social etiology, social prophylaxis, social therapy and social rehabilitation of the diseases.

Question 1

what is the definition of social etiology

Answer 1

the degree of impact of social factors on individual or public health.

The impact may either be of indirect vs. direct character

can also be positive or negative or a combination of both

Question 2

What are the 5 social factors?

Answer 2

1. Personal social factors
   * age, sex, habits
2. Familial social factors

• number of ppl in the house
• condition of the house
• clean water

3. Professional social factors
   * occupational diseases
4. Public social factors

• air pollution
• car accidents

5. social factors Related to the HealthCare services.

• access to health systems
• ambulances

Question 3

what is the difference between Direct and Indirect social factors

Answer 3

Direct: transmission by direct physical contact e.g. stds, contamination

Indirect: transmission by a pathogen entering host. e.g. vectors (malaria)

Question 4

What are the common methods social factors have a negative impact?

Answer 4

Direct cause of the disease

Predisposition to a disease ( weak I.S)

Transport pathway of the diseasen(waterbourne/ fecal-oral)

Influence on the flow of a disease (A.BIO. resistance)

Question 5

what is social prophylaxis

Answer 5

social prophylaxis occurs After a social factor has been identifies & consists of the development of preventative programs that inhibit any kind of influence/impact by this factor

Question 6

list the types of prophylaxis

Answer 6

primordial prevention

primary prevention

secondary prevention

tertiary prevention

Question 7

what is Primary prevention

Answer 7

intervention during the susceptible stage to reduce RF exposure & prevent the actual disease occuring

• prevent the actual occurrence of a disease.
  
  • Specific Prevention – such as immunisations, vaccinations, B12 & Folic acid for pregnant women, idonisation of salt,
  • Non-specific Prevention – Health promotion in form of enhancing awareness, changing behaviours and supporting good health practices.

Question 8

what is Secondary prevention

Answer 8

Early detection and treatment of diseases at the pre-clinical and clinical stages to prevent progression and the development of complications.

• screenings
• excercise
• check ups

Question 9

What is Tertiary prevention

Answer 9

Full disease picture present. SM aim is the Limitation of disability and for the rehabilitation of a diease

e.g

• Rehabilitation
• Support groups

Question 10

What is social therapy

Answer 10

introduction of sociotherapeutic factors with inclusion of positive factors that should promote re-establishment of health.

• intervention occurs on both the levels of social factors and health of the individual and population
• they eliminate social risk factors
• use political action in the form of legislation

Question 11

What are the social determinants of disease

Answer 11

• Social gradient: position on social ladder
  
  • ​lower place= worse health
  • tackled by health policies
• Unemployment:
  
  • Job security increases health, well-being & job satisfaction
    
    • 1)chronic stress
    • 2)problem with family + society.
• Work
  
  • occupational risk factors e.g. farmers w/ pesticides and doctors in emergency situations
  • ​stress in work place increases disease risk
  • control of work stress= better health
  • • Transport.
  • Too many cars can cause major air polution, car accident ect. city can encourage environmentally friendly methods such at bicycle.
• Stress​
  
  • ​Physiological condition where human organism tries to cope with factors. Organism tries to maintain homeostasis. Usually physiological.
  • long term exposure increases risks of certain diseases e.g. CDV
• Addiction.
  
  • Activity or substance that affects lifestyle.
  • Affects more individual health.
• Food
  
  • Most cancer and autoimmune disease be related to food
  • ​political issue
  • Global market controls food supply
• Early life:
  
  • development & education​
  • Health care service for pregnant women and children used indirectly to determine how good the health care system is.
• Social exclusion
  
  • ​. Groups of people isolated. Either when group wants
    to be isolated or when general population not willing to have minority group in their terrority. They tend to have lower health?
• Social support
  
  • Volunteer work by society to health care system improves the quality.
  • ​

Question 12

How is social medicine a Intergrative science

Answer 12

General social medicine

• basic SM & methodoligies

Integrated public science(medical)

• medical Ethics
• medical Demography
• medical Statistics

Integrated medical & clinical discipline (social)

• social Hygiene
• social Paediatrics
• social Pharmacology

Applied discipline (health)

• health Management
• health Promotion
• health Legislation

Question 13

what is primordial prevention

Answer 13

prevention before the risk factors develop and aims to elinimante thier development entirely

Question 14

what is social rehabilitation

Answer 14

introduction of positive social factors to help individuals to progress to healthy life and re-introduction into society

the GP is responsible for the social rehab and gather’s a team especially for the pt and disease e.g.

child require paediatric consultant for the disease, social team, educators etc

Question 15

why are social factors imprtant

Answer 15

they come from lifestyle and environment and can affect health e.g. HTN is primarily caused by social factors even though genetics pays a part.

sx of htn is high bp

high bp is caused by

• stress
• smokng
• salty diet

Question 16

define prevention

Answer 16

an activity that aims to eliminate risk factors