social learning theory Flashcards

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1
Q

how does social learning theory describe how someone obtains a behaviour (simplistic terms)?

A
  • through the observation of modelled behaviour by a role model.
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2
Q

what is step one of SLT?

A
  • a behaviour is presented by a role model
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3
Q

what is step two of SLT?

A
  • observer identifies with the role model
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4
Q

what is step 3?

A

the behaviour is observed and noted

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5
Q

what is step 4?

A

behaviour is imitated and whether or not it is repeated depends on whether it receives reward or punishment

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6
Q

what cognitive processes of involved in observational learning?

A
  • attention
  • retention
  • reproduction
  • motivation
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7
Q

what is attention?

A

attention to the role models behaviour is required in order to learn the behaviour

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8
Q

what is retention?

A

the ability of the observer to be able to retain the behaviour

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9
Q

what is reproduction?

A

if the observer has the physical mental capacity to reproduce the behaviour i.e can they remember what behaviour is being display e.g. this may be difficult for a younger person.

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10
Q

what is motivation?

A

is the observer motivated enough to repeat the behaviour i.e. is the reward given from the behaviour enough for it to be repeated.

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11
Q

what is meant by vicarious reinforcement?

A
  • seeing the consequences of the behaviour and deciding whether or not to repeat ir.
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12
Q

what is meant by vicarious extinction?

A
  • this refers to when a behaviour is punished and therefore the behaviour stops.
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13
Q

what four aspects of vicarious reinforcement are there?

A
  • modelling effect
  • eliciting effect
  • disinhibiting effect
  • inhibiting effect
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14
Q

what is modelling effect?

A
  • the behaviour is only carried out due to the model displaying the behaviour
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15
Q

what is the eliciting effect?

A
  • behaviour carried out but but slightly differently
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16
Q

what is the disinhibiting effect?

A
  • the behaviour carried out is not normally a behaviour that someone would ususally do
17
Q

The inhibitory effect ?

A

– people stop doing something because they have seen a role model
punished for the behaviour.

18
Q

what did Kubinyi (2003) find?

A

Pet dogs watched owner push the
handle of a box to release a ball. Each dog observed this 10 times. Dogs that had observed owners
demonstrating the use of the handle tended to reproduce this behaviour. This provides reliability and
credibility

19
Q

what is a weakness of the theory?

A
  • testing the theory is difficult as behaviour that has been observed may not be reproduced immediately. -
  • Experiments show only specific behaviours at a specific time, so the results are limited and there might be a lack of validity in the findings.
20
Q

what is a weakness with using animals to look for social learning theory such as Kubinyi ?

A

there are the usual issues involved in claiming that behaviour shown by animals is also true of humans, given the differences
between them.

21
Q

what other studies support slt?

A
there is a lot of supporting evidence for the theory such as the studies
by Bandura (1961, 63 and 65) which have all demonstrated the observation and imitation of
aggressive model behaviour by child participants.