Soc 10 Flashcards
What are the 8 different types of injury?
Soft tissue injury, dislocation, fracture, strain, sprain, abrasion, torn cartilage, concussion
How do people get injured?
Internal causes - Overuse injuries, sudden injuries caused by the individual performing the activity.
External causes - Foul play, impact with equipment, the playing surface or opponents, inappropriate clothing and damage or faulty equipment, very hot and cold weather. Caused by factors outside the individual’s control.
Soft tissue injury (joints)
Joints are where two or more bones meet. They are particularly prone injury because movement outside of their normal range. They can be a tear or overstretched tendons, ligaments, muscles and cartilage.
Sprains
A sprain is a damaged ligament. One of the most common sprains in sport is a twisted or overstretched ankle. Sprains often occur when stretching too far past the normal range of a joint, but can also be caused by falling or colliding with an opponent. SYMPTOMS = SWELLING
Strain
A strain is a twist, tear or overstretched muscle or a tendon. Most common strains are in the back and the hamstrings. Two examples of strains are golfers elbow and tennis elbow. Tendons are inflamed due to overuse, causing pain on the outside of the elbow.
Torn Cartilage
Cartilage is a firm elastic substance which lines adjoining bones. It absorbs the impact on the bones while reducing the friction during sports/ activity. Damage to cartilage often occurs due to wear and tear from long-term overuse. They are tears at the joint.
What are the 4 types of fracture?
A fracture is a broken or a cracked bone. There are several types of fractures including:
● Stress fractures (overuse injuries): They can happen as a result of fatigue.
● Compound fractures: the broken bone protrudes through the skin.
● In closed: the skin over the break is not damaged.
● Simple fracture: takes place with no displacement of the bone.
Why is it important to apply principles of training to prevent injury?
You need to apply the principles of training to match your individual needs, reducing risk of overuse injuries.
Why must you play to the rules in a sport to prevent injury?
All games have a set of rules which makes the competition fair, if the players don’t play to the rules, you are punished. For example, if someone makes a malicious tackle in football, the can be booked or sent off which helps to prevent injury.
Why should you wear protective equipment to prevent injury?
Many activities require protective equipment relative to the sport, and it is also important to not wear the clothing that may injure an opponent (jewellery etc.)
Why does equipment and facilities matter when preventing injury?
Officials need to check for safety before an activity or competition. Organisers should check that the facilities are safe and secure, and that all the equipment required for the sport is in good condition.
Why is warming up and cooling down essential to preventing injury?
Warm Up - Increases blood flow to working muscles and stretch the muscles to avoid injury.
Cool Down - Gradually reduce the level of activity to help with the dispersal of lactic acid and avoid muscle stiffness.
What does RICE stand for?
Rest, Ice, Compression, Elavation
Dislocation
A dislocation is when a bone at a joint is forced out of its normal position. Often occurs as a result of a hard blow which causes one of the bones to be displaced. Symptoms: deformity and swelling of the joint, which is locked out of position.
Abrasion
Abrasions or grazes can be caused by friction of the skin against a rough surface e.g. a concrete playground or artificial pitches. Can occur from a tackle or just simply falling over during a game of; football, rugby or hockey.
Concussion
An impact to the head causes unconsciousness, confusion or memory loss. Normally caused by a blow to the head and can happen in many sports. Symptoms: headaches, weakness, loss of coordination or balance, confusion or slurred speech.
What are the 2 typical types of overuse injury?
Golfers elbow, Tennis elbow
What is an acute injury
