Soc 11: The Skeletal system Flashcards
The skeletal system
Skeletal system includes all of the bones and joints in the body each bone is a complex organ that is made up of many cells, protein fibres and minerals.
Protection of vital organs
Staying safe is important in sport and the skeleton plays a key role. E.g. skull protects the brain.
Muscle attachment
The muscle used in sport need to be strong points to a attach to and bones provide the framework muscles are attached to bones by tendons.
Joints for movement
Do you want to allow the body to make a variety of movement. Some small movements, like getting a grip of a javelin and larger ones, such as throwing a javelin.
Storing calcium and phosphorus
The bones act as a store for calcium and phosphorus, two minerals that are vital for developing and maintaining the strong and healthy bones you need for exersice.
Red or white blood cell production
When oxygen content drops, the number of red blood cells goes down bone marrow makes more red blood cells; if you have an infection, it makes more white blood cells.
Long bone
Long bones are longer than they are wide. They don’t have to be big, small bones like the finger bones (phalanges) count as long bones. A long bone has a shaft at each end.
Generate movement (leavers) / strength
Short bone
Short bones are generally the same size in length, width and thickness. The only short bone in the carpals (cuffs) in the wrist and the tarsals (toes) in the foot.
Weight - bearing
Flat bone
Flat bones usually protect organs or offer a good surface for muscles to attach to. For exsample, the ribs protect the heart and the lungs, while the broad scapular has three muscles to attch to it. Other flat bones are; scapular, cranium and clavicle.
Irregular bone
Irregular bones have odd shapes and vary in function. An example is the vertebrae which help protect the spinal column and the sacrum which has lot’s of attachment points.
Protect / generate movement