research methods evaluations Flashcards
cook
What is the evaluation of random sampling?
One strength is there is no bias as everyone has an equal chance of selection
One weakness is that it takes time as you need the list of all members of the target population
What is the evaluation of opportunity sampling?
One strength is that its quick and cheap because participants are just there
One weakness is that it only represents the population from which it was drawn
What is the evaluation of systematic sampling?
One strength is that it avoids researcher bias
One weakenss is that it may end up with an unrepresentive sample.
What is the evaluation of stratified sampling?
One strength is that it is the most representative method
One weakness is that its very time consuming to sort sub-groups.
What are the strengths of questionnaires?
One strength is that you can gather information from many people
Another strengh is that it is easy to analyse as often closed questions are used
What are the wekanesses of questionnaires?
One weakness is that there can be social derisability bias
Another weakness is that questions may be leading, so lack validity
What are the strengths of labrataory experiment?
One strength is that EVs can be controlled so cause and effect established
Another strength is the use of standardised procedures permits replication, caan demonstrate validity
What are the weaknesses of labratory experiments?
One weakness is behaviour in a lab is less normal, so its difficult to genaralise.
A further ewakness is that participants may change their behaviour because they are aware that they are being watched.
What are the strengths of a field experiment?
One sterngth is that they are more realistic than lab experiments as its more natural setting.
Another strength is that they can use standardised procedures so there is some control.
What are the weaknessess of field experiments?
One weakenss is that you may lose control of EVs so difficult to show cause and effect
Another weakness is that ethical issues because participants are not aware of study
What are the strengths of a natural experiment?
One strength is that they may be high valdity because real-world variables
A further strength is that you can standardise procedures so some control over EVs
What are the weaknesses of natural experiments?
One weakness is that there are few opportunites to do this kind of research as behavours may be rarer
Another weakness is that there may be EVs because participants are not randomly allocated to conditions.
What are the strengths of independant groups?
One strength is that order effects are not a problem because participants only do the experiment once.
What are the weakness of independant groups
One weakness is that different participants in each group.
Another weaknesss is that participant variable can act as EVs.
What are the strengths of repeated measures
One strength is there is no paraticipant variables
Another strength is that fewere participants are needed so less expensive
What are the weaknesses of repeaated measures?
One weakenss is order effect reduces validity
What are the strengths of matched pairs?
One strength is no order effect and fewer participant variables
What are the weaknesses of matched pairs?
One weakness is that it takes time to match pairs
Another weakness is that it doesn’t control all participant variables.
What are the strengths of case studies?
One strength is that research lacks specific aims so resercher is more open-minded
Another strength is that its the best way of studying rare behaviours
What are the weaknesses of case studies?
One weakness is that focs on one individual or event, so often can’t be generalised.
Another weakness id that its a subjective interpretation of events.
What are the strengths of observations?
There is greater validity because based on what people do.
There is real life behaviour when participants are not aware of being observed
What are the weaknesses of observations?
There are ethical issues as can’t gain consent if observing in a public place.
There is obersver bias:Observers expectations affect validity
What is the evaluation of quantative data.
Easy to analyse and draw conclusions
Lacks depth,not reflecting real-world complexity
What is the evaluation of qualitative data?
More depth and detail
Difficult to analyse and summarise
What is the evaluation of primary data?
Suits the aims of research to more useful
It takes time and effort to collect
What is the evaluation of secondary data?
Easy and convient to use
May not fit what the researcher is investigating.
