Social Modals Flashcards
Which modals and modal-like expressions can be used to express advice and regret?
-could, had better, might, might want to, ought to, and should
Which modals are used to offer advice and suggestions or to give choices?
-could and might
Might (to) is often used with? (+reason)
-want to; give suggestions
Which modal do you use to show that something is a good or bad idea?
- should to
- ought to is possible, but less common
When do you use had better?
-only in informal conversation to give strong advice especially as a warning ->often a negative consequence if the advice or warning is not followed
What do you use for past events or situations that were advisable but did not happen?
-ought to have or should have + past participle
Which term do you use to show that bad decisions were made in the past?
-shouldn’t have + past participle
What do you may use for criticize? (Modal)
-should (not)
Which modals and modal-like are used to express permission, necessity, and obligation? And for which tense?
- be allowed to, be required to, be supposed to, can, have to, may
- in the present, past, and future
For what do you use can(not), may(not) and be allowed to ?
-to talk about permission in the present and future
Which form does can have in the past?
-could
Which word do you have to add if you talk about the future? (be allowed to)
- will before be
- > I will be allowed to talk..
Which word can you use instead of allowed in the formal speech and writing?
-permitted
Which modals do you use to express necessity or obligation in the present and future? Which ones of the named are more formal?
- be required to, be supposed to, have to, must, and need to
- must and be required (are not often used in writing)
How do you show necessity or obligation in the future?
-will be required, will have to, will need to
How do you show that something is inappropriate or prohibition in the present and future?
-be not supposed to or must not
How do you describe necessity and obligation in the past?
-were required to, were supposed to, or had to
What is the past form of must?
-there is no past form; you should use had to instead
What do the negative forms of be required to, have to, and need to describe?
-choices or options
Which modals express ability in the present or past or future?
-be able to, can
How do show that someone has not the ability? Which one is more formal?
- be not able to, can’t/cannot
- be not able to is more formal
How do you describe the ability in the future?
-can, will be able to
Which modal do you use for general/particular ability’s in the past?
- general: could (not)
- particular: was/were (not) able to (+particular occasions)
For what do you use could have + the past participle?
-you had the ability to do something but did not do it
