social etiology, social prophylaxis, social therapy and social rehabilitation of the diseases. Flashcards

1
Q

what is the definition of social etiology

A

the degree of impact of social factors on individual or public health.

The impact may either be of indirect vs. direct character

can also be positive or negative or a combination of both

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2
Q

What are the 5 social factors?

A
  1. Personal social factors
    * age, sex, habits
  2. Familial social factors
  • number of ppl in the house
  • condition of the house
  • clean water
  1. Professional social factors
    * occupational diseases
  2. Public social factors
  • air pollution
  • car accidents
  1. social factors Related to the HealthCare services.
  • access to health systems
  • ambulances
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3
Q

what is the difference between Direct and Indirect social factors

A

Direct: transmission by direct physical contact e.g. stds, contamination

Indirect: transmission by a pathogen entering host. e.g. vectors (malaria)

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4
Q

What are the common methods social factors have a negative impact?

A

Direct cause of the disease

Predisposition to a disease ( weak I.S)

Transport pathway of the diseasen(waterbourne/ fecal-oral)

Influence on the flow of a disease (A.BIO. resistance)

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5
Q

what is social prophylaxis

A

social prophylaxis occurs After a social factor has been identifies & consists of the development of preventative programs that inhibit any kind of influence/impact by this factor

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6
Q

list the types of prophylaxis

A

primordial prevention

primary prevention

secondary prevention

tertiary prevention

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7
Q

what is Primary prevention

A

intervention during the susceptible stage to reduce RF exposure & prevent the actual disease occuring

  • prevent the actual occurrence of a disease.
    • Specific Prevention – such as immunisations, vaccinations, B12 & Folic acid for pregnant women, idonisation of salt,
    • Non-specific PreventionHealth promotion in form of enhancing awareness, changing behaviours and supporting good health practices.
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8
Q

what is Secondary prevention

A

Early detection and treatment of diseases at the pre-clinical and clinical stages to prevent progression and the development of complications.

  • screenings
  • excercise
  • check ups
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9
Q

What is Tertiary prevention

A

Full disease picture present. SM aim is the Limitation of disability and for the rehabilitation of a diease

e.g

  • Rehabilitation
  • Support groups
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10
Q

What is social therapy

A

introduction of sociotherapeutic factors with inclusion of positive factors that should promote re-establishment of health.

  • intervention occurs on both the levels of social factors and health of the individual and population
  • they eliminate social risk factors
  • use political action in the form of legislation
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11
Q

What are the social determinants of disease

A
  • Social gradient: position on social ladder
    • lower place= worse health
    • tackled by health policies
  • Unemployment:
    • Job security increases health, well-being & job satisfaction
      • 1)chronic stress
      • 2)problem with family + society.
  • Work
    • occupational risk factors e.g. farmers w/ pesticides and doctors in emergency situations
    • stress in work place increases disease risk
    • control of work stress= better health
      • Transport.
    • Too many cars can cause major air polution, car accident ect. city can encourage environmentally friendly methods such at bicycle.
  • Stress
    • Physiological condition where human organism tries to cope with factors. Organism tries to maintain homeostasis. Usually physiological.
    • long term exposure increases risks of certain diseases e.g. CDV
  • Addiction.
    • Activity or substance that affects lifestyle.
    • Affects more individual health.
  • Food
    • Most cancer and autoimmune disease be related to food
    • political issue
    • Global market controls food supply
  • Early life:
    • development & education
    • Health care service for pregnant women and children used indirectly to determine how good the health care system is.
  • Social exclusion
    • . Groups of people isolated. Either when group wants
      to be isolated or when general population not willing to have minority group in their terrority. They tend to have lower health?
  • Social support
    • Volunteer work by society to health care system improves the quality.
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12
Q

How is social medicine a Intergrative science

A

General social medicine

  • basic SM & methodoligies

Integrated public science(medical)

  • medical Ethics
  • medical Demography
  • medical Statistics

Integrated medical & clinical discipline (social)

  • social Hygiene
  • social Paediatrics
  • social Pharmacology

Applied discipline (health)

  • health Management
  • health Promotion
  • health Legislation
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13
Q

what is primordial prevention

A

prevention before the risk factors develop and aims to elinimante thier development entirely

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14
Q

what is social rehabilitation

A

introduction of positive social factors to help individuals to progress to healthy life and re-introduction into society

the GP is responsible for the social rehab and gather’s a team especially for the pt and disease e.g.

child require paediatric consultant for the disease, social team, educators etc

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15
Q

why are social factors imprtant

A

they come from lifestyle and environment and can affect health e.g. HTN is primarily caused by social factors even though genetics pays a part.

sx of htn is high bp

high bp is caused by

  • stress
  • smokng
  • salty diet
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16
Q

define prevention

A

an activity that aims to eliminate risk factors