics
Poverty
State in which cultural and material resources are lacking
Relative poverty
Deprivation of one individual compared to another
Absolute poverty
Deprivation that threatens the individuals survival (food, shelter, medicine)
2 types of poverty
Relative poverty
Absolute poverty
Slide 13
Where you left off
Basic income
Guaranteed annual income that aims to reduce inequality and eliminate poverty
Living on ________ is a real struggle to survive
Minimum wage
_______ are more likely than _______ to live in poverty. People who live in __________ are less likely to live in poverty than ______________.
Women
Men
Famalies
What helped poor elderly people?
Canadian pension plan
The Canada pension plan helps everyone age ___ and higher
65
People who have low income jobs, poor health, and little education find themselves in the “______________”
Circle of poverty
Consequences of poverty
Inefficient and expensive for the individual
Leads to inadequate housing
Leads to poor nutrition
Leads to Lower life expectancy
World systems theory is a ______________. This includes: _________, ___________, and _________.
3 level hierarchy
Core, periphery, and semi-peripherary
______ countries are countries that are dominant capitalist countries that exploit ________ countries for labor and raw materials
Core
Peripherary
________ countries depend on ______ countries for capital
Peripheral
Core
_______ countries share characteristics of both core and peripheral countries
Semi-peripheral
Structural social mobility
Occurred when large numbers of people move around the hierarchy due to larger societal changes (class Vs caste system)
_______ is essential for movement
Lanaguage
Linguistic positionality
Describes position of any linguistic being in any linguistic field and it includes their language ability, dispositions, and mental, emotional, and social ability - agency to communicate at any given time
Guests lecture important word
Linguistic positionality
Petitebourgeousise
Like a small shop owner
Mom and Dad working in the restaurant
Lumpenproletariet
Slum workers
Lowest workers possible, beggars, prostitutes
