social etiology, social prophylaxis, social therapy and social rehabilitation of the diseases. Flashcards
what is the definition of social etiology
the degree of impact of social factors on individual or public health.
The impact may either be of indirect vs. direct character
can also be positive or negative or a combination of both
What are the 5 social factors?
- Personal social factors
* age, sex, habits - Familial social factors
- number of ppl in the house
- condition of the house
- clean water
- Professional social factors
* occupational diseases - Public social factors
- air pollution
- car accidents
- social factors Related to the HealthCare services.
- access to health systems
- ambulances
what is the difference between Direct and Indirect social factors
Direct: transmission by direct physical contact e.g. stds, contamination
Indirect: transmission by a pathogen entering host. e.g. vectors (malaria)
What are the common methods social factors have a negative impact?
Direct cause of the disease
Predisposition to a disease ( weak I.S)
Transport pathway of the diseasen(waterbourne/ fecal-oral)
Influence on the flow of a disease (A.BIO. resistance)
what is social prophylaxis
social prophylaxis occurs After a social factor has been identifies & consists of the development of preventative programs that inhibit any kind of influence/impact by this factor
list the types of prophylaxis
primordial prevention
primary prevention
secondary prevention
tertiary prevention
what is Primary prevention
intervention during the susceptible stage to reduce RF exposure & prevent the actual disease occuring
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prevent the actual occurrence of a disease.
- Specific Prevention – such as immunisations, vaccinations, B12 & Folic acid for pregnant women, idonisation of salt,
- Non-specific Prevention – Health promotion in form of enhancing awareness, changing behaviours and supporting good health practices.
what is Secondary prevention
Early detection and treatment of diseases at the pre-clinical and clinical stages to prevent progression and the development of complications.
- screenings
- excercise
- check ups
What is Tertiary prevention
Full disease picture present. SM aim is the Limitation of disability and for the rehabilitation of a diease
e.g
- Rehabilitation
- Support groups
What is social therapy
introduction of sociotherapeutic factors with inclusion of positive factors that should promote re-establishment of health.
- intervention occurs on both the levels of social factors and health of the individual and population
- they eliminate social risk factors
- use political action in the form of legislation
What are the social determinants of disease
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Social gradient: position on social ladder
- lower place= worse health
- tackled by health policies
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Unemployment:
- Job security increases health, well-being & job satisfaction
- 1)chronic stress
- 2)problem with family + society.
- Job security increases health, well-being & job satisfaction
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Work
- occupational risk factors e.g. farmers w/ pesticides and doctors in emergency situations
- stress in work place increases disease risk
- control of work stress= better health
- Transport.
- Too many cars can cause major air polution, car accident ect. city can encourage environmentally friendly methods such at bicycle.
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Stress
- Physiological condition where human organism tries to cope with factors. Organism tries to maintain homeostasis. Usually physiological.
- long term exposure increases risks of certain diseases e.g. CDV
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Addiction.
- Activity or substance that affects lifestyle.
- Affects more individual health.
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Food
- Most cancer and autoimmune disease be related to food
- political issue
- Global market controls food supply
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Early life:
- development & education
- Health care service for pregnant women and children used indirectly to determine how good the health care system is.
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Social exclusion
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. Groups of people isolated. Either when group wants
to be isolated or when general population not willing to have minority group in their terrority. They tend to have lower health?
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. Groups of people isolated. Either when group wants
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Social support
- Volunteer work by society to health care system improves the quality.
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How is social medicine a Intergrative science
General social medicine
- basic SM & methodoligies
Integrated public science(medical)
- medical Ethics
- medical Demography
- medical Statistics
Integrated medical & clinical discipline (social)
- social Hygiene
- social Paediatrics
- social Pharmacology
Applied discipline (health)
- health Management
- health Promotion
- health Legislation
what is primordial prevention
prevention before the risk factors develop and aims to elinimante thier development entirely
what is social rehabilitation
introduction of positive social factors to help individuals to progress to healthy life and re-introduction into society
the GP is responsible for the social rehab and gather’s a team especially for the pt and disease e.g.
child require paediatric consultant for the disease, social team, educators etc
why are social factors imprtant
they come from lifestyle and environment and can affect health e.g. HTN is primarily caused by social factors even though genetics pays a part.
sx of htn is high bp
high bp is caused by
- stress
- smokng
- salty diet