Primary Dentition- Dr. Retrouvey (FINAL) Flashcards
Field of orthodontics treatment that occurs while the patient has mixed dentition (primary + permanent dentition):
Interceptive orthodontics
How many deciduous teeth in the primary dentition:
20
Primary dentition + Permanent molars =
Mixed dentition
The permanent molars erupt _____ to the primary dentition
Distal
_____ replaces primary teeth
Succedaneous
Permanent dentition (ideally) includes:
32 teeth
Permanent teeth erupt from:
6-13 years old
Tooth eruption can be described as a:
very complicated process
According to professor- what are the last primary maxillary & mandibular teeth to erupt?
THIS IS DIFFERENT FROM CHART
Canines
List the characteristics of deciduous dentition:
A. _____ crown shapes
B. _____ spacing
C. No _____ of the incisors
D. Less variability in the ____ than the permanent dentition
E. _____ changes with growth
A. symmetrical
B. interdental
C. angulation
D. occlusal relations
E. arch
What do we mean by symmetrical crowns in primary dentition?
Mesial and distal portions of the teeth are equal
Interdental spacing=
Diastemas
Describing the primary dentition like a picket fence, would be describing the ______ of angulation
Angulation (90 degrees to the occlusal plane)
Why are the occlusal relations less variable in primary dentition (than in permanent dentition):
Malocclusions have not yet been expressed
At what ages do we see the arches width grow bigger?
0-2 years
Interdental spacing in primary teeth is:
Desirable/good
What is a typical desirable measurement of interdental spacings in primary teeth?
4mm
There is a significant difference in size in the roots between the upper central & lateral incisors and even canines in the permanent teeth that will be replacing the them:
Incisor liability
Larger spaces found mesial to the upper cuspids & distal to the lower cuspids are called:
Primate spaces
Primary spaces are found mesial to the _____ & distal to the _____
upper cuspids; lower cuspids
Rule #1:
If there is no interdental spacing in the deciduous dentition…
Crowding in the permanent dentition will occur (to about 75%)
Crowding in primary dentition is considered:
Rare
Crowding in the primary dentition results in:
100% chance for crowding in permanent dentition & poses risk to impaction
Crowing in primary dentition (rare) may be caused by:
- Lack of bone formation
- Force of the lips are too strong resulting in lack of dental alveolar development
_____ between anterior primary teeth are important to get space for permanent incisor eruption
diastemas
the upper incisors erupt to the _____ of primary teeth
Labial/facial
Lower incisors tend to erupt to the ____ of primary teeth
Lingual
Describe the increase in arch size during the eruption of permanent incisors:
No significant increase in arch size
Because the upper incisors erupt to the labial/facial of primary teeth, the arch size:
expands
Because the lower incisors erupt to the lingual of the primary teeth, the arch size:
decreases
The roots of primary teeth are _______
symmetrical
Since the roots of primary teeth are symmetrical this means that they are:
90 degrees to the occlusal plane
ONLY _____ primary teeth are smaller compared to permanent teeth
anterior (incisors & canines)
Because permanent teeth are typically larger than the anterior primary teeth, what issue do we run into?
Incisor liability
Some primary _____ teeth are larger than their successor
Larger
The upper second premolar replaces the:
Upper second primary molar
The upper second premolar replaces the upper second primary molar.
What size of teeth are involved?
Upper second permanent premolar= 7.0mm mm
Upper second primary molar= 8.2 mm
(1.2 mm difference in size)
The lower second premolar replaces the:
Lower second primary molar
The lower second premolar replaces the lower second primary molar.
What size of teeth are involved?
Lower second premolar= 7.0
Lower second primary molar= 9.0mm
(2.9 mm difference — but you have that on both sides so close to 6mm)
The difference in sizes between the posterior primary teeth and permanent teeth is an important aspect in:
Interceptive orthodontics
The secret to orthodontic treatment is to create:
A desirable occlusal plane
An imaginary surface that passes through the occlusion of the teeth:
Occlusal plane
The surface of the occlusal plane is curved, and is, strictly speaking not a plane, but is approximated by one straight line _____ view based on specific reference points within the dental arches
Lateral view
Unlike the primary teeth, the permanent teeth are NOT _____ degrees to the occlusal plane
90 degrees
Forms in the PERMANENT dentition in response to the fact that our mandible goes through excursions:
Curve of spee
in the primary dentition the curve of spee is:
Flat
If there is a non-flat curve of spee in primary dentition this signifies:
Severe malocclusion
Response of the dentoalveolar process to the skeletal dysplasia or to functional disturbance (are not fully expressed)
Dentoalveolar compensations
If you have a discrepancy between the maxilla & mandible in deciduous dentition- the level of the occlusal plane will be affected and the ______ will compensate
Dentoalveolar process
Describe the dentoalveolar compensations in the primary dentition:
Very minimal because normally the maxilla and mandible are still in minimal amount of growth
If a malocclusion is diagnosed in the primary dentition, it will most probably:
Get worse during growth (with age)
Occlusal relations in deciduous dentition:
- upper & lower incisors are ____
- minimal ___ & _____
- upper canine tip is positioned in the _____ between the lower canine & first primary moar
- vertical
- overbite & overjet
- embrasure space
As far as occlusal relations in the deciduous dentition, the upper canine tip is positioned in the ____ between the lower canine& first primary molar
embrasure
If your upper canine is well tucked into the embrasure between the lower canine & first primary molar this describes:
Class I
How do you measure overbite?
The amount of coverage of the lower incisor by the upper incisor
Usually the primary dentition overbite=
10-30%
The amount of distance between the lower incisor and the upper incisor from the lingual surface to the labial surface of the lower:
Overjet
A typical overjet measurement in primary dentition is:
1-2mm
What provides the most interdigitation in primary dentition?
The canine
In the primary dentition if the canine is forward (anterior) in occlusal relations this will result in:
What if the canine is backwards (posterior):
Class II
Class III
pushing of incisors with tongue may result in:
anterior overbite
Describe a reverse overjet malocclusion:
When the maxillary incisors are BEHIND the mandibular incisors
In deciduous dentition, normal occlusal changes are due to _____, NOT from ____
Skeletal growth; dental changes
-Altering functional environment
-Altering neuromuscular pattern
-Introducing habits such as thumb sucking
These can alter:
Alter skeleton & occlusion resulting in malocclusion
Functional disturbances or thumb sucking habits are involved in the:
Etiology of malocclusions
In deciduous dentition, unfavorable ______ lead to malocclusion, even in young patients
Unfavorable skeletal patterns
_______ dental eruption may lead to malocclusion
Ectopic
Ectopic dental eruption is pretty much reserved to:
Permanent dentition
When the upper and/or lower (maxilla, mandible) jaws are not aligned in relation to the cranial base:
Skeletal malocclusions
What influence skeletal malocclusions (which is when the upper &/or lower jaws do not align in relation to the cranial base)
STRONG genetic influence
But some claim that function can create significant skeletal malocclusion
Missing primary teeth is:
rare
