Memory Flashcards
Priming
effect of context on our ability to perceive stimuli
Positive Priming
promotes processing of subsequent stimuli
Negative Priming
inhibits processing of subsequent stimuli
Chunking
complex stimulus broken down into smaller components
Method of Loci
mentally mapping information onto an imaginary space
Sensory Memory
instantaneous, temporarily stored, decays quickly
Long-Term Memory
hours to years, limited storage
Semantic Long-Term Memory
explicit, specific pieces of information
Procedural Long-Term Memory
implicit, how to do something
Episodic Long-Term Memory
memory of experiences
Short-Term Memory
tens of seconds to minutes, small capacity
Working Memory
cognitive and attentional processes used in short term memory
Visuospatial Sketchpad
buffer that holds onto info as it is processed by working memory
Flashbulb Memory
extremely vivid and detailed memories of important times in life
Eidetic Memory
photographic, ability to remember a stimulus in great detail after a relatively short exposure
Iconic Memory
a highly detailed visual image can remain in our perception after the stimulus itself is removed
Prospective Memory
memories about plans for the future
Spreading Activation
when a concept is brought to mind and activation is spread across adjacent nodes of conceptual networks
Source Monitoring Errors
correctly remembering info but misattribute the source
Primacy Effect
easier to remember the first terms of a list
Recency Effect
easier to remember the last terms of a list
Serial Position Effect
the extreme ends of a list are favorable for recall
Spacing Effect
recall is more effective when the learning process is spaced out
Dual-Coding Effect
studying multiple modalities is more effective
State-Dependent Effect
a certain mood might promote the recall of memories that were encoded when you were in a similar mood
Misinformation Effect
info we subsequently obtain can affect how we remember the original memory
Reproductive Memory
we encode information and reproduce it as needed
Reconstructed Memory
we build memories based on our perceptions of ourselves and others
Proactive Interference
older memories inhibit the consolidation/retrieval of new memories
Retroactive Interference
new memories inhibit retrieval of old memories
Retrograde Amnesia
inability to remember past events
Anterograde Amnesia
inability to form new memories
Conflabulation
fabrication of false stories
