Social Influence

Question 1

What was the aim of Asch’s study?

Answer 1

To investiagte group pressure in an unambigious situation

Question 2

What was the method of Asch’s study?

Answer 2

There were 123 american men as participants. They were given 2 cards, one with a standard line and 3 with comparison lines. In every group there was 1 naive participant and the rest were confederates. There were 12 critical trials where the confederates gave wrong answers and the naive participant was always last to answer.

Question 3

What were the results of asch study>

Answer 3

On the critical trials, the participants gave the wrong answer 1/3 of the time. 25% never gave a wrong answer

Question 4

What is the conclusion of asch’s study?

Answer 4

That people are influenced by group pressure but many can resist.

Question 5

What was the evaluation of aschs study?

Answer 5

One weakness was it was only reflective of conformity in 1950s america
Another weakness was it was an artifical task, doesn’t reflect everyday situations
further weaknes was results can;t be generailsed to collectivist cultures where rates are higher

Question 6

How did group size affect asch’s study?

Answer 6

Two confederates = 13.6% confomrity
three confederates = 31.8% conformity. more than 3 made little differnce

Question 7

How did anonymity affect asch’s study?

Answer 7

Writing answer down is anonymous and conformity lower

Question 8

How did task dificulty affect asch’s study?

Answer 8

If comparison lines more similart o standard this makes task harder, conformity increases

Question 9

How does personality affect asch’s study?

Answer 9

High internal locus of control, conform less. Burger and Cooper found internals less likley to agree with a confederates rating of a cartoon

Question 10

How does expertise affect asch’s study?

Answer 10

More knowledgable people = conform less. Lucas found maths experts les likley to conform to others answers on maths problems

Question 11

What was the aim of milgras study?

Answer 11

To investiagte if Germans are different in terms of obedience

Question 12

what was the method of milgrams study?

Answer 12

There were 40 male volunetters. Teacher insturcted by experimenter to give a shock if learner answered a quesion incorectly

Question 13

what was the conclusion of milgrams study?

Answer 13

Obedience related to social factors not dispostion e.g location,novel situation

Question 14

what was the results of milgrams study?

Answer 14

No paricipant (teacher) stopped below 300v. 65% shocked to 450v
There was extreme tension e.g three had seizures

Question 15

What was the evaluation of milgrams study?

Answer 15

One weakess was lacked realsim
Another weakness was ther were severe ethical issues
One strength is that it was supported by other research

Question 16

What was the agentic state?

Answer 16

Follow orders with no responsibility

Question 17

What is the autonomous state?

Answer 17

Own free choice

Question 18

How did authority affetc milgrams agencey theory>

Answer 18

Agentic shift: moving from making own free choice to following orders occurs when someone is in authority

Question 19

How does culture affect milgrams agency theory? - the social hierachy

Answer 19

Some people have more authority than others. Hierachy depends on society and socilisation.

Question 20

How does proximity affect milgrams agencey theory?

Answer 20

particiopants lesss obedient in milgrams study when in same rom as learner increasin moral strain

Question 21

What is the evaluation of milgrams agecney theory

Answer 21

One strength is that there is research support for it. One weakness is it doesn’t explain all findings and why there is no 100% obedience in milgrams study
another weakness is that it gave people an excuse for destructive behaviour

Question 22

What is the authoritatrian personality?

Answer 22

some people have a strong respect for authority and look down on people of lower status

Question 23

what is cognitive style in the authoritain personality theory?

Answer 23

Rigid steroertypes and don;t like change

Question 24

How does the authoritarian personality orginate in childhood.

Answer 24

Strict parents only show love if behaviour is correct. Thesse alues are internalised.

Question 25

What is scapegoating in the authoritain personality theory?

Answer 25

Hostility felt towards parents for beiig crticial is put onto peopel who are socially inferior

Question 26

What is the evaluation for the authoritarian personality?

Answer 26

One weakness was authoritain personality was mesaured on f-scale which has response bias
another wakness was results are correlational, can’t say authoritarain personality casues greater obedience
furrther wakness was of a dispositional explanation is that on its own it cannot explain all cases of obedience

Question 27

What was the aim of pilvains subway study?

Answer 27

To investigate if charcaterists of a victim affect help given in an emergencey

Question 28

What wass the method of pilavins subwayu study?

Answer 28

Male confedearet collapsed on subway. 103 trials. victim appeared to be drunk or apeared to be a disabled(had cane)

Question 29

Wat where the results of pilavins subway study

Answer 29

Disabled victim given help on 95% of trials compared to 50% helped when drunk. Help was aslikley in crowded and empty carriagdes.

Question 30

What was the conclusion of pilavins subway study?

Answer 30

Characteristcs of a victim affects help given. number on onlookers doesnt affect help in nautral settingx

Question 31

what was the evaluation of pilavins subway study

Answer 31

One strength was ther is high realism, they ddint kow their behaviour was being studied so they acted more naturally
One wakness was it was an urban sample so participants from the city may be used to emergencies
one strength was there was qualative data such as passengar remarks