perception terms

Question 1

What is sensation

Answer 1

The physical stimulation of the 5 senses processed by sensory receptors

Question 2

Perception

Answer 2

Perception-The brain interpreting and organising the sensory information

Question 3

What is the difference between perception and sensation

Answer 3

The difference between the 2 is that sensation detects the stimulus and perception interprets what that stimulus means.

Question 4

What are constancies?

Answer 4

Constancies are seeing objects and images the same from different angles and distances

Question 4

What are cues?

Answer 4

Cues are information about movement,distance etc.

Question 5

What is retinal disparity?

Answer 5

Retinal disparity-Difference between the view of the left and right eye gives the brain information about the depth and distance

Question 6

What is convergence?

Answer 6

Binocular depth cue
Convergence-Eyes point closer together when an object is close. Muscles work harder so they know distance and depth.

Question 7

What is relative size?

Answer 7

Relative size-smaller objects appear further away

Question 7

What is height in plane

Answer 7

Height in plane-Objects that are higher up appear further away

Question 7

What is occlusion

Answer 7

Monocular depth cue
Occlusion-If one object obscures part of another object, its seen as closer

Question 8

What is linear perspective?

Answer 8

Linear perspective-Parallel lines appear as closer because they become more distant

Question 9

Sufficent information for direct perception

Answer 9

Sufficient information for direct perception-Sensation and perception are the same.They eye detects everything we need without having to make inferences

Question 10

What are optic flow patterns?

Answer 10

Optic flow patterns-When moving, things in the distance appear stationary and everything else rushes past. This provides perceptual information about speed and distance.

Question 11

What is motion parallex?

Answer 11

Motion parallax-A monocular depth cue. When moving past them,closer objects appear to move faster than objects that are further away. It provides perceptual information about speed and distance.

Question 12

What is influence of nature?

Answer 12

Influence of nature-Perception is inborn not learned

Question 13

How does Ponzo Illusion work?

Answer 13

Misinterpreted depth cues cause you to perceive the horizontal line higher up as longer.

Question 14

How does the Muller Lyer illusion work?

Answer 14

Misinterpreted depth cue causes you to perceive the line with the outgoing fins as longer since its further away which scales it up.

Question 15

How does the Rubin’s Vase illusion work?

Answer 15

t’s an ambiguous figure so it lets you see the image in 2 ways: a face or the vase and your brain doesn’t know how to organise it so you can see both.

Question 16

How does the Ame’s Room illusion work

Answer 16

Misinterpreted depth cues cause you to be unable to see the trapezoid shaped room so you see it as a regular room when it’s actually a trapezoid. This is why you see one person larger than the other when they are actually the same

Question 17

How does the Necker Cube illusion work?

Answer 17

It’s an ambiguous figure so the 2 possible interpretations of the cube can be seen but the brain doesn’t know which is correct even though they are both correct.

Question 18

How does the Kaniza Triangle illusion work?

Answer 18

Caused by fiction which is when illusory contours create impression of a second triangle

Question 19

What did Gibson believe about perception?

Answer 19

Gibson thought that perception doesn’t draw out on past experiences, in contrast with Gregory’s theory.

Question 20

What was Gregory’s constructivist theory of perception?

Answer 20

Contrasting with Gibson, Gregory proposed that sensation and perception were not the same

Question 21

What is Past experience, the role of nurture

Answer 21

Perception is learned from experience, the more we interact the more sophisticated our perception is.

Question 22

What is Perception as a construction?

Answer 22

Our brain uses incoming information and information we know to form hypotheses and guesses

Question 23

What is Inference?

Answer 23

Brain fills in the gaps to create a conclusion about what is being seen.

Question 24

What are visual cues?

Answer 24

The various visual stimuli we use to interpret and understand the environment and the people within it.

Question 25

What factors affect perception?

Answer 25

Culture,emotion,motivation and expectation

Question 26

How does culture affect perception?

Answer 26

Different cultures use depth cues differently

Question 27

How does emotion affect perception?

Answer 27

Emotion affects perceptual sets, in this case perceptual defence.

Question 28

How does motivation affect perception?

Answer 28

Sensitivity greater when something is deprived and becomes a motivating factor

Question 29

How does expectation affect perception?

Answer 29

Expectation increases perceptual sensitivity for expected stimulus features.