8. Demographic Policy. Family Planning Flashcards
What is a demographic policy?
what does it affect?
• A demographic policy is an organic and integrated set of procedures designed to influence population growth and movement; with mithads acting directly &/or indirectly in accordance with predetermined objectives.
demographic policies affect:
- population statics and dynamics(one child policy china)
- reviews migration
- economic patterns (e.g., the purchasing power of a cohort),
- Social processes (e.g., the availability of family support in old age),
- Social policy (e.g., the effect of population aging on pension).
- ‘Demographic determinism’ or ‘apocalyptic demography’
*
criticism of demographics
- Ignores intervening variables – economic, political, social,
- Researchers and media have used or misused demographic data to present a crisis when the factual evidence does not support it.
what is Family planning (FP)
Family planning (FP) is the ability of individuals and couples to anticipate and attain their desired number of children and the spacing and timing of their births
The concept of family is not easy to define. The family has
been variously described as the nucleus and pillar of
society and the natural bridge between the individual and
society.
How is family planning achieved?
1) Contraception – any means capable of preventing pregnancy.
- temporary
- permanent
2)Treatment of involuntary infertility
- familly planning/counselling
- education
Family planning is widely available and easily accessible through midwives and other trained health workers to anyone who is sexually active, including adolescents.
In a family one person’s health affects the other members
factors influencing family planning
- financial status
- marital status
- career aspirations
- disability & genetics
- no of current children
What are the temporary methods of contraception?
- Periodic abstinence during the fertile period
- Coitus interruptus (withdrawal)
- Using the naturally occurring periods of infertility (e.g.
during breast-feeding and postpartum amenorrhoea) - Use of reproductive hormones (e.g. oral pills and long-
acting injections and implants) - Placement of a device in the uterus (e.g. copper-bearing and
hormone-releasing intrauterine devices) - Interposing a barrier that prevents the ascension of the sperm
into the upper female genital trace (e.g. condoms, diaphragms,
and spermicides).
What are the permanent methods of contraception?
male & female sterilisation
what is vital registration in relation to population dynamics
- vital registration is the recording of vital events according to UN 2003
- death
- live birth
- legitimation of birth
- fetal death
- adoption
- legitimation of parenthood
- marriage
- anulment of marriage
- legal seperation
- divorce
difference between vital registration and census
4 criteria of what Vital Registrations should be
- complete
- compulsory
- continous
- permanent
what are the main items and additional items of Vital Registration
- Age&Sex,
- date of occurence,
- Date of Registration,
- Place of Residence
difference between vital registration and public registration
vital register
- continous data on vital events but each register is kept seperate
population register
- continous record if all vital events
- intergrated and comprehensive system
- shows vital events and the migration of everyone in the population
definition of live birth
The complete expulsion or extraction from its mother of a product of conception, irrespective of the duration of pregnancy, which after such seperation breathes or shows any other evidence of life such as beating heart, pulsating umbilical cord, or definite movement of voluntary muscles whether or not the umbilical cord has been cut
definition of death
the complete loss of the function of the cerebral cortex and brainstem
definition of fetal death
death prior to the complete expulsion or extraction from its mother of a product of conception.
early: before 20 wks
imdt: 20-27wls
late; over 28 wks
