SO BOOK5 Flashcards
1
Q
mechanic/məˈkænɪk/
A
The mechanic takes a look at the engine. He examines the heating system.1. [countable] a person whose job is repairing machines, especially the engines of vehicles
2
Q
examine/ɪɡˈzæmɪn/
A
The mechanic takes a look at the engine. He examines the heating system.
- to look at somebody/something closely, to see if there is anything wrong or to find the cause of a problem
3
Q
scream/skriːm/V
A
The mechanic takes a look at the engine. He examines the heating system. Then Barbara screams. She loses it. The mechanic pulls out a big, fat, dead python!
- [intransitive, transitive] to give a loud, high cry, because you are hurt, frightened, excited, etc. [SYN] shriek
4
Q
python/ˈpaɪθɑːn/
A
The mechanic takes a look at the engine. He examines the heating system. Then Barbara screams. She loses it. The mechanic pulls out a big, fat, dead python!
보아뱀, 큰 구렁이류.
a large tropical snake that kills animals for food by winding its long body around them and crushing them
5
Q
ferry/ˈferi/
A
A woman is taking a ferry from Vancouver to Victoria.
a boat or ship that carries people, vehicles and goods across a river or across a narrow part of the sea
6
Q
deck/dek/N
A
A woman is taking a ferry from Vancouver to Victoria. She leaves her car to go to the deck.
- the top outside floor of a ship or boat
7
Q
walk off
A
Besides her in a chair, are her newspaper and candy bar. A man in the next chair picks up the candy bar and eats it. Then he takes the paper and walks off. The woman is too shocked to speak.
O. to leave a person or place suddenly because you are angry or upset
M2. [intransitive] to leave somewhere, usually without telling people that you are going to leave
8
Q
grab/ɡræb/V
A
Later, she goes to the cafeteria. She sees the man at a table, eating a sandwich. Still angry, she grabs his sandwich and takes a bite, without saying a word.
L6) One day Charles Gardner, 35, sees two teenage boys breaking into his car. As they take off, Gardner jumps on the car and grabs the luggage rack.
- [transitive, intransitive] to take or hold somebody/something with your hand suddenly, firmly or roughly [SYN] seize
9
Q
bite/baɪt/N
A
Later, she goes to the cafeteria. She sees the man at a table, eating a sandwich. Still angry, she grabs his sandwich and takes a bite, without saying a word.
- [countable] a small piece of food that you can bite from a larger piece
10
Q
ranger/ˈreɪndʒər/
A
An illustrator, Albert Staehle, drew that first bear with a park ranger’s hat in 1949 and named him Smokey.
L5) So they drive 17 miles to a park ranger station with the bear in the back seat. When the man gets out to report the problem, the bear gets in the front seat. The rangers cannot believe their eyes. They find a woman in the passenger seat and a bear behind the wheel.
- a person whose job is to take care of a park, a forest or an area of countryside
11
Q
firefighter/ˈfaɪərfaɪtər/
A
Six years later, while fighting a forest fire in New Mexico, firefighters found a black bear cub clinging to a tree.
a person whose job is to put out fires
12
Q
cub/kʌb/
A
Six years later, while fighting a forest fire in New Mexico, firefighters found a black bear cub clinging to a tree.
- [countable] a young bear, lion, fox, etc
13
Q
cling/klɪŋ/
clung, clung
A
Six years later, while fighting a forest fire in New Mexico, firefighters found a black bear cub clinging to a tree.
- [intransitive] to hold on tightly to somebody/something
14
Q
rescue/ˈreskjuː/V
A
Six years later, while fighting a forest fire in New Mexico, firefighters found a black bear cub clinging to a tree. They rescued the cub and called it Hotfoot.
to save somebody/something from a dangerous or harmful situation
15
Q
rename/ˌriːˈneɪm/
A
They rescued the cub and called it Hotfoot. Soon, however, the cub was renamed Smokey after the drawings on the poster.
to give somebody/something a new name
16
Q
visit/ˈvɪzɪt/V
A
Once he recovered from his injuries, Smokey was taken to the National Zoo in Washington D.C. Thousands of people visited him there until he died in 1976.
- [transitive] visit somebody/something to go to see a person or a place for a period of time
17
Q
message/ˈmesɪdʒ/N
A
Thousands of people visited him there until he died in 1976. Smokey was 26 years old. His message is still with us, however, as we see him reminding us to prevent forest fires all across the nation.
L126) But online advertisers, who also have a seat at the table, don’t even like the concept of the do-not-track-button. Mike Zaneis of the Interactive Advertisers Bureau says it sends consumers the wrong message.
- [usually singular] an important moral, social or political idea that a book, speech, etc. is trying to communicate
M2. [singular] the main idea that you want people to remember from a speech, advertisement, article, etc.
18
Q
across/əˈkrɔːs/prep.
A
Thousands of people visited him there until he died in 1976. Smokey was 26 years old. His message is still with us, however, as we see him reminding us to prevent forest fires all across the nation.
- in every part of a place, group of people, etc. [SYN] throughout
19
Q
make yourself at home
be/feel/look at home
A
Leopard makes himself at home
T) Feel at home. Let me go get you some tea.
make yourself at home:
M. to feel relaxed and behave in the same way as you do in your own home
be/feel/look at home:
M. to be/feel/look relaxed and comfortable in a particular place or situation
20
Q
horrified/ˈhɔrɪˌfaɪd/
A
Later, she looks into the bedroom. She is horrified by what she sees. There’s a leopard watching TV on the bed!
M. very shocked or frightened
21
Q
turn over
A
The leopard soon turns over and falls asleep. When forest department officials arrive, the leopard is still taking a nap. They take him to a zoo.
- to change position so that the other side is facing towards the outside or the top
M8. [intransitive] to change the position of your body when you are lying or sleeping so that you face the opposite direction
22
Q
unhook/ʌnˈhʊk/
A
There are heart monitors and alarms next to his bed. One night while Turner is sleeping, he unhooks the machines.
unhook something (from something) to remove something from a hook; to undo the hooks on clothes, etc
23
Q
fast asleep
A
Then he gets out of bed. He gets on the elevator and goes to the street. It’s raining. Still fast asleep, he walks five miles to his house.
M. sleeping in a way that makes it difficult to wake you
24
Q
stack/stæk/
A
So, while she was trying not to think about work, she saw the pots stacked up in an alley. They were cheap plastic pots, but there were dozens of them piled up behind the flower shop.
- [transitive, intransitive] stack (something) (up) to arrange objects neatly in a pile; to be arranged in this way
25
alley/ˈæli/
So, while she was trying not to think about work, she saw the pots stacked up in an alley. They were cheap plastic pots, but there were dozens of them piled up behind the flower shop.
1. (also alleyway) a narrow passage behind or between buildings
26
pile/paɪl/V
So, while she was trying not to think about work, she saw the pots stacked up in an alley. They were cheap plastic pots, but there were dozens of them piled up behind the flower shop.
1. [transitive] to put things one on top of another; to form a pile
27
waste/weɪst/N
They were cheap plastic pots, but there were dozens of them piled up behind the flower shop. Such a waste, she thought.
1. [uncountable, singular] waste (of something) the act of using something in a careless or unnecessary way, causing it to be lost or destroyed
28
mind/maɪnd/V
When the pots were still there three days later, Rosa went in and asked if she could take some. The flower shop lady said she didn’t mind, so Rosa carried home a tower of pots, pretending she was a circus performer on the way.
3. not mind [intransitive, transitive, no passive] to not care or not be concerned about something
29
tower/ˈtaʊər/
When the pots were still there three days later, Rosa went in and asked if she could take some. The flower shop lady said she didn’t mind, so Rosa carried home a tower of pots, pretending she was a circus performer on the way.
화분이 탑처럼 쌓여져 있는 걸 이렇게 표현함.
30
fire escpae
At home, Rosa set them on the fire escape outside her tiny apartment.
metal stairs or a ladder on the outside of a building, which people can use to escape from a fire
31
below/bɪˈloʊ/adv.
Once, a gust of wind sent them clattering to the street three floors below, and she had to go and chase them before the gathering storm.
1. at or to a lower level, position or place
32
gathering/ˈɡæð(ə)rɪŋ/
| a gathering storm
Once, a gust of wind sent them clattering to the street three floors below, and she had to go and chase them before the gathering storm.
gathering: M. (mainly literary) gradually increasing
- gathering darkness/dusk/gloom: We watched the boats return through the gathering gloom.
a gathering storm: M2. (mainly literary) a storm that is coming
33
hardware/ˈhɑːrdwer/
| hardware store
Every day, Rosa went to work and thought about her pots. She was waiting for something, but she had patience. At last, the newspaper brought good news. A hardware store had a sale on potting soil.
(철물점)
hardware: O2. [uncountable] (British English also ironmongery) tools and equipment that are used in the house and garden/yard
hardware store: M. [countable] a store that sells metal goods and things for your home or garden, such as pans, knives, tools, and chemical products
34
potting soil
Every day, Rosa went to work and thought about her pots. She was waiting for something, but she had patience. At last, the newspaper brought good news. A hardware store had a sale on potting soil.
(have a sale on sth 이것도 눈여겨보기.)
M. [uncountable] the soil that you use when you put a plant in a container
35
mass/mæs/N
Rosa slept well that night and dreamed of masses of flowers and fat, glowing fruits.
4. masses [plural] mass (of something) (informal) a large number or amount of something [SYN] lots
36
fat/fæt/
Rosa slept well that night and dreamed of masses of flowers and fat, glowing fruits.
2. thick or wide
M2. a fat object is thicker than other objects of the same type
37
glow/ɡloʊ/V
Rosa slept well that night and dreamed of masses of flowers and fat, glowing fruits.
4. [intransitive] to appear a strong, warm colour
38
scoop/skuːp/V
Then, she began to scoop dirt into the pots.
1. to move or lift something with a scoop or something like a scoop
L1. [transitive] [always + adverb/preposition] to pick something up or remove it using a scoop or a spoon, or your curved hand
M1. [transitive] to dig something out or pick it up using something such as a spoon or your curved hand
39
precious/ˈpreʃəs/
Then, she laid her precious seed packets out and planned her garden.
3. loved or valued very much [SYN] treasured
40
packet/ˈpækɪt/
Then, she laid her precious seed packets out and planned her garden.
M1. a small package or envelope containing a set of similar things
41
plan/plæn/V
Then, she laid her precious seed packets out and planned her garden.
3. [transitive] plan something to make a design or an outline for something
42
businessman/ˈbɪznəsmæn/
A Ukrainian businessman wants to buy New Year’s gifts for his 50 employees. He goes shopping and decides to get a pager for each employee.
1. a person who works in business, especially at a high level
M1. a man who works in business, especially a manager
43
pager/ˈpeɪdʒər/
He goes shopping and decides to get a pager for each employee.
a small electronic device that you carry around with you and that shows a message or lets you know when somebody is trying to contact you, for example by making a sound
44
caller/ˈkɔːlər/
The salesman explains how they work. “Look,” he says, “when someone calls, your pager rings. You see the caller’s phone number and a short message on the screen.”
1. a person who is making a telephone call
45
freak/friːk/V
On the way, he suddenly hears a very loud noise. All 50 pagers start ringing at the same time. The businessman freaks out and crashes into a lamp post.
[intransitive, transitive] (informal) if somebody freaks or if something freaks them, they react very strongly to something that makes them suddenly feel shocked, surprised, frightened, etc
46
crash/kræʃ/V
On the way, he suddenly hears a very loud noise. All 50 pagers start ringing at the same time. The businessman freaks out and crashes into a lamp post.
1. [intransitive, transitive] if a vehicle crashes or the driver crashes it, it hits an object or another vehicle, causing damage
47
lamp post
On the way, he suddenly hears a very loud noise. All 50 pagers start ringing at the same time. The businessman freaks out and crashes into a lamp post.
(especially British English) a tall post in the street with a lamp at the top
48
calm (sb/sth-)down
The businessman freaks out and crashes into a lamp post. When he calms down, he sees the message on the 50 pagers.
R5) I calmed the girls down and suggested that they make a list of things on which they agreed.
to become or make somebody become calm
49
stethoscope/ˈsteθəskoʊp/
One evening Kerry Kelliby drops by a local bar and plays a game of darts. He wins the game and gets a small toy stethoscope as a joke prize.
an instrument that a doctor uses to listen to somebody's heart and breathing
50
frightened/ˈfraɪtnd/
After a while, Kerry starts playing with the toy. He listens to his heart. He is frightened by what he hears - lots of beats and then silence. He goes to the doctor right away.
afraid; feeling fear
51
take part (in sth)
The earliest written evidence of a soccer-like game comes from China. During the second and third centuries B.C., Chinese soldiers took part in an activity that involved kicking a ball into a small net.
to be involved in something [SYN] participate
52
historian/hɪˈstɔːriən/
During the second and third centuries B.C., Chinese soldiers took part in an activity that involved kicking a ball into a small net. Historians think the game was a skill-building exercise for the soldiers.
a person who studies or writes about history; an expert in history
53
put a stop/end to sth
In 1331, the English King Edward Ⅲ passed a law in an attempt to put a stop to the popular but violent game.
M. to make something stop happening, especially something bad or unpleasant
54
speak/spiːk/
In 1331, the English King Edward Ⅲ passed a law in an attempt to put a stop to the popular but violent game. The king of Scotland spoke against the game a hundred years later.
R10) Houdini's strongly supported the work of magicians but just as strongly spoken against “fake” magicians who claimed that they had special powers or communicated with “spirits.”
M5. [intransitive/transitive] to express your ideas, thoughts, or opinions about something
55
association/əˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃn/
A well-known English college, Eton, developed a set of rules in 1815. A number of other colleges soon agreed to use the same rules, and those schools played against each other. Finally, 50 years later, a formal association formed to oversee the playing of the game and its rules.
1. [countable + singular or plural verb] (abbr. Assoc.)
an official group of people who have joined together for a particular purpose [SYN] organization
56
be into sth
Norma Vise, 60, is into hats. She has a big collection of unusual hats and puts on a different one each day.
(informal) to be interested in something in an active way
57
elderly/ˈeldərli/
An elderly couple is taking a vacation in Yellowstone Park.
1. (of people) used as a polite word for ‘old’
58
station/ˈsteɪʃn/
The man and woman do their best to get rid of the bear, but he refuses to move. So they drive 17 miles to a park ranger station with the bear in the back seat.
3. (usually in compounds) a place or building where a service is organized and provided or a special type of work is done
59
have your doubts (about sth)
When my students work together on projects, everything usually works out. I had my doubts today, though, when I put Sharla, Tess and Less together to make a volcano.
to have reasons why you are not certain about whether something is good or whether something good will happen
60
good grief!
When I looked back in their direction, one looked mad, one looked sad, and one was nearly in tears. Good grief!
(informal) used to express surprise or shock
61
icky/ˈɪki/
Tess didn’t want to have to touch “that icky paste” to build the volcano.
O. (informal) unpleasant (used especially about something that is wet and sticky)
M. (spoken) very unpleasant to touch, look at, smell, or taste
62
paste/peɪst/N
Tess didn’t want to have to touch “that icky paste” to build the volcano.
1. [singular] a soft wet mixture, usually made of a powder and a liquid
63
```
get across (to sb)
get sth-across (to sb)
```
As I approached, they all started talking at once. Tess didn’t want to have to touch “that icky paste” to build the volcano. Sharla had some design ideas that she couldn’t get across to the other two.
to be communicated or understood; to succeed in communicating something
64
get (down) to/set to work
| get/go/set to work (on something)
As I approached, they all started talking at once. Tess didn’t want to have to touch “that icky paste” to build the volcano. Sharla had some design ideas that she couldn’t get across to the other two. Less thought they should just stop talking and get to work.
get (down) to/set to work: O. to begin; to make a start
get/go/set to work (on something): M. to start doing something
65
that's all
I calmed the girls down and suggested that they make a list of things on which they agreed. They agreed they were making a volcano out of flour, salt and water, and that’s all.
M. (spoken) used for saying that there is nothing more involved than what you have mentioned
66
budge/bʌdʒ/
Each girl had her own ideas and would not budge for the sake of working together or moving ahead.
(usually used in negative sentences) (rather informal)
2. [intransitive, transitive] to change your opinion about something; to make somebody change their opinion
67
for the sake of
Each girl had her own ideas and would not budge for the sake of working together or moving ahead.
(usually used in negative sentences) (rather informal)
2. [intransitive, transitive] to change your opinion about something; to make somebody change their opinion
68
break into sth
One day Charles Gardner, 35, sees two teenage boys breaking into his car.
to enter a building by force; to open a car, etc. by force
69
luggage rack
One day Charles Gardner, 35, sees two teenage boys breaking into his car. As they take off, Gardner jumps on the car and grabs the luggage rack.
2. = roof rack: a metal frame fixed to the roof of a car and used for carrying bags, cases and other large objects
70
speed up
| speed sth-up
One day Charles Gardner, 35, sees two teenage boys breaking into his car. As they take off, Gardner jumps on the car and grabs the luggage rack. The teenage driver speeds up.
to move or happen faster; to make something move or happen faster
71
pole/poʊl/
One day Charles Gardner, 35, sees two teenage boys breaking into his car. As they take off, Gardner jumps on the car and grabs the luggage rack. The teenage driver speeds up. He hits a light pole.
1. a long thin straight piece of wood or metal, especially one with the end placed in the ground, used as a support
72
fence/fens/N
The teenage driver speeds up. He hits a light pole. Then he drives through two fences.
1. a structure made of wood or wire supported with posts that is put between two areas of land as a boundary, or around a garden/yard, field, etc. to keep animals in, or to keep people and animals out
73
hang on
As they take off, Gardner jumps on the car and grabs the luggage rack. The teenage driver speeds up. He hits a light pole. Then he drives through two fences. Gardner hangs on for dear life.
1. to hold something tightly
M1. [intransitive] to hold tightly to something
- hang on to sth
- hang on tight
74
for dear/your life
As they take off, Gardner jumps on the car and grabs the luggage rack. The teenage driver speeds up. He hits a light pole. Then he drives through two fences. Gardner hangs on for dear life.
O. as hard or as fast as possible
M. (informal) using all your strength, speed, or determination in order to avoid danger or serious trouble
75
fed up
James Meadows, 28, doesn’t get along with his neighbors. He likes to play loud music. But his neighbors are fed up with it.
[not before noun] (informal) bored or unhappy, especially with a situation that has continued for too long
76
again and again
| time and again
James Meadows, 28, doesn’t get along with his neighbors. He likes to play loud music. But his neighbors are fed up with it. Again and again they report the problem to the police.
M. used for saying that something happens many times
77
stereo/ˈsterioʊ/
But Meadows ignores the warnings and continues to play loud music. Finally, the police take away his $700 stereo.
1. (also stereo system) [countable] a machine that plays CDs, etc, sometimes with a radio, that has two separate speakers so that you hear different sounds from each
78
steaming/ˈstiːmɪŋ/adj.
Finally, the police take away his $700 stereo. They smash it with a hammer on a public street. “This is a warning to everyone. Neighbors have rights,” they say. But Meadows is steaming. “The police should go after criminals, not music lovers,” he says.
1. (British English, informal) very angry
79
it's safe to say
I think it is safe to say that most people really don’t like snakes.
M. (spoken)used for saying that something is likely to be correct
80
neutral/ˈnuːtrəl/
I think it is safe to say that most people really don’t like snakes. It would be hard to find a person who is neutral, or simply doesn’t care one way or the other.
not supporting or helping either side in a disagreement, competition, etc. [SYN] impartial, unbiased
81
either way
| one way or the other
I think it is safe to say that most people really don’t like snakes. It would be hard to find a person who is neutral, or simply doesn’t care one way or the other.
used to say that it does not matter which one of two possibilities happens, is chosen or is true
82
cause/kɔːz/V
I think it is safe to say that most people really don’t like snakes. It would be hard to find a person who is neutral, or simply doesn’t care one way or the other. What I can’t figure out is why something that doesn’t even have any legs causes such alarm.
to make something happen, especially something bad or unpleasant
83
alarm/əˈlɑːrm/N
I think it is safe to say that most people really don’t like snakes. It would be hard to find a person who is neutral, or simply doesn’t care one way or the other. What I can’t figure out is why something that doesn’t even have any legs causes such alarm.
1. [uncountable] fear and anxiety that somebody feels when something dangerous or unpleasant might happen
84
reptile/ˈreptaɪl/
Snakes are reptiles, of course, not mammals.
any animal that has cold blood and skin covered in scales, and that lays eggs. Snakes, crocodiles and tortoises are all reptiles.
85
hatred/ˈheɪtrɪd/
Do you think there is some ancient hatred between mammals and reptiles?
[uncountable, countable] a very strong feeling of dislike for somebody/something
86
cold-bloodedness
Snakes are reptiles, of course, not mammals. Do you think there is some ancient hatred between mammals and reptiles? Maybe their cold-bloodedness is what makes us dislike snakes.
cold-blooded: 2. (biology) (of animals, for example fish or snakes) having a body temperature that depends on the temperature of the surrounding air or water
87
age-old
Or perhaps age-old stories about frightening creatures with scales cause us to turn away from our neighbors, the snakes.
[usually before noun] having existed for a very long time
88
scale/skeɪl/N
Or perhaps age-old stories about frightening creatures with scales cause us to turn away from our neighbors, the snakes.
8. [countable] any of the thin plates of hard material that cover the skin of many fish and reptiles
89
turn (sb) away from sb/sth
Or perhaps age-old stories about frightening creatures with scales cause us to turn away from our neighbors, the snakes.
L3. to stop supporting someone, or stop using or being interested in something, or to make someone do this
M. turn away from sth: to refuse to accept or to use something any longer
90
rodent/ˈroʊdnt/
Snakes are quite useful, but that doesn’t seem to matter. Snakes help control the rodent population.
any small animal that belongs to a group of animals with strong sharp front teeth. Mice, rats and squirrels are all rodents.
91
overrun/ˌoʊvəˈrʌn/
Snakes are quite useful, but that doesn’t seem to matter. Snakes help control the rodent population. Without snakes, perhaps we would be overrun with mice.
1. [transitive, often passive] overrun something (especially of something bad or not wanted)
to fill or spread over an area quickly, especially in large numbers
92
would rather… (than)
Snakes are quite useful, but that doesn’t seem to matter. Snakes help control the rodent population. Without snakes, perhaps we would be overrun with mice. Most of us, however, would rather see a mouse than a snake.
(usually reduced to 'd rather) would prefer to
93
poisonous/ˈpɔɪzənəs/
The poison argument is a strong one. Some snakes are poisonous, and people all over the world do die from snake bites each year.
2. (of animals and insects) producing a poison that can cause death or illness if the animal or insect bites you [SYN] venomous
94
do sth with sb/sth
And what do we do with the people who really like snakes? They like snakes even more strongly than we dislike them.
O. (used in negative sentences and questions with what) 정의는 없고 이것만 있다.
95
strongly/strɔːŋli/
And what do we do with the people who really like snakes? They like snakes even more strongly than we dislike them.
M1. used for saying that you have a firm opinion about something
96
observe/əbˈzɜːrv/
They like snakes even more strongly than we dislike them. These people learn about them, seek them out observe them.
2. [transitive, intransitive] (formal) to watch somebody/something carefully, especially to learn more about them [SYN] monitor
97
opend-minded
Why? The reason I can think of is that these people are truly generous and open-minded. They are able to put aside differences and welcome the snake as a fellow living being.
willing to listen to, think about or accept different ideas [OPP] narrow-minded
98
put sth-aside
Why? The reason I can think of is that these people are truly generous and open-minded. They are able to put aside differences and welcome the snake as a fellow living being.
1. to ignore or forget something, usually a feeling or difference of opinion [SYN] disregard
99
vital/ˈvaɪtl/
Whatever the reason for our like or dislike, snakes are a vital part of the circle of life.
1. necessary or essential in order for something to succeed or exist
100
circle of life
Whatever the reason for our like or dislike, snakes are a vital part of the circle of life.
생명의 순환
101
run across sb/sth
If you’re lucky, you might not run across more than a few of them in an entire lifetime. That would be fine with most of us.
to meet somebody or find something by chance
102
lifetime/ˈlaɪftaɪm/
If you’re lucky, you might not run across more than a few of them in an entire lifetime. That would be fine with most of us.
the length of time that somebody lives or that something lasts
103
(as) easy as pie
Later on that day, 106 prisoners escaped. How? It was as easy as pie. They walked out the front gate! The guards had made a mistake and forgotten to lock it.
(informal) very easy
104
a piece of cake
M) The interview was a piece of cake.
O. (informal) a thing that is very easy to do
105
lock/lɑːk/V
1. Later on that day, 106 prisoners escaped. How? It was as easy as pie. They walked out the front gate! The guards had made a mistake and forgotten to lock it.
2. R10) Think of a trick that seems truly impossible. He had himself locked into a crate and thrown into a river.
1. [transitive, intransitive] lock (something) to fasten something with a lock; to be fastened with a lock
2. [transitive] lock something + adverb/preposition to put something in a safe place and lock it
106
escaped/ɪˈskeɪpt/
Police are looking for the escaped prisoners, but so far, they have caught only three.
[only before noun] having escaped from a place
107
at death's door
One day When Jo Ann was alone at home, she had a heart attack. She had trouble breathing and fell to the floor. She was at death’s door.
(often humorous) so ill/sick that you may die
108
save the day/situation
One day When Jo Ann was alone at home, she had a heart attack. She had trouble breathing and fell to the floor. She was at death’s door. But Lulu saved the day.
O. to prevent failure or defeat, when this seems certain to happen
M. to do something that prevents a situation from becoming unpleasant, embarrassing, or unsuccessful
109
fenced-in
The pig ran into the fenced-in yard. Somehow she pushed the gate open.
펜스로 가두어진 마당이라고 할 때.
110
yard/jɑːrd/N
The pig ran into the fenced-in yard. Somehow she pushed the gate open.
2. (North American English) (British English garden)
a piece of land next to or around your house where you can grow flowers, fruit, vegetables, etc, usually with a lawn (= an area of grass)
111
lie down
The pig ran into the fenced-in yard. Somehow she pushed the gate open. Then she walked into the middle of the road and lay down.
to be or get into a flat position, especially in bed, in order to sleep or rest
112
motorist/ˈmoʊtərɪst/
Then she walked into the middle of the road and lay down. A surprised motorist stopped and got out of his car.
a person driving a car
113
get on with your life
T) A lot of victims are having a hard time getting on with their lives.
M3. to stop thinking or worrying about something bad that happened in the past and start living a normal life again
114
pea/piː/
From a seed that is smaller than a pea grows the tallest of trees.
a small round green seed, eaten as a vegetable. Several peas grow together inside a long thin pod on a climbing plant also called a pea
115
unchallenged/ʌnˈtʃælɪndʒd/
From a seed that is smaller than a pea grows the tallest of trees. The coast redwood is the unchallenged giant of North America’s trees.
1. not doubted; accepted without question; not challenged
116
commonly/ˈkɑːmənli/
Redwoods commonly make it to 600 years or so. Some have been found that are more than 2,000 years old.
usually; very often; by most people
117
coastline/ˈkoʊstlaɪn/
To find a coast redwood, you’ll have to go to Oregon or California. A strip of coastline about 450 miles long and up to 35 miles wide is home to the redwoods.
the land along a coast, especially when you are thinking of its shape or appearance
118
home/hoʊm/N
To find a coast redwood, you’ll have to go to Oregon or California. A strip of coastline about 450 miles long and up to 35 miles wide is home to the redwoods.
7. [singular, uncountable] the place where a plant or animal usually lives; the place where somebody/something can be found
119
moist/mɔɪst/
The coast of the Pacific Ocean provides a special environment for the redwoods. Cool, moist air comes off the ocean and keeps the trees moist all year.
slightly wet
120
moisture/ˈmɔɪstʃər/
During the dry summer months, the trees depend on moisture from the thick fog that often hangs over the coast.
[uncountable] very small drops of water that are present in the air, on a surface or in a substance
121
built-in
Redwoods have a couple of built-in protection systems.
included as part of something and not separate from it
122
bark/bɑːrk/N
Also, the bark of a mature redwood tree is as much as 12 inches thick.
[uncountable, countable] 1. the outer covering of a tree
123
mature/məˈtʃʊr/
Also, the bark of a mature redwood tree is as much as 12 inches thick.
2. (of a person, a tree, a bird or an animal) fully grown and developed [OPP] immature
124
covering/ˈkʌvərɪŋ/
Also, the bark of a mature redwood tree is as much as 12 inches thick. The thick covering protects the lower part of the tree from fire damage.
1. a layer of something that covers something else
125
chemical/ˈkemɪkl/N
Redwoods are safe from insect damage because the wood contains a bitter-tasting chemical called tannin.
a substance obtained by or used in a chemical process
126
trunk/trʌŋk/
If you ever get a chance, visit a redwood forest. Look among the tree trunks and imagine who might have camped there a thousand years ago.
1. [countable] the thick main stem of a tree, that the branches grow from
127
camp/kæmp/V
If you ever get a chance, visit a redwood forest. Look among the tree trunks and imagine who might have camped there a thousand years ago.
1. [intransitive] to put up a tent and live in it for a short time
128
run a temperature/fever
“What’s the matter?” he asks. “I have a stomachache. And I’m running a fever,” she tells him.
M. to be very hot because you are ill
129
take the cake
The doctor takes an X-ray. He’s shocked when he looks at it. There’s a 12-inch piece of metal in Olga’s stomach. “That takes the cake!” he thinks. “No wonder she has a stomachache!”
O. (informal) to be the most surprising, annoying, etc. thing that has happened or that someone has done
M. to be the worst, most shocking, or most annoying example of something
130
instrument/ˈɪnstrəmənt/
Apparently, the surgeon made a big mistake and left a medical instrument inside her.
1. a tool or device used for a particular task, especially for delicate or scientific work
131
get/have cold feet
“We need to get rid of it,” says the doctor. “You need an operation.” Olga has cold feet and wants to put it off.
(informal) to suddenly become nervous about doing something that you had planned to do
132
put sth-off
“We need to get rid of it,” says the doctor. “You need an operation.” Olga has cold feet and wants to put it off.
to change something to a later time or date [SYN] postpone, delay
133
lacy/ˈleɪsi/
Vittoria begins to shop for a wedding dress, and she soon finds the perfect one. It’s long, lacy and beautiful.
made of or looking like lace
134
cost/pay an arm and a leg
Vittoria begins to shop for a wedding dress, and she soon finds the perfect one. It’s long, lacy and beautiful. But it costs an arm and a leg.
(informal) to cost/pay a lot of money
135
newly-wed
The newly-weds are in seventh heaven.
[usually plural] a person who has recently got married
136
carriage/ˈkærɪdʒ/
The newly-weds are in seventh heaven. They dance, drink champagne and eat caviar. Afterward, they ride off in a horse-drawn carriage.
2. [countable] a road vehicle, usually with four wheels, that is pulled by one or more horses and was used in the past to carry people
137
it's about/high time
At long last, after a 40-year engagement, Vittoria can buy the wedding dress. She and Sebastio decide to tie the knot. At the wedding, Vittoria looks beautiful in her dress. The newly-weds are in seventh heaven. They dance, drink champagne and eat caviar. Afterward, they ride off in a horse-drawn carriage. Their friends watch them and think, “It’s about time!”
O. (informal) used to say that you think somebody should do something soon
L. (informal) used to say strongly that you think something should happen soon or should already have happened
138
claw/klɔː/N
When I saw him sitting in his cage, counting on his claws during math class, I knew something was up for sure.
(count on claws: 발로 셈을 하려고 세어봄. R27에서 I can count on the fingers of one hand the number of leaves moving in the breeze.랑 같은 표현.)
1. one of the sharp curved nails on the end of an animal's or a bird's foot
139
for sure
When I saw him sitting in his cage, counting on his claws during math class, I knew something was up for sure.
(informal) without doubt
140
allowance/əˈlaʊəns/
On the first day of summer, I took my allowance and my mom to the pet store. I bought some tunnels to add to Felix’s cage.
4. = pocket money: 1. [uncountable] (also allowance) a small amount of money that parents give their children, usually every week or every month
141
enough already
By the end of the first week, Mom said, “Enough already,” so I stopped adding tunnels. There were 376 feet of them.
(informal) used to say that something is annoying or boring and that you want it to stop
142
clock/klɑːk/V
One night, I couldn’t fall asleep, so I went down to talk to Felix. He was running on his wheel. He apologized for not being able to chat, but he was trying to break a speed record. I watched for a while. I clocked him at 41 miles per hour.
2. to measure the speed at which somebody/something is travelling
143
```
hook up (to sth)
hook sb/sth-up (to sth)
```
He had a brilliant idea. He hooked up a generator to Felix’s wheel. Now, Felix makes electricity for us.
to connect somebody/something to a piece of electronic equipment, to a power supply or to the Internet
144
generator/ˈdʒenəreɪtər/
He had a brilliant idea. He hooked up a generator to Felix’s wheel. Now, Felix makes electricity for us. We haven’t had a bill from the electric company for two months.
1. a machine for producing electricity
145
take to doing sth
During the summer, Felix took to writing his own songs. He even wrote one for Mrs. Raymond.
[no passive] 2. to begin to do something as a habit
146
condition/kənˈdɪʃn/
Then Victor reads a story in the newspaper about Adrian Sandoval, a baby who is very sick. Victor decides to give the cash away to help pay for the baby’s surgery. “Life has been nice to me,” Bacelis said. “I’m healthy. I have enough money. Adrian is a little boy, and his condition really touched me. This is what I want to do.” Victor Bacelis truly has a heart of gold.
2. [uncountable, singular] the state of somebody's health or how fit they are
147
in/out of shape
When Ed was 84 years old, a doctor came to the nursing home. She saw that Ed was out of shape and his body was weak. She told him to exercise and get in shape.
M. in good/bad physical condition
148
pump iron
So Ed started going to the exercise center to pump iron. He worked out for seven years, day in and day out.
(informal) to do exercises in which you lift heavy weights in order to make your muscles stronger
149
as flat as a pancake
Now Ed has big muscles, and his stomach is as flat as a pancake.
completely flat
150
(as) fit as a fiddle
Now Ed has big muscles, and his stomach is as flat as a pancake. He feels like a million dollars. His family and friends are surprised. They cannot believe their eyes. Now Ed Rosenthal, at 91, is as fit as a fiddle.
(informal) in very good physical condition
151
gardener/ˈɡɑːrdnər/
Are dirt and soil the same thing? If you ask a gardener, she’ll say that dirt is what is under her fingernails.
M1. [countable] someone whose job is to take care of a garden
152
fingernail/ˈfɪŋɡərneɪl/
Are dirt and soil the same thing? If you ask a gardener, she’ll say that dirt is what is under her fingernails.
the thin hard layer that covers the outer tip of each finger
153
stuff/stʌf/N
Your mother will say that dirt is what you tracked into the house after walking through the garden. The gardener, however, will say that the stuff out in the garden is soil.
1. [uncountable] (informal, sometimes disapproving) used to refer to a substance, material, group of objects, etc. when you do not know the name, when the name is not important or when it is obvious what you are talking about
154
layer/ˈleɪr/
The dictionary says soil is upper layer of earth’s surface. Scientists and gardeners know it as the layer in which things grow.
(know sb/sth as sth도 중요.)
1. a quantity or thickness of something that lies over a surface or between surfaces
155
particle/ˈpɑːrtɪkl/
Mineral pieces might be large, in the form of gravel, or tiny, such as the small particles that make up clay.
1. a very small piece of something
156
remains/rɪˈmeɪnz/
| [plural]
The second part of soil is the remains of dead plants and animals.
3. (formal) the body of a dead person or animal
157
organism/ˈɔːrɡənɪzəm/
The second part of soil is the remains of dead plants and animals. When plants and animals die, they provide food for countless living organisms.
1. (biology or formal) a living thing, especially one that is extremely small
158
job/dʒɑːb/
The job of the living organisms is to break down the dead materials.
(여기서 3번 정의라기보다는 그냥 문장으로 알고 있자.)
3. [usually singular] (rather informal) a responsibility or duty
159
break sth-down
4. The job of the living organisms is to break down the dead materials. The result is humus, a dark, slightly sticky substance that helps plants grow in the soil.
3. L140) The new study is causing a lot of confusion. Is this cause for real alarm and what should consumers do? ABC’s Dr. Richard Besser breaks it down.
(자세히 한 번 분해해서 소개해드리겠다는 의미.)
4. to make a substance separate into parts or change into a different form in a chemical process
3. to divide something into parts in order to analyse it or make it easier to do
160
humus/ˈhjuːməs/
The job of the living organisms is to break down the dead materials. The result is humus, a dark, slightly sticky substance that helps plants grow in the soil.
부엽토
[uncountable] a substance made from dead leaves and plants, added to soil to help plants grow
161
lifeless/ˈlaɪfləs/
So, now you have the dirt on soil. It is not just a lifeless thing lying on the ground outside. It is full of life itself and is the source of all growing things.
2. not living; not having living things growing on or in it
162
once in a blue moon
Hoo washes his hair only once in a blue moon.
(informal) very rarely
163
freezing/ˈfriːzɪŋ/
She yells for help, but no one hears her. Night comes, and the temperature falls below freezing.
2. [only before noun] having temperatures that are below 0° Celsius
164
to death
She yells for help, but no one hears her. Night comes, and the temperature falls below freezing. Karen is scared to death and very cold.
- M: be bored/scared/frightened/worried etc. to death
extremely; very much
165
keep your head
| keep a clear/cool head
Karen is scared to death and very cold. But she keeps her head. She plays music in her mind and dances all night long to stay warm.
to remain calm in a difficult situation
166
long/lɔːŋ/adv.
Karen is scared to death and very cold. But she keeps her head. She plays music in her mind and dances all night long to stay warm.
3. used after a noun to emphasize that something happens for the whole of a particular period of time
167
dance/dæns/V
She dances to old disco songs, pop songs and Christmas songs. “It was either dance or die,” she said.
- dance to 음악. 이 중요.
1. [intransitive] to move your body to the sound and rhythm of music
168
in the nick of time
The next morning, a helicopter begins to look for Karen. After 18 hours in the cold, she is rescued in the nick of time. Karen is frozen stiff but all right.
(informal) at the very last moment; just in time before something bad happens
169
frozen stiff
The next morning, a helicopter begins to look for Karen. After 18 hours in the cold, she is rescued in the nick of time. Karen is frozen stiff but all right.
L) Goodness, your hands are frozen stiff!
O) I came home from the game frozen stiff (= very cold).
L1. extremely cold
O. (of wet material) very cold and hard because the water has become ice
170
all right
The next morning, a helicopter begins to look for Karen. After 18 hours in the cold, she is rescued in the nick of time. Karen is frozen stiff but all right.
2. safe and well [SYN] OK
171
tub/tʌb/
After 18 hours in the cold, she is rescued in the nick of time. Karen is frozen stiff but all right. She spends Christmas Day in a hot tub.
3. (informal) = bathtub : (also informal tub) (both especially North American English) (British English also bath)
a large, long container that you put water in and then get into to wash your whole body
172
believe in sb/sth
Do you believe in magic? The greatest magician of all time didn’t. Harry Houdini was known as “The King of Cards” and “The Great Escape Artist.” But he was the first to say that his magic tricks were tricks, not magic.
to feel certain that somebody/something exists
173
of all time
Do you believe in magic? The greatest magician of all time didn’t.
O. that has ever existed
M. used for talking about someone or something that is better than all other people or things that have existed
174
perfect/pərˈfekt/V
He added new tricks, such as escaping from an ordinary box, once he had perfected them.
perfect something to make something perfect or as good as you can
175
beginnings [plural]
His first magic show, begun when he was 17, included mostly card tricks. He added new tricks, such as escaping from an ordinary box, once he had perfected them. From those simple beginnings, Houdini’s magic tricks became more showy and more daring
2. the first or early ideas, signs or stages of something
176
straitjacket/ˈstreɪtdʒækɪt/
| also straightjacket
Then, he escaped from a straightjacket, hanging upside down by his ankles.
1. a piece of clothing like a jacket with long arms which are tied to prevent the person wearing it from behaving violently.Straitjackets are sometimes used to control people who are mentally ill.
177
upside down/adv.
Then, he escaped from a straightjacket, hanging upside down by his ankles.
adv. in or into a position in which the top of something is where the bottom is normally found and the bottom is where the top is normally found [OPP] right side up
178
performer/pərˈfɔːrmər/
How can a performer top his own top performance?
1. a person who performs for an audience in a show, concert, etc
179
top/tɑːp/adj.
How can a performer top his own top performance?
[usually before noun] 1. highest in position, rank or degree
180
crate/kreɪt/N
Think of a trick that seems truly impossible. He had himself locked into a crate and thrown into a river.
1. a large wooden container for transporting goods
181
seal sth in sth
He also had himself sealed into a lead coffin, which was placed into a hotel swimming pool.
to put something in an envelope, container, etc. and seal it
182
lead/led/N
He also had himself sealed into a lead coffin, which was placed into a hotel swimming pool.
납
1. [uncountable] (symb. Pb) a chemical element. Lead is a heavy, soft, gray metal, used especially in the past for water pipes or to cover roofs.
183
coffin/ˈkɑːfɪn/
He also had himself sealed into a lead coffin, which was placed into a hotel swimming pool.
(also casket/ˈkæskɪt/) a box in which a dead body is buried or cremated
184
wave/weɪv/V
He also had himself sealed into a lead coffin, which was placed into a hotel swimming pool. An hour later, Houdini waved to the waiting fans and newspaper reporters.
1. [intransitive, transitive] to move your hand or arm from side to side in the air in order to attract attention, say hello, etc
185
open your/somebody's eyes (to sth)
O) Travelling really opens your eyes to other cultures.
to realize or make somebody realize the truth about something
186
suffocate/ˈsʌfəkeɪt/
O) He put the pillow over her face and suffocated her.
T) The two were suffocated to death.
1. [intransitive, transitive] to die because there is no air to breathe; to kill somebody by not letting them breathe air
187
strangle/ˈstræŋɡl/
O) He strangled her with her own scarf.
1. strangle somebody to kill somebody by squeezing or pressing on their throat and neck
188
stab/stæb/V
O) He was stabbed to death in a racist attack.
1. [transitive] stab somebody to push a sharp, pointed object, especially a knife, into somebody, killing or injuring them
189
stifle/ˈstaɪfl/V
O) Most of the victims were stifled by the fumes.
2. [intransitive, transitive] to feel unable to breathe, or to make somebody unable to breathe, because it is too hot and/or there is no fresh air [SYN] suffocate
190
fumes/fjuːmz/
| [plural]
O) Most of the victims were stifled by the fumes.
smoke, gas, or something similar that smells strongly or is dangerous to breathe in
191
tragic/ˈtrædʒɪk/
O) Cuts in the health service could have tragic consequences for patients.
O1. making you feel very sad, usually because somebody has died or suffered a lot
192
foot-and-mouth disease
구제역
(North American English also hoof-and-mouth disease) [uncountable] a disease of cows, sheep, etc, which causes sore places on the mouth and feet
193
gratification/ˌɡrætɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/
O) Much to my gratification, my work got a special mention in her speech.
[uncountable, countable] (formal) the state of feeling pleasure when something goes well for you or when your desires are satisfied; something that gives you pleasure [SYN] satisfaction
194
airborne/ˈerbɔːrn/
O) airborne seeds/viruses
2. [only before noun] carried through the air
195
waterborne/ˈwɔːtərbɔːrn/
O) cholera and other waterborne diseases
O) waterborne goods
spread or carried by water
196
turn to sb
M) There are plenty of people you can turn to for advice.
M1. [transitive] turn to someone to go to someone for help when you are having difficulty dealing with a situation
197
irrevocable/ɪˈrevəkəbl/
O) an irrevocable decision
(formal) that cannot be changed [SYN] final
198
…and counting
T) The number of single men over 40 is now somewhere around 2 million and counting.
used to say that a total is continuing to increase
199
push ahead/forward (with sth)
T) The FBI is pushing ahead with its plan to be able to conduct racial profiling at all US airports in the wake of the terrorist attack.
to continue with a plan in a determined way
200
racial profiling
T) The FBI is pushing ahead with its plan to be able to conduct racial profiling at all US airports in the wake of the terrorist attack.
인종 프로파일링(피부색, 인종 등을 기반으로 용의자를 추적하는 수사 기법)
[uncountable] (North American English) the fact of police officers, etc. suspecting that somebody has committed a crime based on the colour of their skin or their race rather than on any evidence
201
appendix/əˈpendɪks/
| appendicitis/əˌpendəˈsaɪtɪs/
appendix: 1. a small bag of tissue that is attached to the large intestine. In humans, the appendix has no clear function
appendicitis: [uncountable] a painful swelling of the appendix that can be very serious
202
in depth
| in-depth
O) I haven't looked at the report in depth yet.
L140) And now we wanted go in depth tonight on that headline about surprisingly high levels of arsenic hiding in food, including brown rice, organic formula for toddlers.
O) an in-depth discussion/study
in depth: in a detailed and thorough way
in-depth: [usually before noun] very thorough and detailed
203
edible/ˈedəbl/
I could find edible mushroom in large quantities in the forest.
(in large quantities도 중요. People gathered at the centeral square in large numbers. 이런 식의 표현.)
fit or suitable to be eaten; not poisonous
204
quick/kwɪk/adj.
When asked if there's anything they would want to see changed, they were quick to point out that his silly jokes must go.
- 특히 quick to point out은 잘 붙어서 쓰임.
2. moving or doing something fast
