practical Flashcards
1
Q
what is the research based on?
A
- Holmes said “females are politer than males” due to research carried out based on linguistics. Females are suggested to be politer in regards to their dialect and saw it necessary for women to have “polite chat” with friends to keep in touch
- where as men had a conversation to get to a point and understanding
2
Q
aim?
A
- The aim of this observational study was to identify whether the was a difference between males and females regarding how polite they were.
3
Q
hypothesis?
A
- alternative: there will be a difference between males and females and how polite they are. females will display more polite behaviours (e.g. saying “thank you” after being handed a drink by a barman) than males
- null hypothesis: there will be no difference between males and females and how polite their behaviour is any difference will be down to chance.
4
Q
what design was used?
A
- observational
5
Q
what observational method was used?
A
- covert, participant observation
6
Q
what was the IV and DV?
A
IV = the sex of the participant DV = measuring the polite behaviours displayed such as saying "thank you" when being given a drink at a bar by a barman
7
Q
how many ptps were used?
A
- 40 (20 males and 20 females)
8
Q
sample?
A
- ages ranged from 18 - 65
- opportunity sampling
- midlands area
9
Q
procedure?
A
- this study consisted of one condition; a participant covert observation which took place at a restaurant in pub in Stratford upon Avon where the observer was an employee behind the bar
- the observer/employee counted how many times a customers said “thank you” after recieving a drink, as well as making note of their gender and also adding anything they considered to also be a polite behaviour
- this took place between 6:00pm-7:00pm time-based sampling.
10
Q
ehthics and risk management?
A
- covert so participants were unaware
- however after the study was carried out and the results gathered
- participants were made aware and debriefed
- however permission was not needed as they were in a public place so they can be expected to be watched.
11
Q
how many males and females said “thank you”?`
A
males = 9/20 females = 14/20
12
Q
what stats test was carried out and why?
A
- nominal data
- independent measures
- chi squared?
13
Q
were the results found to be significant ?
A
- at the 5% level of significance, the critical value for a one-tailed test when the degree’s of freedom = 1, is 4.61. since the calculated value is 0.8 it is less than the critical value and therefore the alternative hypothesis can be accepted and the null rejected;
14
Q
thematic analysis?
A
- qualitative data: most common responses regarded a “polite behaviour” was “thank you”
- “thanks” and “cheers” and “tar” also came up followed by smiles which was also counted as polite behaviour.
15
Q
generalisability?
A
- fairly large sample of 40 people
- however took place in one single restaurant in stratford-upon-avon between 6:00pm - 7:00pm which is unlikely to a representative sample of the whole population.
