Social influence Flashcards
What is conformity?
Matching the behaviour and beliefs of others in order to fit in or be right
What are the 3 types of conformity?
- compliance
- internalisation
- identification
Define ‘compliance’. (Normative social influence)
Going along with the majority, even though we privately do not agree
Define ‘internalisation’.
(Informative social influence)
Going along with the majority, because we do not know how to behave in a situation-we adopt the beliefs of the group
Define ‘identification’.
Temporarily adopting the behaviours of a role model or group
What is normative social influence?
The desire to be liked
What is informational social influence?
Desire to be right
Who conducted the line study?
Asch
What are the situation factors affecting conformity?
- side of majority
- unanimity of the majority
-task difficulty/ ambiguity
What is size of majority?
The greater the majority, the greater, the influence they have on your behaviour
(Large group= more likely to conform
Small group= less likely to conform)
What is unanimity of the majority?
There has to be an agreement between the majority of the group (social support= more likely to conform
No social support= less likely to conform)
What is task difficulty/ambiguity?
If the task we are performing is difficult or ambiguous (difficult= more likely to conform
Easy= less likely to conform)
What is personality effects in conformity?
Locus of control
Define ‘locus of control’.
The extent of which we believe we have control over our behaviour/life
What is the internal locus of control?
Refers to the belief that things happen as a result of an individual efforts and hard work (you make things happen)
What is the external locus of control?
Refers to believe that things happen as a result of luck and fate (things happen to you)
Who conducted the Stanford prison experiment?
Zimbardo
What is a society?
A collection of individuals who share the same location and norms
What is an individualistic culture?
Western – emphasises independence, individuality and alltonomy (USA,uk)
What is a collectivistic culture?
Eastern-emphasises membership, co-operation and support (china,Korea)
What is obedience?
Following the orders of someone in a higher authority, due to fear of consequences
What is blind obedience?
We follow the orders of an authority figure out without any questions, because it often has negative outcomes
Who conducted the electric shock experiment?
Milgram
What are the ways to prevent blind obedience?
-social support
- familiarity of situation
- distance
- education
What is it meant by social support?
When we feel we have an ally or are with others that resistor Bedians, we are more likely to resist ourselves
What is meant by familiarity of the situation?
Removes diffusion of responsibility
What is meant by distance?
If we increase the distance between ourselves and authority figure out, the impact is lessened
What is meant by education?
Whistleblowing-improve awareness of what is happening around us
What is an authoritarian personality?
Authoritarian character tends to be respectful authority is more likely to follow orders
What is deindividuation?
Lots of personal self-awareness and responsibility as a result of being in a group
What factors affect deindividuation?
Being able to hide your identity and wearing a uniform
How does being able to hide your identity affect deindividuation?
You lose the fear of being recognise, so you lose the fear of punishment
How does wearing a uniform affect deindividuation?
You lose the sense of your individuality, rest of the group, and follow the rules that apply to the rest of the group
What is the bystander effect?
Where the presence of others impact someone’s reaction to an emergency situation
What situational factors affect bystander intervention?
- diffusion of responsibility
- noticing the event
- pluralistic ignorance
- cost of helping
What is diffusion of responsibility?
When in a crowd, we feel less responsible for our actions as all the people around us could potentially help
What is noticing the event?
In a large crowd, we tend to pay more attention to ourselves as opposed to our surroundings, making it more difficult to notice emergency situations
What is pluralistic ignorance?
In an emergency situation, we often look at other people to see how they are reacting. If we say that other people are not intervening, we are less likely to intervene ourselves
What is cost of helping?
In emergency situations, we may feel that it is too costly to intervene, for example, it could take time out of my day off and put us in danger
What are the personal factors affecting bystander intervention?
- competence
- mood
- similarity
What is meant by competence?
Whether we are physically able to help out in emergency situations
What is meant by mood?
People in a bad mood are less likely to intervene, because they pay more attention to themselves, compared to others around them
What is meant by similarity?
You’re more likely to intervene if we perceive the person involved to be similar to ourselves
Who conducted the good Samaritan experiment?
Piliavin
What is bystander apathy?
Bystander apathy is failing to help someone when they need help
