SOCIAL CONTROL, CONFORMITY & RESISTANCE - 2.2.3 Influence of Social Pressure, Sanctions, Individualism and Social Exchange on Social Order and Expectations Flashcards

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1
Q

Define Social Pressure

A

When influence is exerted on an individual / group by a more powerful person / group. Influence can be done by an argument, persuasion / coercion

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2
Q

Define Sanctions

A

Negative Sanction - threatened penalty for disobeying a law / rule
Positive Sanction - take the form of approval / reward

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3
Q

Define Consensual Policing

A

The power of the police to fulfil their duties as it depends on the public approval of their existences, actions and behaviour, they have the ability to secure and maintain public respect

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4
Q

Define Cost-Benefit Analysis

A

Process where people in the society rationally weigh up the benefit of doing something (obeying the law) against the cost of not do so / rejecting it all together (need of law)

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5
Q

Define Anarchy

A

Disorder in the state due to absence / non-recognition of authority / agencies of social control

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6
Q

Define Social Exchange

A

When individuals interact / negotiate what involves the maximum benefit and minimum cost for a mutual / reciprocal benefit

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7
Q

Define Bonding Social Exchange

A

When information / resources are shared that may create opportunities for jobs / mutual help

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8
Q

Define Bridging Social Capital

A

Social and political alliances / networks that increase the possibility for social exchange

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9
Q

Define Mechanical Solidarity

A

A sense of togetherness where individuals in the society share similar work and similar experiences, customs, values and beliefs. Here is is seen that the society is more important than the individual

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10
Q

Define Organic Solidarity

A

Type of system where the community ties are loose as the people are exposed to a greater range of ideas, encouraging individualism and less moral certainty

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11
Q

Define Anomie

A

Durkheim - people are more prone to deviance, being in a state of normlessness / moral uncertainty where the social rules of behaviour is not drawn clearly

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