SOCIAL CONTROL, CONFORMITY & RESISTANCE - 2.2.3 Influence of Social Pressure, Sanctions, Individualism and Social Exchange on Social Order and Expectations Flashcards
Define Social Pressure
When influence is exerted on an individual / group by a more powerful person / group. Influence can be done by an argument, persuasion / coercion
Define Sanctions
Negative Sanction - threatened penalty for disobeying a law / rule
Positive Sanction - take the form of approval / reward
Define Consensual Policing
The power of the police to fulfil their duties as it depends on the public approval of their existences, actions and behaviour, they have the ability to secure and maintain public respect
Define Cost-Benefit Analysis
Process where people in the society rationally weigh up the benefit of doing something (obeying the law) against the cost of not do so / rejecting it all together (need of law)
Define Anarchy
Disorder in the state due to absence / non-recognition of authority / agencies of social control
Define Social Exchange
When individuals interact / negotiate what involves the maximum benefit and minimum cost for a mutual / reciprocal benefit
Define Bonding Social Exchange
When information / resources are shared that may create opportunities for jobs / mutual help
Define Bridging Social Capital
Social and political alliances / networks that increase the possibility for social exchange
Define Mechanical Solidarity
A sense of togetherness where individuals in the society share similar work and similar experiences, customs, values and beliefs. Here is is seen that the society is more important than the individual
Define Organic Solidarity
Type of system where the community ties are loose as the people are exposed to a greater range of ideas, encouraging individualism and less moral certainty
Define Anomie
Durkheim - people are more prone to deviance, being in a state of normlessness / moral uncertainty where the social rules of behaviour is not drawn clearly
