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MCAT Psych/Soc > Psychological Disorders > Flashcards

Psychological Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

Major Depressive Disorder

A

presence of at least 1 major depressive episode

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2
Q

Major Depressive Episode

A

minimum 2 week period including 5 or more symptoms

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3
Q

Dysthymia

A

less intense form of depression

must occur for at least 2 years

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4
Q

Persistent Depressive Disorder

A

experiencing depressive symptoms for 2 years or longer

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5
Q

Seasonal Affective Disorder

A

major depressive disorder with a regular seasonal pattern of onset, usually during the winter months

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6
Q

Bipolar Disorders

A

both depressive and manic episodes

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7
Q

Manic Episode

A

period lasting at least 1 week during which a person experiences an unusually elevated mood and at least 3 symptoms

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8
Q

Grandiosity/ unrealistically inflated Self-Esteem

A

symptom of manic episode

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9
Q

Reduced need for sleep

A

symptom of manic episode

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10
Q

High levels of distractibility

A

symptom of manic episode

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11
Q

agitation

A

symptom of manic episode

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12
Q

rapid speech or abnormal locquaciousness

A

symptom of manic episode

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13
Q

racing thoughts

A

symptom of manic episode

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14
Q

tendency to engage in high risk behavior

A

symptom of manic episode

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15
Q

intense sadness/depressed mood

A

symptom of depressive episode

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16
Q

lack of interest in activities previously enjoyed

A

symptom of depressive episode

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17
Q

weight changes

A

symptom of depressive episode

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18
Q

sleep disturbances

A

symptom of depressive episode

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19
Q

appetite disturbances

A

symptom of depressive episode

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20
Q

feelings of excessive guilt or wothlessness

A

symptom of depressive episode

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21
Q

reduced energy

A

symptom of depressive episode

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22
Q

psychomotor symptoms

A

symptom of depressive episode

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23
Q

difficulty focusing attention

A

symptom of depressive episode

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24
Q

thoughts of death or suicidal ideation

A

symptom of depressive episode

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25
Q

Bipolar I

A

primarily characterized by mania

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26
Q

Bipolar II

A

primarily characterized by depression

hypomania

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27
Q

Cyclothymic Disorder

A

similar to Bipolar II with hypomania and a lower intensity of depression

28
Q

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

A

disproportionate level of stress and worry regarding a diverse range of otherwise routine aspects of life

29
Q

Social Anxiety Disorder

A

intense feeling of stress linked to social situations

30
Q

Illness Anxiety Disorder

A

excessive concern about medical condition in the absence of physical symptoms

31
Q

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

A

obsessions- intrusive, impulsive, persistent thoughts

compulsions- ritualistic and repetitive behaviors that result from obsessions

32
Q

Body Dysmorphic Disorder

A

obsessive focus on a perceived flaw in one’s appearance that is objectively minor or nonexistent

33
Q

PTSD

A

pattern of intrusive recollections, avoidance of stimuli related to trauma, negative changes in mood and cognitions related to the trauma

34
Q

Somatic Symptom Disorder

A

excessive preoccupation of focus on a physical symptom

35
Q

Conversion Disorder

A

physical symptoms involving the impairment of sensory of voluntary motor function with no biological cause

36
Q

Dissociative Disorders

A

disconnect from one’s routine state of consciousness and/or personality

37
Q

Dissociative Identity Disorder

A

individual has 2 or more distinct personalities that appear at different times

38
Q

Dissociative Amnesia

A

a form of retrograde amnesia in which people lose episodic memories about their lives

39
Q

Depersonalization Disorder

A

pattern in which people feel a sense of unreality about their own existence

40
Q

Schizophrenia Positive Symptoms (added in)

A

hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thought and/or behavior, abnormal movement patterns

41
Q

Schizophrenia Negative Symptom

A

diminished level of emotional intensity

42
Q

Schizophrenia Treatment

A

antipsychotic medications

therapy based interventions

43
Q

Hallucinations

A

perceptions of a non-existent external sensory stimuli

usually auditory

44
Q

Delusiosn

A

beliefs that conflict with reality and do not reflect a broader cultural consensus

45
Q

Delusions of Persecution

A

powerful forces are acting against the person’s best interest

46
Q

Delusions of Grandeur

A

outsized belief in ones exceptional nature

47
Q

Thought Insertions

A

belief that thoughts can be transmitted into your head

48
Q

Thought Broadcasting

A

belief that your thoughts are visible to others

49
Q

Abnormal Movement Patterns

A

energy-consuming, unusual movements that occur without a specific external cause

50
Q

Personality Disorders

A

maladaptive behavioral patterns that cause persistent problems in a person’s life

51
Q

Cluster A (PSS)

A

paranoid personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, schizotypal personality disorder

52
Q

Paranoid Personality Disorder

A

high level of distrust towards others, tendency to interpret innocent actions as involving malevolent intent

53
Q

Schizoid Personality Disorder

A

marked presence for solitude, tendency to form few relationships

54
Q

Schizotypal Personality Disorder

A

intense discomfort in social contexts

55
Q

Cluster B (AHNB)

A

Antisocial, narcissistic, histrionic, borderline

56
Q

Antisocial

A

pervasive pattern of disregard for the rights of others, lack of remorse

57
Q

Narcissitic

A

pervasive sense of one’s unique talents, brilliance, and attractiveness, shallow conflict driven relationship with others

58
Q

Histrionic

A

pattern of flashy, attention-seeking behavior, not fully sincere emotional expressions

59
Q

Borderline

A

tendency for extremely intense but unstable emotions and moods, risky impulsive behavior

60
Q

Cluster C (ADO)

A

Avoidant, dependent, obssesive-compulsive

61
Q

Avoidant

A

persistent sense of inadequacy and hypersensitivity to criticism

62
Q

Dependent

A

profound need to be taken care of by others

63
Q

Obsessive-Compulsive

A

excessive concern with orders, rules, and regulations

64
Q

Biological Basis of Schizophrenia

A

strong genetic component, increased dopamine concentration

65
Q

Biological Basis of Parkinson’s

A

cell death in substantia nigra, decreased dopamine concentration

66
Q

Biological Basis of Depression

A

deficiencies in serotonin and dopamine

67
Q

Biological Basis of Alzehimer’s

A

clumps of beta amyloid protein plaques and fibrillary tangles of tau proteins in the brain, decreased acetylcholine concentration in the brain

MCAT Psych/Soc (14 decks)

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