Psychological Disorders Flashcards
Major Depressive Disorder
presence of at least 1 major depressive episode
Major Depressive Episode
minimum 2 week period including 5 or more symptoms
Dysthymia
less intense form of depression
must occur for at least 2 years
Persistent Depressive Disorder
experiencing depressive symptoms for 2 years or longer
Seasonal Affective Disorder
major depressive disorder with a regular seasonal pattern of onset, usually during the winter months
Bipolar Disorders
both depressive and manic episodes
Manic Episode
period lasting at least 1 week during which a person experiences an unusually elevated mood and at least 3 symptoms
Grandiosity/ unrealistically inflated Self-Esteem
symptom of manic episode
Reduced need for sleep
symptom of manic episode
High levels of distractibility
symptom of manic episode
agitation
symptom of manic episode
rapid speech or abnormal locquaciousness
symptom of manic episode
racing thoughts
symptom of manic episode
tendency to engage in high risk behavior
symptom of manic episode
intense sadness/depressed mood
symptom of depressive episode
lack of interest in activities previously enjoyed
symptom of depressive episode
weight changes
symptom of depressive episode
sleep disturbances
symptom of depressive episode
appetite disturbances
symptom of depressive episode
feelings of excessive guilt or wothlessness
symptom of depressive episode
reduced energy
symptom of depressive episode
psychomotor symptoms
symptom of depressive episode
difficulty focusing attention
symptom of depressive episode
thoughts of death or suicidal ideation
symptom of depressive episode
Bipolar I
primarily characterized by mania
Bipolar II
primarily characterized by depression
hypomania
Cyclothymic Disorder
similar to Bipolar II with hypomania and a lower intensity of depression
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
disproportionate level of stress and worry regarding a diverse range of otherwise routine aspects of life
Social Anxiety Disorder
intense feeling of stress linked to social situations
Illness Anxiety Disorder
excessive concern about medical condition in the absence of physical symptoms
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
obsessions- intrusive, impulsive, persistent thoughts
compulsions- ritualistic and repetitive behaviors that result from obsessions
Body Dysmorphic Disorder
obsessive focus on a perceived flaw in one’s appearance that is objectively minor or nonexistent
PTSD
pattern of intrusive recollections, avoidance of stimuli related to trauma, negative changes in mood and cognitions related to the trauma
Somatic Symptom Disorder
excessive preoccupation of focus on a physical symptom
Conversion Disorder
physical symptoms involving the impairment of sensory of voluntary motor function with no biological cause
Dissociative Disorders
disconnect from one’s routine state of consciousness and/or personality
Dissociative Identity Disorder
individual has 2 or more distinct personalities that appear at different times
Dissociative Amnesia
a form of retrograde amnesia in which people lose episodic memories about their lives
Depersonalization Disorder
pattern in which people feel a sense of unreality about their own existence
Schizophrenia Positive Symptoms (added in)
hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thought and/or behavior, abnormal movement patterns
Schizophrenia Negative Symptom
diminished level of emotional intensity
Schizophrenia Treatment
antipsychotic medications
therapy based interventions
Hallucinations
perceptions of a non-existent external sensory stimuli
usually auditory
Delusiosn
beliefs that conflict with reality and do not reflect a broader cultural consensus
Delusions of Persecution
powerful forces are acting against the person’s best interest
Delusions of Grandeur
outsized belief in ones exceptional nature
Thought Insertions
belief that thoughts can be transmitted into your head
Thought Broadcasting
belief that your thoughts are visible to others
Abnormal Movement Patterns
energy-consuming, unusual movements that occur without a specific external cause
Personality Disorders
maladaptive behavioral patterns that cause persistent problems in a person’s life
Cluster A (PSS)
paranoid personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, schizotypal personality disorder
Paranoid Personality Disorder
high level of distrust towards others, tendency to interpret innocent actions as involving malevolent intent
Schizoid Personality Disorder
marked presence for solitude, tendency to form few relationships
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
intense discomfort in social contexts
Cluster B (AHNB)
Antisocial, narcissistic, histrionic, borderline
Antisocial
pervasive pattern of disregard for the rights of others, lack of remorse
Narcissitic
pervasive sense of one’s unique talents, brilliance, and attractiveness, shallow conflict driven relationship with others
Histrionic
pattern of flashy, attention-seeking behavior, not fully sincere emotional expressions
Borderline
tendency for extremely intense but unstable emotions and moods, risky impulsive behavior
Cluster C (ADO)
Avoidant, dependent, obssesive-compulsive
Avoidant
persistent sense of inadequacy and hypersensitivity to criticism
Dependent
profound need to be taken care of by others
Obsessive-Compulsive
excessive concern with orders, rules, and regulations
Biological Basis of Schizophrenia
strong genetic component, increased dopamine concentration
Biological Basis of Parkinson’s
cell death in substantia nigra, decreased dopamine concentration
Biological Basis of Depression
deficiencies in serotonin and dopamine
Biological Basis of Alzehimer’s
clumps of beta amyloid protein plaques and fibrillary tangles of tau proteins in the brain, decreased acetylcholine concentration in the brain
