Social Aspects Of Behavior

Question 1

Gender Differences

Answer 1

Recognize differences

Question 2

Bandura

Answer 2

Albert Bandura (1925-)
Social learning theory: people learn from one another, via observation, imitation, and modeling.

Question 3

Cognitive Dissonance Theory

Answer 3

The mental discomfort experienced by a person who holds two or more contradictory beliefs, ideas, or values.
Typically triggered by a situation in which a person’s belief clashes with new evidence perceived by another person.

Question 4

Forms of Racism

Answer 4

Individual Racism

Systemic Racism

Question 5

Communication Styles

Answer 5

Feedback loop: outputs of system are routed back as inputs as part of a chain of cause-and-effect that forms a circuit or loop.

Question 6

Halo Effect

Answer 6

The tendency for an impression created in one area to influence opinion in another area.

Question 7

Self-disclosure

Answer 7

Process of communication by which one person reveals information about themself to another.

Question 8

Sherif

Answer 8

Mozafer Sherif (1905-1988)
Social judgment theory- attitudes towards ideas shape whether we accept, reject, or remain neutral toward them 
Realistic group conflict theory- model of intergroup conflict. Apocolpyspe, think Walking Dead.

Question 9

Attributions of success and failure

Answer 9

Theory that supposes one attempts to understand behavior of others by attributing feelings, beliefs, and intentions to them.
We attribute our own successes to internal factors and our failures to external factors.
We attribute the successes of other to external factors and their failures to internal factors.

Question 10

Bases of social power

Answer 10

French and Raven- 1959

1. Legitimate- comes from belief a person has the formal right to make demands and to expect others to be compliant and obedient
2. Reward- results from one person’s ability to compensate another for compliance
3. Expert- bases on a person’s high levels of skill and knowledge
4. Referent- result of the person’s perceived attractiveness, worthiness, and right to other’s respect.
5. Coercive- comes from the belief that a person can punish others for noncompliance
6. (Added in 1965) Informational- results from a person’s ability to control the information that others need to accomplish something

Question 11

Factors that affect conforming to a minority

Answer 11

Psychologists have identified different factors that can enhance the effectiveness of a minority:
Consistency
Commitment
Flexibility

Question 12

Group Polarization

Answer 12

The tendency for a group to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclination of its members.

Question 13

Group think

Answer 13

When a group of people in which the desire for harmony or conformity in the group results in an irrational or dysfunctional decision-making outcome.

Question 14

Social Exchange Theory

Answer 14

Proposes that social behavior is the result of an exchange process. The purpose of exchange is to maximize the benefits and minimize costs.
In theory, people weigh the potential benefits and risks of social relationships.

Question 15

Group Dynamics

Answer 15

Study of groups: term for group processes
Group process refers to the understanding of the behavior of people in groups that are trying to solve a problem or make a decision.

Question 16

Intergroup Conflicts

Answer 16

Refers to disagreements that exist between two or more groups, and their respective members.

Question 17

Carl Jung

Answer 17

(1875-1961)
Founded analytical psychology
Dreams and archetypes