social learning theory

Question 1

how does social learning theory describe how someone obtains a behaviour (simplistic terms)?

Answer 1

• through the observation of modelled behaviour by a role model.

Question 2

what is step one of SLT?

Answer 2

• a behaviour is presented by a role model

Question 3

what is step two of SLT?

Answer 3

• observer identifies with the role model

Question 4

what is step 3?

Answer 4

the behaviour is observed and noted

Question 5

what is step 4?

Answer 5

behaviour is imitated and whether or not it is repeated depends on whether it receives reward or punishment

Question 6

what cognitive processes of involved in observational learning?

Answer 6

• attention
• retention
• reproduction
• motivation

Question 7

what is attention?

Answer 7

attention to the role models behaviour is required in order to learn the behaviour

Question 8

what is retention?

Answer 8

the ability of the observer to be able to retain the behaviour

Question 9

what is reproduction?

Answer 9

if the observer has the physical mental capacity to reproduce the behaviour i.e can they remember what behaviour is being display e.g. this may be difficult for a younger person.

Question 10

what is motivation?

Answer 10

is the observer motivated enough to repeat the behaviour i.e. is the reward given from the behaviour enough for it to be repeated.

Question 11

what is meant by vicarious reinforcement?

Answer 11

• seeing the consequences of the behaviour and deciding whether or not to repeat ir.

Question 12

what is meant by vicarious extinction?

Answer 12

• this refers to when a behaviour is punished and therefore the behaviour stops.

Question 13

what four aspects of vicarious reinforcement are there?

Answer 13

• modelling effect
• eliciting effect
• disinhibiting effect
• inhibiting effect

Question 14

what is modelling effect?

Answer 14

• the behaviour is only carried out due to the model displaying the behaviour

Question 15

what is the eliciting effect?

Answer 15

• behaviour carried out but but slightly differently

Question 16

what is the disinhibiting effect?

Answer 16

• the behaviour carried out is not normally a behaviour that someone would ususally do

Question 17

The inhibitory effect ?

Answer 17

– people stop doing something because they have seen a role model
punished for the behaviour.

Question 18

what did Kubinyi (2003) find?

Answer 18

Pet dogs watched owner push the
handle of a box to release a ball. Each dog observed this 10 times. Dogs that had observed owners
demonstrating the use of the handle tended to reproduce this behaviour. This provides reliability and
credibility

Question 19

what is a weakness of the theory?

Answer 19

• testing the theory is difficult as behaviour that has been observed may not be reproduced immediately. -
• Experiments show only specific behaviours at a specific time, so the results are limited and there might be a lack of validity in the findings.

Question 20

what is a weakness with using animals to look for social learning theory such as Kubinyi ?

Answer 20

there are the usual issues involved in claiming that behaviour shown by animals is also true of humans, given the differences
between them.

Question 21

what other studies support slt?

Answer 21

there is a lot of supporting evidence for the theory such as the studies
by Bandura (1961, 63 and 65) which have all demonstrated the observation and imitation of
aggressive model behaviour by child participants.