Social Effects on Behavior

Question 1

Social Loafing

Answer 1

people tend to work less hard in group settings

Question 2

Bystander Effect

Answer 2

people tend to not offer help to someone if other bystanders are present

Question 3

Deindividuation

Answer 3

loss of sense of self-awareness in a large group

Question 4

Group Polarization

Answer 4

group of people will arrive at a final opinion that is more extreme than the initial opinions of the group members

Question 5

Groupthink

Answer 5

irrational decisions made within a group due to pressures towards group and individual harmony

Question 6

Conformity

Answer 6

when someones behavior, beliefs, or thinking changes to line up with the perspectives of others

Question 7

Internalization

Answer 7

genuine change in someones beliefs

Question 8

Compliance (in conformity)

Answer 8

person conforms externally but internally dissents

Question 9

Identification

Answer 9

person’s beliefs change only in the presence of the group

Question 10

Compliance (outside of conformity)

Answer 10

response to requests from someone with no power to enforce requests

Question 11

Foot-in-the-door Technique (compliance technique)

Answer 11

making a small request, followed by a larger request

Question 12

Door-in-the-face Technique (compliance technique)

Answer 12

making a larger request you know will be rejected and then making a smaller request (the request you wanted all along)

Question 13

Lowball Technique (compliance technique)

Answer 13

offering a low price, only to raise it at the last minute

Question 14

Obedience

Answer 14

change in behavior in response to a direct request from someone with power to reinforce it

Question 15

Social Norms

Answer 15

rules, spoken or unspoken, that regulate behavior, beliefs, attitudes, and values of members in society

Question 16

Social Control

Answer 16

way norms are taught, enforced and perpetuated

Question 17

Deviance

Answer 17

when someone doesn’t follow a norm

Question 18

Formal Social Norm

Answer 18

encoded somewhere with specific penalties for violations

Question 19

Informal Social Norm

Answer 19

not written down; simply expectations with no fixed penalties for violating them

Question 20

Folkaways

Answer 20

insignificant informal norms that involve small details

Question 21

Mores

Answer 21

informal norms which incur severe disapproval when violated

Question 22

Taboos

Answer 22

even more restrictive than mores, generate extreme disapproval

Question 23

Sanctions

Answer 23

punishment/negative consequences for violating a social norm or rewards for following one

Question 24

Differential Association Theory

Answer 24

views deviance as behavior that is learned socially

Question 25

Labelling Approach

Answer 25

focuses on how behavior is effected by being labeled as. a deviant

Question 26

Primary Deviance

Answer 26

deviant acts committed before being labeled

Question 27

Secondary Deviance

Answer 27

deviant acts committed after being labeled, partially in reaction to being labeled, treated more harshly

Question 28

Strain Theory

Answer 28

focuses on the role of social and economic pressure towards deviance

Question 29

Socialization

Answer 29

how we learn informal and formal norms by interacting with other people and insitutions

Question 30

Fads

Answer 30

new behavior that suddenly becomes extremely popular then fades

Question 31

Mass Hysteria

Answer 31

irrational fear of perceived threat, veering on the point of collective decision

Question 32

Riots

Answer 32

spontaneous episodes of civil disorder

Question 33

Group Deviance

Answer 33

seriousness depends on norms that are violated