Soc 17: The structure of the respiratory system

Question 1

Respiration

Answer 1

The movement of air from outside the body into the cells within tissues

Question 2

Diaphragm

Answer 2

The primary muscle used in the process of inspiration, or inhalation. A dome-shaped sheet of muscle that separates the chest from the rest of the body cavity.

Question 3

Trachea

Answer 3

The tube that takes air into the chest, also know as the windpipe.

Question 4

Bronchus

Answer 4

Tube along which air passes from the trachea into the lungs

Question 5

Bronchioles

Answer 5

Smaller branches coming off the bronchi

Question 6

Alveoli

Answer 6

Tiny sacs at the end of the bronchioles, where gas exchange takes place

Question 7

Haemoglobin

Answer 7

A type of protein found in every red blood cell

Question 8

Gaseous exchange

Answer 8

The delivery of oxygen from the lungs to the bloodstream and the removal of carbon dioxide from the tissues.

Question 9

Vital compacity

Answer 9

It is the greatest amount of air that can be passed into and out of the lungs by the most forceful inspiration and expiration

Question 10

Tidal volume

Answer 10

It is the amount of air inspired and expired with each normal breath at rest or during exercise

Question 11

How does exercise impact the respiratory system

Answer 11

After a sustained period of regular exercise, the improved efficiency of the lungs will allow better dilivery of oxygen to the working muscle, therefore the body will be able to cope better during exercise.

Additionally, carbon dioxide will be removed more efficently.

More alveoli become available for gases exchange.

Question 12

Inhaled air

Answer 12

You breathe in 20% oxygen and 0.4% carbon dioxide

Question 13

Exhaled air

Answer 13

The air you breathe out is 16% oxygen and 4% carbon dioxide

Question 14

Oxygen debt

Answer 14

The amount of oxygen needed at the end of a physical activity to break down any lactic acid