Social Economic Determinants of Health - Diabetes/Obesity

Question 1

What demographic does death take in Africa?

Answer 1

Young

Question 2

What demographic does death take in high income countries?

Answer 2

Old

Question 3

Out of every ten deaths, how many occur because of

• Non-communicable disease (group II)?
• Communicable, reproductive, or nutritional conditions (group I)?
• Injury (group III)?

Answer 3

Group I = 3
Group II = 6
Group III = 1

Question 4

Which populations are majorly impacted by group I conditions?

Answer 4

Poor populations

Question 5

Why do group I conditions decline at a faster rate than group II and III conditions?

Answer 5

Because of epidemiological transition

Question 6

Are males or females more affected by group III conditions?

Answer 6

Males

Question 7

What is the leading cause of death?

Answer 7

Cardiovascular diseases

• Ischaemic heart disease
• Cerebrovascular disease

Question 8

Do males or females die more of cardiovascular diseases?

Answer 8

Females

Question 9

What do unintentional injuries include?

Answer 9

Homicide
Sexual assault
Neglect
Abandonment

Question 10

Do males or females die more of unintentional injuries?

Answer 10

Males

Question 11

What do intentional injuries include?

Answer 11

Suicide

War

Question 12

Do males or females die more of intentional injuries?

Answer 12

Males

Question 13

Where do the largest number of deaths of children occur?

Answer 13

In poorest parts of world

• Africa
• South-East Asia

Question 14

What is the biggest cause of death among people aged 15 to 59 in Africa?

Answer 14

AIDS

Question 15

What is the biggest cause of death among people aged 15 and 59 in the Americas?

Answer 15

Injuries

Question 16

What is the biggest cause of death among people aged 15 and 59 in Europe?

Answer 16

Injuries and cardiovascular diseases

Question 17

How are causes of death expected to change into the future?

Answer 17

Most group I causes expected to decline
- Mostly because of epidemiological shift
Group II causes expected to increase
Road traffic accidents expected to increases, but offset by decrease in other unintentional injuries

Question 18

What is the biggest cause of morbidity globally?

Answer 18

Diarrhoea

Question 19

What is the leading risk factor for mortality globally?

Answer 19

High blood pressure

Question 20

What is the leading risk factor for burden of disease globally?

Answer 20

Childhood underweight

Question 21

What are some environmental risks contributing to child mortality?

Answer 21

Unsafe water
Sanitation issues
Indoor smoke

Question 22

What risk factors are responsible for more than half the deaths due to heart disease globally?

Answer 22

Low fruit and vegetable intake
Lack of exercise
Alcohol and tobacco use
High body mass index
High cholesterol
High blood glucose
High blood pressure

Question 23

What is responsible for virtually all deaths due to cervical cancer?

Answer 23

Unsafe sex

Question 24

What individual factors are part of the key determinants of obesity?

Answer 24

Genes
Prenatal and postnatal influences
Behaviour
- Diet
- Exercise

Question 25

What social and economic factors are part of the key determinants of obesity?

Answer 25

Formulation, promotion/advertising, availability, and cost of food and beverages
National and community culture
Income, education, and employment levels
Peer and family influences
Urban planning discouraging/encouraging activity
Availability/cost of public transport