Social Developments: Environmentalism Flashcards
What does environmentalism cover? (4 things and if not then thats bad)
Industrial pollution, risks of nuclear waste, protection of life, organic farming
What book written in 1962 raised environmental awareness? What did it say?
Silent Spring. It said that there had been a decline of birds and other life in the countryside due to chemical pesticides
Name 1 act from the 1950s and one from the 1960s which tried to improve environmental conditions
1956 Clean Air Act, 1968 Country Planning prevention Act
What did the 1956 Clean Air act do?
Reduced the amount of urban smog in cities
What did the 1968 Country Planning prevention Act?
Prevented planning in areas considered to be of ‘astounding natural beauty’
What happened in 1967 which raised environmental awareness?
An oil tanker caused an oil spill on part of the English coastline
What was the year 1970 considered to be for Europe?
The year of Conservation
What was a fashion trend which promoted environmental sustainability in the 1960s?
Paper dresses
What global event happened which made people realise how fragile the earth was?
It was seen from space in the first time in the 1960’s and people saw how fragile the earth actually turned out to be after decades of progress.
Name a relatively peaceful international Conservation group
Friends of Earth
What did the Friends of Earth organisation raise awareness for?
The long term impact of using nuclear power for electricity in terms of nuclear waste.
Name 3 radical organisations that were set up in the 1970’s that promoted environmental conservation
The Peoples Party, Greenpeace, Animal Liberation Front
Who set up The Peoples Party? When
A Conservative MP, set it up in 1973
Why was The Peoples Party set up?
Because they believed that the environment should be looked after properly
What is an example of a radical policy that The Peoples Party had?
They suggested having less children to reduce environmental impact
What did Greenpeace criticise?
Industrial developments and political parties inability to reduce their impact on the environment
What is an example of something radical that Greenpeace members did, When did they do this?
In 1972 they went to a French Nuclear Testing site area and tried to tell them to stop doing nuclear tests
What did the Animal Liberation Front do that was radical?
They broke into laboratories and found animals that were given countless cigarettes a day to test the effects on them
What programme did David Attenborough do in 1979 to globally help increase environmental awareness? What was its scale?
Created the programme Life on Earth. It had 500 million viewers worldwide
Name 3 popular programmes that improved British environmental consciousness in the 1970’s
Life on Earth, Doom Watch, The Good Life
What did Doom Watch cover?
Scientists attempting to stop the end of the world due to man-made horrors
How many people watched Doom Watch?
12 million people
What was the impact of Doom Watch on the government?
They were told to create a ‘Doom Watch’ committee to observe environmental issues in Britain
What did The Good Life do?
Showed a married couple attempting to become fully self sufficient in their own houses.
Who was the Leader of The Peoples Party?
Teddy Goldsmith
How many people did Goldsmith put up for the Peoples Party in the February 1974 election?
5 candidates
How many candidates did Goldsmith put up for the Peoples Party in the May 1979 election?
53 candidates
When did The Peoples Party change their name? What to?
Changed it to the Ecology Party in 1975
What did Wilson establish in 1970 to reduce pollution? How long did it exist for?
Royal Committee for Environmental Pollution, it existed for around 40 years.
What act was created supporting Environmentalism in 1974?
Water Pollution Prevention Act
What act was created supporting Environmentalism in 1976? What did it do?
1976 Endangered Species Trade Act limited imports and exports of endangered plants and animals
What did Heath do to the Ministry of Housing in his Premiership?
Replaced it with the Department of the Environment
What did Heath changing the name of a section of the government to focus on being more environmentally sustainable show?
The government and future governments would focus more on creating new policies and adjusting current policies in relation to the stability of the environment
What did John Seymours Self-sufficiency book do?
It taught people how to be fully self sufficient
What was the impact of John Seymour’s book?
It became a best-seller
What was significant about the sales which Seymour’s book got?
It showed that many people were fearful of the human impact on the surrounding environment.
What is something potentially radical with the FOE organisation did in their first few years?
Dumped 1000’s of bottles of Schweppes outside their offices in protest for their switch to non-returnable bottles
