Social Class - External

Question 1

What did Waldfogel and Washbrook say is an external factor? (housing)

Answer 1

Waldfogel and washbrook found working classes pupils are likely to live in overcrowded and unclean houses, making it harder to focus, easier to get sick and likely to have no place to work

Question 2

What did Howard say is an external factor? (diet and health)

Answer 2

Howard found people from poorer homes have lower intakes of energy which gives difficulty concentrating. And they’re more likely to have emotional and behavioural problems

Question 3

What did Leech and Campos say is an external factor? (catchment area)

Answer 3

Deprived areas have more unemployment, poverty, crime and drugs. This leads to a lack of role models and often underperforming schools are in these areas Leech and campos called this selection by mortgage

Question 4

What is the Aviva family finance report?

Answer 4

Aviva family finance report found parents spent £1614 per year per child to cover basic school expenses such as food. Poorer families can’t afford this and children cannot participate in activities helping them learn

Question 5

What did Douglas say is an external factor? (parental interest)

Answer 5

Douglas found the most important factor for educational achievement is interest from parents. Middle class parents are more likely to take interest in work and encourage their kids. Poor students are a year behind privileged students even before primary school

Question 6

What did sugarman say in an external factor? (subcultures)

Answer 6

Both classes have their own subcultures. Sugarman found working classes are often unable to get promoted and are based on instant gratification whilst the middle class focus on careers with deferred gratification

Question 7

What did Bernstein say is an external factor? (language codes)

Answer 7

Bernstein states language is vital in education. Working class are likely to have the restricted code and middle class have the elaborated code

Question 8

What did Robson say is an external factor? (capital)

Answer 8

Robson found that reading going to museums and doing art is more likely for the middle class rather than working class. Social capital is having people to get advice from and knowing people with influence.