Social influence - types and explanations of conformity

Question 1

what did Kelman 1958 establish

Answer 1

• three ways people conform
• internalisation
• identification
• compliance

Question 2

what is identification

Answer 2

• act in the same way as the group as we value it and want to be apart of it
• don’t privately agree with everything

Question 3

what is internalisation

Answer 3

• take on the majority view because we accept it as correct
• permanent change in behaviour

Question 4

what is compliance

Answer 4

• superficial and temporary
• go along publicly with the majority but not privately
• behaviour and opinions change stop once group pressure stops

Question 5

what did Dutch and Gerrad 1955 develop

Answer 5

• dual process model to explain why people conform
• normative social influence
• informational social influence

Question 6

what is normative social influence

Answer 6

• we agree with the opinion of the majority as we want to be liked and gain social approval
• may lead to compliance

Question 7

what is informational social influence

Answer 7

• we agree with the opinion of the majority as we believe it to be correct
• may lead to internalisation

Question 8

what is the research support for normative social influence

Answer 8

• Asch interviewed his participants and some said they conformed as they were self - conscious and afraid of disapproval
• participants wrote answers down conformity fell to 12.5%
• some conformity is due to the desire to not be rejected

Question 9

what is the research support for informational social influence

Answer 9

• study by Todd Lucas et al (2006)
• participants conformed more often to incorrect answers of difficult math problems
• easy problems they knew their own minds
• hard problems made the situation ambiguous
• participants didn’t want to be wrong

Question 10

why are individual differences in normative social influence a limitation

Answer 10

• some are concerned with being liked by others nAffiliators
• students who were nAffiliators (need to relate to others) were more likely to conform
• individual differences that cannot be explained by one theory

Question 11

Jennes (1932) study

Answer 11

-asked male and female psychology students how many jellybeans were in the jar
- estimated privately
- discussed estimates in groups
- private second estimate
- second private estimates were closer to their group estimates

• low social pressure as 2nd estimate was away from the group - conformed due to informational social influence
• conformed by internalisation