Brain and neuro 🧠Flashcards
What is the brain?
The organ in the head made up of nerves that processes information controls our behaviour
What is the brain part of?
Central nervous system
How does the brain communicate with the rest of the body?
Via the brainstem which is connected to the spinal cord
What is the function of the brain stem?
Controls are reflexes
What are the bumps on the outer cortex called?
Gyri
How many hemispheres does the brain have?
2
What are the five parts of the brain?
- frontal lobe
- parietal lobe
- occipital lobe
- cerebellum
- temporal lobe
Name the functions of the frontal lobe.
- planning of movements
- recent memories
- decision making and impulse control
- some emotions - aggression
- reasoning and personality
- Broca’s area
- motor cortex
Name the function of the parietal lobe.
- processing information
- helps us with perception and recognises smells and tastes
- helps us too read and write
- sensory cortex
Name the function of the occipital lobe.
- ability to see
- visual cortex is located here
Name the function of the cerebellum.
- automatic skill function - riding a bike, writing
- vital role in movement, co-ordination and balance
- takes ingot from our senses and spinal corn and sorts of the brain
In the function of the temporal lobe.
- helps us with hearing and creating speech
- controls memory function
- language and comprehension
- recognise faces
- auditory cortex
What study supports the role of the frontal lobe?
Phineas gage
What is lateralisation of function?
Each hemisphere of the brain does a different job/role
What is an asymmetrical function?
Both sides of the brain are not a mirror image of each other. Each hemisphere controls different functions, or plays a large or smaller role in particular behaviour-they are not equal in what they do
Name the functions of the left hemisphere.
Controls the right side of the body and functions
- sensory stimulus from the right side of body
- Motor control of right side of body
- speech, language and comprehension
- Analysis and calculations
- Time and sequencing
- Recognition of words, letters and numbers
Name the functions of the right hemisphere.
Controls left side of the body and functions
- sensory stimulus from left side of body
- Motor control of left side of body
- creativity
- spatial ability
- context/perception
- Recognition of faces, places and objects
What is the corpus callosum?
Nerve fibres connecting the two hemispheres of the brain, so they can communicate and the brain can function as one complete organ
What is broca’s area?
This is responsible for converting thought into speech. Located in the frontal lobe in the left hemisphere
What did Harasty find about females in lateralisation?
They had a bigger broca’s area
What did Rilea find about males in lateralisation?
Then we are better at spatial awareness tasks
What does a female brain do differently to males?
They have a stick at corpus callosum to the brain hemispheres communicate more
What does a male brain do differently to a females?
Dominant hemisphere (right)
What happens if the pre-frontal cortex is damaged?
- means people may not be able to function in the normal way
- makes it difficult for some people to control emotions and can lead to personality change
- make some people are more likely to commit crime
