SOCIAL EVOLUTION Flashcards
broad set of theories that attempt to explain how and why modern cultures are different from those in the past
Social Evolution
gradual development of society and social forms, institutions, etc.
Social evolution
based on changes in behavior patterns, social relationships, values and beliefs that happen in human population
Socio-cultural evolution
change over time
Evolution
a type of evolutionary pattern where the process in which related, but distinct, species independently evolve similar structures.
Parallel Evolution
Example: two plant species are of different plant families but live in the same type of environment.
Parallel Evolution
A type of evolutionary pattern that refers to the process by which interbreeding species diverged into two or more evolutionary groups.
Divergent Evolution
Example: Common related ancestor adapt different traits
Divergent Evolution
A type of evolutionary pattern where the process whereby species that are not closely related, independently evolve functionally or visually similar structures.
Convergent Evolution
Example: Sharks and dolphins look relatively similar despite being entirely unrelated.
Convergent Evolution
Physical evolution theories expressed in the Origin of Species and The Descent of Man.
Mid 19th century, Charles Darwin
It is often named as the person who first applied evolutionary principles to social phenomena.
19th-century, Lewis Henry Morgan
the individual, external, social constructions that influence our lives and development, and are constantly evolving as we age
Social Phenomena
Ancient scholars such as Polybius and Thucydides built histories of their societies, by describing the early Roman and Greek cultures as “barbaric versions of their present.”
The influence of Greeks and Romans
Ancient scholars who built histories of their societies, by describing the early Roman and Greek cultures as “barbaric versions of their present.”
Polybius and Thucydides
It describes early Roman and Greek cultures
barbaric versions of their present
Aristotle’s idea of social evolution was that society developed from a family-based organization.
The influence of Greeks and Romans.
The person’s idea of social evolution was that society developed from a family-based organization. Who is that person?
Aristotle
Aristotle’s idea of social evolution was that society developed from what organization?
Family-based
Evolution that occurs through genetic variation and reproduction and involves the transfer of genes from one generation to the next.
Biological evolution or Genetic evolution
the differences in shapes and features of indigenous people living in contrasting climates and environmental conditions
Evolution in human populations
Evolution that occurs through the development of customs and languages, and involves the transfer of information either within a generation or across many generations.
Cultural evolution
Change in the lifestyle of modern humans is from and to?
Nomadic hunter-gatherer to permanent settlers
Evolution where it refers to the changes over time in technology that give humans increased control over their environment
Technological Evolution
Include the change from stone tools to metal tools, the development of industrial technologies, agricultural and medicinal procedures, communication resources
Technological Evolution
Three types of evolutionary patterns
Pattern Evolution, Divergent Evolution, Convergent Evolution
Three types of social evolution
Biological Evolution, Cultural Evolution, Technological Evolution
