social entrepreneurship

Question 1

social entrepreneurship

Answer 1

-form of entrepreneurship with the purpose of social problem solving
-private-sector focus on innovation, risk-taking, and large-scale transformation used to pursue solutions to social problems
-sale of products or services to drive an explicit or central social mission

Question 2

social entrepreneur

Answer 2

-a person to small group who founds or leads an organization or initiative engaged in social entrepreneurship
-sometimes also referred to as “public entrepreneurs”, “civic entrepreneurs,” or “social entrepreneurs”

Question 3

social entrepreneurship process

Answer 3

begins and ends with desire for social change
-desire for social change
-translation into business opportunity
-creative acquisition of utilization of resources
-achievement of social impact

Question 4

social purpose ventures

Answer 4

aim is to resolve a social problem and make a profit

Question 5

social consequence entrepreneurship

Answer 5

describes a for-profit venture whose primary market impact is social

Question 6

enterprising nonprofits

Answer 6

both the venture mission and the market impact are for social purposes
any profits made must be channeled back into the organization
enterprising nonprofits include earned income activities, and venture philanthropy

Question 7

hybrid models of social entrepreneurship

Answer 7

emphasizes economic and social goals
hybrid models exploit the advantages of both for profit and nonprofit models

Question 8

impact investment funds

Answer 8

look for a return on investment and to make a social/environmental impact

Question 9

community fund

Answer 9

invest in economic development

Question 10

Microfinance as a source of social financing

Answer 10

describes financial serves to people ineligible to receive banking services
-loans
-insurance
-savings

Question 11

unintended consequences of social entrepreneurship: Toms Shoes

Answer 11

“buy one give one”
founded in 2006 by Blake Mycoskie
Has given away 35 million pairs of shoes in over 60 countries
critics believe this model could stifle local business

Question 12

triple bottom line

Answer 12

an accounting framework that goes beyond the traditional measures for profit, return on investment, and shareholder value to include environmental and social dimensions

profits (sales)
people (put people first in everything)
planet (climate conscious)

Question 13

economic performance / profits (triple bottom line)

Answer 13

-personal income
-cost of underemployment
-establishment sizes
-job growth
-employment distribution by sector
-percentage of firms in each sector
-revenue by sector contributing to gross state product

Question 14

social performance / people (triple bottom line)

Answer 14

-unemployment rate
-median household income
-relative poverty
-percentage of population with a post secondary degree or certificate
-average commute time
-violent crimes per capita
-health adjusted life expectancy

Question 15

environmental performance / planet (triple bottom line)

Answer 15

-hazardous chemical concentrations
-selected priority pollutants
-electricity consumption
-fossil fuel consumption
-solid waste management
-hazardous waste management
-change in land use/land cover

Question 16

certified B corporation (“B corp”)

Answer 16

purpose: to create a material positive impact on society and the environment
accountability: to have a fiduciary duty to consider the interests of workers, the community, and the environment
transparency: to report annually to the public on overall social and environmental performance with credible and transparent 3rd party standard

Question 17

over ___ companies globally spanning ___ countries and ___ industries

Answer 17

4,000
77
153

Question 18

Unilever has acquired ___ B corps including Ben & Jerry’s and Sevenths Generation

Answer 18

8

Question 19

there are ___ B corps that are now publicly traded firms

Answer 19

30

Question 20

there is a __% greater likelihood that a B corp survived the great recession

Answer 20

63%

Question 21

ethics of social entrepreneurs

Answer 21

-could a social entrepreneurial venture be unethical in its business practices? can the ends justify the means?
-is it fair to pay employees of a non-profit less money than they could be making elsewhere?
-how important should finances be to a social entrepreneur?

Question 22

wicked problems

Answer 22

complex social problems with no clear solution, pose challenges and opportunities to social entrepreneurs

ex: environment, poverty, sustainability, equality, education, child mortality, sanitation, terrorism, health

Question 23

Conklin’s defining characteristics of wicked problems

Answer 23

1. the problem is not understood until after the formulation of a solution
2. wicked problems have no stopping rule
3. solutions to wicked problems are not right or wrong
4. every wicked problem is essentially novel and unique
5. every solution to a wicked problem is a one shot operation
6. wicked problems have no given alternative solutions

Question 24

millennials expected to outnumber baby boomers

Answer 24

this year

Question 25

a record number of Americans live in

Answer 25

multigenerational households - part of a broader trend toward more shared living

Question 26

institution of marriage

Answer 26

continues to change

Question 27

motherhood and family size

Answer 27

ticking up in the US, after years of decline

Question 28

more than ___ migrants worldwide

Answer 28

250 million

Question 29

new refugee arrivals

Answer 29

down in the US and their religious composition has changed

Question 30

international arrivals to the US

Answer 30

have risen among some groups such as college students

Question 31

trends of our current society and growing population might include

Answer 31

-rebalancing world resources
-mobile
-ubiquitous delivery
-3D communication any time and any place
-diversification of food sources
-proliferation of learning tools through the Internet
-social media
-holographic printing
-miniaturization
-access to data
-jobs automated
-online education
-AI