Social Class and Youth Deviance Flashcards
HARDING ‘STREET CASINO’
Gangs are seen as a social arena for competition where members struggle for distinction, status, position, and survival.
Success is determined by acquiring and receiving ‘street capital’.
YOUNG ‘SOCIOLOGY OF VINDICTIVENESS’
We live in a ‘bulimic society’ where citizens worship money and are excluded if they can’t access these desires.
There’s an intensity of exclusion felt by the underclass.
MACDONALD AND MARSH ‘ REJECTION OF ACADEMIC SUCCESS’
Young working-class people rejected academic success and believed teachers weren’t bothered about them.
Due to peer pressure and anti-school subcultures, many had to retake their GCSE’s at local colleges.
LACEY ‘PRO-SCHOOL NORMS’
Pro-school norms and values which set pupils in terms of ability led to demoralization amongst pupils of lower ability. They became disenchanted and formed anti-school subcultures.
Anti-school subcultures and social class WILLIS 'LEARNING TO LABOUR'
Lads saw themselves as school failures and turned this into a good thing.
They knew they’d work in factories like their fathers and didn’t share the school’s value for education.
Anti-school subcultures and social class BROWN 'RESPONSES TO EDUCATION'
'’Getting in’’ - Low achievers wanting manual occupations.
'’Getting out’’ - High achievers who use education to improve their social situation
'’Getting on’’ - Ordinary working-class youths that simply got on
Anti-school subcultures and social class MAC AN GHAIL 'MACHO LADS'
‘Ordinary lads’ weren’t academic and were indifferent to school.
‘Academic achievers’ were pro-school.
‘Macho lads’ formed an anti-school subculture where they valued acting tough and saw academic work as effeminate
Links between gang membership and social deprivation
DECKER AND VAN WINKLE ‘PUSH FACTORS AND PULL FACTORS’
Push factors come from social, economic and cultural factors (feeling excluded pushes youths to gangs).
Pull factors are factors that attract people to join gangs (e.g. hierarchy, respect, money, safety)
