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Human Growth & Development > Social & Behavioral Development- Dr. Belnap (FINAL) > Flashcards

Social & Behavioral Development- Dr. Belnap (FINAL) Flashcards

1
Q

The three types of behavioral development include:

A
  1. Classical
  2. Operant
  3. Observational
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2
Q

Pavlov’s dog salivation demonstrated:

A

Classical conditioning

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3
Q

Classical conditioning occurs readily in children- what is an example:

A

White coat syndrome

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4
Q

Making an office look and feel as little like a pediatrician office or hospital as possible and Making the first visit is a “happy visit” are ways to overcome:

A

Classical conditions

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5
Q

Operant conditioning is an extension of:

A

Classical conditioning

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6
Q

In operant conditioning, the consequence of a behavior is itself:

A

A stimulus that can influence future behavior

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7
Q

According to operant conditioning _____ increases the likelihood of a behavior and _____ decreases the likelihood of behvior

A

Reinforcement; punishment

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8
Q

In operant conditioning:

Something is added to encourage a behavior

A

+ reinforcement

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9
Q

In operant conditioning:

Something is removed to encourage behavior

A
  • reinforcement
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10
Q

In operant conditioning:

Something is removed to discourage behavior

A
  • punishment
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11
Q

In operant conditioning:

Something is added to discourage behavior

A

+ punishment

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12
Q

When the desired behavior is rewarded:

A

Positive reinforcement

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13
Q

When a desired behavior is rewarded this likelihood of this behavior is:

A

Increased

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14
Q

When a toy is given to a child for a good behavior:

A

Positive reinforcement

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15
Q

Noticing & complimenting improved hygiene:

A

Positive reinforcement

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16
Q

When an unpleasant stimulus is removed as a result of a good behavior:

A

Negative reinforcement

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17
Q

Negative reinforcement will ______ the likelihood of the behavior

A

Increase

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18
Q

Negative reinforcement can go two ways:

A
  1. Tantrum gets you out of situation- throw a bigger one enact time
  2. Appointment time is shorted due to good behavior (may need to help patient recognize the association)
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19
Q

Something is taken away as a result of the behavior:

A

Negative punishment

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20
Q

Taking away a toy after a tantrum is an example of:

A

Negative punishment

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21
Q

The punishment is in negative punishment is removal of:

A

A pleasant stimulus

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22
Q

Behavior results in an unpleasant stimulus being presented:

A

Positive punishment

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23
Q

Give an example of a positive punishment:

A

Speeding ticket

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24
Q

What is the most appropriate form of operative conditioning in the dental office?

A

positive & negative reinforcement

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25
Observational learning is also called:
Modeling
26
The acquisition of behavior by imitation:
Observational learning
27
What are the two stages of observational learning?
1. Acquisition 2. Performance
28
When would behavior move from the acquisition stage to the performance stage in observational learning (modeling)?
If the model is liked/respected/trusted
29
The take-home for _____ is to let younger siblings see older sibling behaving & being rewarded for their behavior
Observational learning model
30
open treatment areas support (in ideal situations):
Observational learning (modeling)
31
8 stages of man refers to:
Emotional development
32
Emotional development: 8 stages of man was presented by:
Erik Erikson
33
8 stages of man concept is associated with _____ but more important & constant is _____
Chronological age; sequence
34
8 stages of man: Step 1= Development of basic:
Trust (mistrust)
35
8 stages of man: Step 1: development of basic trust (mistrust) occurs at:
0-18 months
36
8 stages of man: -basic trust or lack of is developed -Child is usually very attached to parent at this stage -If patient hasn't developed basic trust, they may be fearful & cooperative
Step ONE: Development of basic trust (mistrust) 0-18 months
37
In the stage, it is best to treat patient with parent (knee to knee is a good option) & you must be patient & caring with child & try to find clues about parental relationship:
Step ONE: Development of basic trust (mistrust) 0-18 months
38
8 stages of man: Autonomy (or shame) 18 months to 3 years:
Step two
39
In this stage: - terrible twos -Child finding independence & ability to choose -if its not their idea, it likely won't happen
This is step TWO: Autonomy (or shame) 18 months to 3 years
40
During the autonomy (or shame) stage (step TWO), it is important to:
1. Give kids choices 2. Still good to have parent present
41
In the 8 stages of man, step three is the:
Development of initiative (or guilt) 3-6 years old
42
In this stage: -physical activity and motion -tons of questions & very curious -important to success-perceived failure is detrimental
Step THREE: Development of initiative (guilt) 3-6 years old
43
The first dental visit is usually during what period of development (what 8 stage of man)
Development of initiative (or guilt) 3-6 years
44
The fourth step of the 8 stages of man is:
Industry/mastry of skills (or inferiority) 7-11 years old
45
The stage in which: -Acquiring academic & social skills which allow them to compete in an environment where those who produce are recognized -Necessity of working together (teamwork) is realized -Peers becoming important -Realistic behavior should be set and met
Step FOUR: Industry/mastery of skills (or inferiority) 7-11 years
46
Step FOUR: Industry/mastery of skills (or inferiority) 7-11 years _____depends on child understanding what is needed to please parents, dentists & peers
Compliance
47
In this stage, children are not motivated by abstract things like "a better bite"
Step FOUR: Industry/mastery of skills (or inferiority) 7-11 years
48
Step FIVE of the 8 stages of man is:
Step FIVE is development of identity (or role confusion) 12-17 years
49
In this stage -Adolescent years -Realizing one can exist outside the family -Rejecting parental authority, peer group extremely important -Motivation is internal or external
Step FIVE is development of identity (or role confusion) 12-17 years
50
In this stage -Adolescent years -Realizing one can exist outside the family -Rejecting parental authority, peer group extremely important -Motivation is internal or external
51
In this stage it is very important that a patient in this age group has an internal desire to undergo any prolonged or involved treatment such as ortho treatment:
Step FIVE is development of identity (or role confusion) 12-17 years
52
Desire to improve appearance- sometimes as a result of bullying:
Internal desire
53
"to get mom off my back"
External desire
54
Step of 8 stages of man that is characterized by: -Creating close meaningful relationships -Ability to sacrifice and compromise for a relationship
Step SIX: Development of intimacy (or isolation) young adult
55
In this stage: -some seek esthetic treatment for improved chance at relationship -Drastic changes in appearance (new look) can possibly interfere with existing relationship as the partner may view the change as altering the relationship
Step SIX: Development of intimacy (or isolation) young adult
56
Development of intellectual capabilities via assimilation and accommodation
Cognitive efvelopment
57
Cognitive development is related to:
Age
58
Cognitive development involves ______ theory
Piaget's
59
What are the four stages of Piaget's theory of cognitive development?
1. Sensorimotor (0-2) 2. Preoperational (2-7) 3. Concrete operational (7-11) 4. Formal operations (11+)
60
Incorporating events within the environment into mental categories Example: Child sees something fly --> learns its a bird --> everything that flies is a bird
Assimilation
61
Child changes mental categories to better represent the environment Example: Learning to distinguish a fly from a bird
Accomodatio n
62
____ develops as assimilation & accommodation build on one another
Intelligence
63
In ______ development (0-2 years old): -Discover reality of objects - they don't disappear when not being looked at - Limited ability to project forward or backward -Usually aren't treating patients in this age group but can have patients with disabilities that could fall into any stage of development
Sensorimotor development (0-2 years)
64
In pre-operational period (2-7) incapability of seeing another person's point of view:
Egocentrism

Human Growth & Development (11 decks)

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