Social Cognition

Question 1

What are attitudes?

Answer 1

An evaluation of something, such as a person, object, event or idea. (mostly learnt through experience)

Question 2

What is the A-B-C model (Tricomponent Model of Attitudes) ?

Answer 2

Affective, behavioral and Cognitive

Question 3

What is affective?

Answer 3

How you ‘feel’ about the attitude object (eg. I love pineapple on pizza)

Question 4

What is behavioural?

Answer 4

Our actions that reflect our attitude (eg I eat pineapple on pizza)

Question 5

What is Cognitive?

Answer 5

What you ‘know’ or ‘think’ about the attitude object. (eg. i think pineapple on pizza is nice because i like sweet with savory)

Question 6

What are the limitations of the Model?

Answer 6

behavior doesnt always reflect the cognitive and affective attitude.

Question 7

What is Person Perception?

Answer 7

The process of forming opinions about others.

It can be direct from observation or interaction or indirect from what we have heard from another source.

Question 8

what influences person perception?

Answer 8

It can be influenced by physical appearance, body language, gender, age, ethnicity, dress, culture, how they move/speak and disabilities.

Question 9

What are stereotypes?

Answer 9

Stereotypes are a generalized and simplified belief about a group of people.

Question 10

What are the most common stereotypes?

Answer 10

Age, gender, ethnicity and occupation.

Question 11

Stereotypes contribute to….

Answer 11

Stereotypes contribute to prejudice, both positive and negative and are difficult to change and highly subjective.

Question 12

What is prejudice?

Answer 12

Prejudice is a negative feeling held against people with a certain group or social category.

Question 13

What are the key areas of prejudice?

Answer 13

Some key ideas of include sex, gender ,age, race, sexuality and class (eg sexism, racism, ageism)

Question 14

What is discrimination?

Answer 14

The unjust treatment of people due to their membership within a certain social category.

Question 15

What is discriminative behavior?

Answer 15

Discriminative behavior involves excluding or treating people differently on the basis of the group to which they belong to.

Question 16

What is the difference between prejudice and discrimination?

Answer 16

Prejudice is a feeling and discrimination is the act.

Question 17

How can we prevent/ reduce prejudice?

Answer 17

Ways to prevent prejudice is education, cognitive intervention, setting super ordinate goals, direct experience and intergroup contact.

Question 18

What is education?

Answer 18

students are taught through the school how to identify prejudice and discrimination and acceptance of others and tolerance.

Question 19

what is cognitive intervention?

Answer 19

Giving people more information about the group they may hold a prejudice against and providing time for this information to be understood.

Question 20

What is Setting Super- ordinate goals?

Answer 20

Getting two conflicting groups to work together on a common goal they both need or want to solve.

Question 21

What is Direct experience?

Answer 21

Its direct experience of another culture of lifestyle. This can be lead to a richer appreciation of the culture or ethnic group which a prejudice may be held against.

Question 22

What is intergroup contact?

Answer 22

Direct contact between the two groups that have a prejudice toward each other (or one toward the other) .Direct contact must include the following:
Sustained contact over a period of time.
The groups must co-operate together (work for super-ordinate goals).
Both groups must share equal status.

Question 23

What is attribution?

Answer 23

Attribution is a cognitive process in which we ascribe causes to actions and behavior. It is also the name we give to these judgements.

Question 24

What is the cognitive process of attribute?

Answer 24

1. Firstly, there is an observation of an outward act of behavior.
2. Then, there is a conscious determination or acknowledgement of the behavior.
3. Finally, we decide on our ‘attribute’ causes to these observed behavior.

Question 25

What is an Internal attribution?

Answer 25

Internal attributions also known as personal attributions is a judgment of the causes of a behavior as resulting from features of the individual performing the behavior.

Question 26

What is external attribution?

Answer 26

External attribution also known as situational attribution is a judgement of a behavior as resulting from forces outside the individual performing the behavior.